109-60-4Relevant articles and documents
Transacylation. Biomimetic synthesis of esters of acetic acid
Devedjiev, Ivan T.,Ganev, Vesselin G.
, p. 350 - 352 (2006)
By mixing of β-hydroxypropyl phosphate and acetic acid in ethanol solution, ethyl acetate is produced. As found, acetyl phosphate is first formed, then it reacts with the solvent to give the final ethyl acetate product. By similar procedures, acetates of methanol, n-propanol, and n-butanol are also produced. Propylene oxide serves as a condensing agent.
Hydroisomerization of 1,3-Dioxacycloalkanes to Esters on Platinum. The Role of Hydrogen in the Isomerization.
Bartok, Mihaly,Czombos, Jozsef
, p. 978 - 979 (1981)
Experiments show that the isomerization of 1,3-dioxacycloalkanes to esters proceeds only in the presence of hydrogen, and the selectivity for ester formation can be > 90percent with optimum hydrogen coverage; new data are reported relevant to the mechanism of ester formation and the generalization of the hydroisomerization.
Isomerization and Hydrogenolysis of 1,3-Dioxacycloalkanes on Metal Catalysts
Bartok, Mihaly,Czombos, Jozsef
, p. 106 - 108 (1981)
The isomerization of 5-, 6-, and 7-membered 1,3-dioxacycloalkanes to esters on various metal catalysts is reported, the hydrogenolysis pattern for this type of compound is determined, and a new reaction mechanism is proposed to interpret these catalytic processes.
Facile synthesis of mesoporous sulfated Ce/TiO2 nanofiber solid superacid with nanocrystalline frameworks by using collagen fibers as a biotemplate and its application in esterification
Xiao, Gao,Zhou, Jianfei,Huang, Xin,Liao, Xuepin,Shi, Bi
, p. 4010 - 4019 (2014)
Collagen fibers, one of the most abundant biomass in the natural world, were used as the biomass template to synthesize cerium-doped mesoporous TiO 2 nanofiber (SO42--Cex/TiO 2) solid acid catalysts. The physiochemical properties of the as-prepared catalysts were well characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The fibrous morphology of native collagen fibers were found to be well preserved in SO42--Ce x/TiO2, and the acid strength and textural property of the SO42--Cex/TiO2 were adjustable by changing the doping amount of Ce and the curing temperature. The catalytic properties of as-prepared catalysts were evaluated in the esterification reactions. It was found that the SO42--Ce x/TiO2 exhibited high activity under mild reaction conditions. When reacted at 90 °C for 45 min with a catalyst amount of 2 wt%, the conversion yields of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, hexyl acetate and ethyl caproate were 99.9%, 97.06%, 94.29% and 86.75%, respectively. Additionally, the SO42--Cex/TiO2 solid acid catalyst could be reused at least 6 times without significant loss of activity, exhibiting much better reusability as compared with the SO 42--TiO2* catalyst prepared by conventional approach.
Heterogeneous 1H and 13C Parahydrogen-Induced Polarization of Acetate and Pyruvate Esters
Salnikov, Oleg G.,Chukanov, Nikita V.,Kovtunova, Larisa M.,Bukhtiyarov, Valerii I.,Kovtunov, Kirill V.,Shchepin, Roman V.,Koptyug, Igor V.,Chekmenev, Eduard Y.
, p. 1389 - 1396 (2021)
Magnetic resonance imaging of [1-13C]hyperpolarized carboxylates (most notably, [1-13C]pyruvate) allows one to visualize abnormal metabolism in tumors and other pathologies. Herein, we investigate the efficiency of 1H and 13C hyperpolarization of acetate and pyruvate esters with ethyl, propyl and allyl alcoholic moieties using heterogeneous hydrogenation of corresponding vinyl, allyl and propargyl precursors in isotopically unlabeled and 1-13C-enriched forms with parahydrogen over Rh/TiO2 catalysts in methanol-d4 and in D2O. The maximum obtained 1H polarization was 0.6±0.2 % (for propyl acetate in CD3OD), while the highest 13C polarization was 0.10±0.03 % (for ethyl acetate in CD3OD). Hyperpolarization of acetate esters surpassed that of pyruvates, while esters with a triple carbon-carbon bond in unsaturated alcoholic moiety were less efficient as parahydrogen-induced polarization precursors than esters with a double bond. Among the compounds studied, the maximum 1H and 13C NMR signal intensities were observed for propyl acetate. Ethyl acetate yielded slightly less intense NMR signals which were dramatically greater than those of other esters under study.
Kinetics study of propyl acetate synthesis reaction catalyzed by amberlyst 15
Huang, Yuan-Sheng,Sundmacher, Kai
, p. 245 - 253 (2007)
The reaction kinetics of esterification of acetic acid with n-propanol was investigated. The reaction was catalyzed by the commercial cation-exchange resin Amberlyst 15, and the kinetic data were obtained in a batch reactor within the temperature range 338-368 K. The chemical equilibrium constant, Keq, was first determined experimentally; the result shows that Keq is about 20 and slightly temperature dependent. Altogether 14 sets of kinetic data were then measured. The influences of operating parameters such as temperatures, initial molar ratios, and catalyst concentrations were checked. The pseudo-homogeneous (PH), Rideal-Eley (RE), and Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen- Watson (LHHW) kinetic models were developed to interpret the obtained kinetic data. The parameters of the kinetic models were identified by the software DIVA, and the confidence interval of each parameter was also estimated. Both the chemical equilibrium constant and kinetic models were formulated in terms of the liquid phase activity, which was described by the nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model. The LHHW model gives the best fitting result, followed by the RE model and the PH model, whereas the confidence intervals rank in the reverse order. In addition, an effective solution was proposed to overcome a convergence problem occurring in the LHHW model parameter identification, which has been reported several times in the literature.
Heteropolyacid encapsulated in Cu3(BTC)2 nanocrystals: An effective esterification catalyst
Wee, Lik H.,Janssens, Nikki,Bajpe, Sneha R.,Kirschhock, Christine E.A.,Martens, Johan A.
, p. 275 - 280 (2011)
An original synthesis approach to prepare Cu3(BTC)2 (BTC = benzene tricarboxylic acid) encapsulated Keggin phosphotungstic acid (HPW) [HPW/Cu3(BTC)2] involving mixing of reagents at room temperature, quenching in liquid nitrogen and freeze drying has resulted in the formation of nanocrystals. The catalytic properties of the as-synthesized nanocrystalline materials were assessed using a model esterification reaction of acetic acid with 1-propanol. HPW/Cu3(BTC)2 catalyst is partially dissolved in presence of acetic acid. In the esterification reaction the molar ratio of acetic acid to 1-propanol is critical. At high molar ratio of acetic acid to 1-propanol (1:2) leaching of Cu2+ and HPW was observed. However, at low molar ratio of acetic acid to 1-propanol (1:40) leaching of Cu2+ and HPW could be prevented and the catalyst was stable. Nanosized HPW/Cu3(BTC)2 showed higher catalytic activity compared to micron-size Cu3(BTC)2 (HKUST-1), ultrastable Y zeolite and micron-sized HPW/Cu3(BTC)2 catalysts. The stability of the nanosized MOF catalyst in acidic reaction medium after esterification reaction was investigated by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and N2 adsorption.
Aluminium triflate as catalyst for epoxide ring-opening and esterification reactions - Mechanistic aspects
Terblans, Yvette M.,Huyser, Johannes J.,Huyser, Michelle,Green, Michael J.,Young, Desmond A.,Sibiya, Mike S.
, p. 854 - 861 (2005)
A1(CF3SO3)3 is a highly effective catalyst for the ring opening of epoxides with methanol, as well as for the esterification of carboxylic acids with alcohols. Factors that influence the rate of the ring opening of butene oxide with methanol and the esterification of acetic acid with n-propanol and ethanol were investigated. It was found that low concentrations (e.g., ～5 ppm) of Al(CF3SO3) 3 catalyze the ring-opening reactions, whereas considerably higher concentrations are required for esterification reactions. Molecular modeling studies suggest that these differences can be rationalized in terms of the formation energies of the active intermediates of these reactions.
Supported heteropolyacids: Sytnhesis, characterization and effect of supports on esterification reactions
Brahmkhatri,Patel
, p. 380 - 384 (2010)
12-Tungstophosphoric acid supported onto silica was synthesized by impregnation. The supports and synthesized catalysts were characterized for chemical stability, ion exchange capacity, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, FT-IR, and BET surface area. The catalytic activity was evaluated for liquid phase esterification reactions. The catalyst was regenerated and reused. The best catalyst was cal- cined at different temperatures and its catalytic activity was also evaluated for esterification reactions under optimized conditions. Further, obtained results are compared with l2-tungstophosphoric acid supported onto zirconia in order to see effect of acidic nature of support on catalytic activity as well as thermal stability of the catalyst. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2010.
SYNTHESIS OF ESTERS FROM ACETIC ACID WITH METHANOL, ETHANOL, PROPANOL, BUTANOL, AND ISOBUTYL ALCOHOL CATALYZED BY SOLID SUPERACID
Hino, Makoto,Arata, Kazushi
, p. 1671 - 1672 (1981)
A solid superacid catalyst, which was obtained by exposing Zr(OH)4 to 1N H2SO4 and then calcining in air at 500-750 deg C, was found to be highly active for the heterogeneous title reactions at 30-45 deg C.The reactions with the used catalyst gave identical results with those using freshly activated catalyst.
