1076-74-0Relevant articles and documents
Complex bases promoted arynic cyclisations of halogenated imines or enamines: A regiochemical synthesis of indole derivatives
Caubere,Caubere,Renard,Bizot-Espiart,Jamart-Gregoire
, p. 6889 - 6892 (1993)
The complex base NaNH2-tBuONa allows expeditious synthesis of indole derivatives by arynic cyclization of imines or enamines of chloroanilines. Unstable imines may be used without purification, complex bases being unsensitive to impurities.
Cobalt-Catalyzed Dearomatization of Indoles via Transfer Hydrogenation to Afford Polycyclic Indolines
Chen, Siwei,Cai, Min,Huang, Junru,Yao, Hequan,Lin, Aijun
supporting information, p. 2212 - 2216 (2021/04/05)
A cobalt-catalyzed dearomatization of indoles via transfer hydrogenation with HBpin and H2O has been developed. This reaction offered a straightforward platform to access hexahydropyrido[1,2-a]indoles in high regio- and chemoselectivity. A preliminary reaction mechanism was proposed on the basis of deuterium-labeling experiments, and a cobalt hydride species was involved in the reaction.
Process for preparing 5-methoxy-2-methylindole
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Paragraph 0035-0041; 0049-0054; 0062-0067, (2020/07/02)
The invention discloses a process for preparing 5-methoxy-2-methylindole. The process comprises the following step: with p-methoxyaniline as a raw material, reacting p-methoxyaniline with hydroxyacetone under the action of a catalyst to obtain the 5-methoxy-2-methylindole. According to the invention, reaction yield is high, and product purity is high.
Synthesis method for preparing 2-substituted indole derivative
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Paragraph 0235-0241, (2019/05/28)
The invention relates to a synthesis method for preparing a 2-substituted indole derivative. The method includes the following steps: mixing aromatic amine compounds (I), ketone compounds (II) and a drying agent in an organic solvent; adding a palladium catalyst; and reacting in an aerobic weak acid environment to prepare the indole compounds (III). (I), (II) and (III) are as shown in the specification, wherein R1 is selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkanoyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted amino, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, pyridyl and heterocyclic aryl; (I) can be pyridylamine, pyrimidylamine, pyridazinam or pyrazinamide which may further be substituted or unsubstituted; and the substituents are selected fromone or more C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 alkoxy, C1-C6 alkanoyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, hydroxyl, amino; and R2 is selected from C1-C6 alkyl, formate groups or C1-C6 alkylamide groups.
Synthesis of Functionalized Indoles via Palladium-Catalyzed Aerobic Cycloisomerization of o-Allylanilines Using Organic Redox Cocatalyst
Ning, Xiao-Shan,Wang, Mei-Mei,Qu, Jian-Ping,Kang, Yan-Biao
, p. 13523 - 13529 (2018/10/25)
A scalable and practical synthesis of functionalized indoles via Pd-tBuONO cocatalyzed aerobic cycloisomerization of o-allylanilines is reported. Using molecular oxygen as a terminal oxidant, a series of substituted indoles were prepared in moderate to good yields. The avoidance of hazardous oxidants, heavy-metal cocatalysts, and high boiling point solvents such as DMF and DMSO enables this method to be applied in pharmaceutical synthesis. A practical gram-scale synthesis of indomethacin demonstrates its application potential.
Tandem Wittig – Reductive annulation decarboxylation approach for the synthesis of indole and 2-substituted indoles
Volvoikar, Prajesh S.,Tilve
supporting information, p. 1851 - 1854 (2018/04/14)
A simple tandem Wittig reaction-reductive decarboxylation route is established for the synthesis of indoles from commercially available o-nitrobenzaldehydes and a stable phosphorane. The method allows access to indoles in a very fast manner without involving any metal or expensive reagents or inert atmosphere. Also 2-substituted indoles are obtained which forms an important core of many biological active compounds.
Pd-tBuONO Cocatalyzed Aerobic Indole Synthesis
Ning, Xiao-Shan,Liang, Xin,Hu, Kang-Fei,Yao, Chuan-Zhi,Qu, Jian-Ping,Kang, Yan-Biao
supporting information, p. 1590 - 1594 (2018/04/30)
A Pd-tBuONO co-catalyzed scalable and practical synthesis of indoles with molecular oxygen as terminal oxidant is developed. Either terminal or internal 2-vinylanilines could be smoothly converted to desired indoles under one general condition. This method has been evaluated in the large scale synthesis of indomethacin and a potential anti-breast cancer drug candidate 1. (Figure presented.).
Carboxylic Acid-Promoted Single-Step Indole Construction from Simple Anilines and Ketones via Aerobic Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling
Ren, Long,Nan, Guanglei,Wang, Yongcheng,Xiao, Zhiyan
, p. 14472 - 14488 (2018/11/23)
The cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reaction is an efficient strategy for indole synthesis. However, most CDC methods require special substrates, and the presence of inherent groups limits the versatility for further transformation. A carboxylic acid-promoted aerobic catalytic system is developed herein for a single-step synthesis of indoles from simple anilines and ketones. This versatile system is featured by the broad substrate scope and the use of ambient oxygen as an oxidant and is convenient and economical for both laboratory and industry applications. The existence of the labile hydrogen at C-3 and the highly transformable carbonyl at C-2 makes the indoles versatile building blocks for organic synthesis in different contexts. Computational studies based on the density functional theory (DFT) suggest that the rate-determining step is carboxylic acid-assisted condensation of the substrates, rather than the functionalization of aryl C-H. Accordingly, a pathway via imine intermediates is deemed to be the preferred mechanism. In contrast to the general deduction, the in situ formed imine, instead of its enamine isomer, is believed to be involved in the first ligand exchange and later carbopalladation of the α-Me, which shed new light on this indolization mechanism.
Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidation-Hydroxylation and Oxidation-Methoxylation of N -Boc Indoles for the Synthesis of 3-Oxoindolines
Zhou, Xiao-Yu,Chen, Xia,Wang, Liang-Guang,Yang, Dan,Li, Zhi
supporting information, p. 3662 - 3669 (2017/08/15)
The palladium-catalyzed oxidation-hydroxylation and oxidation-methoxylation of N -Boc indoles for the synthesis of tert -butyl 2-hydroxy(methoxy)-3-oxoindoline-1-carboxylates and their derivatives is developed. The process occurs readily using PdCl 2 as the catalyst and acetonitrile as the solvent to afford 3-oxoindolines in moderate to high yields. A mechanism for this Pd-catalyzed oxidation-hydroxylation and oxidation-methoxylation of N -Boc indoles is proposed.
Discovery of a First-in-Class, Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable Inhibitor of the p97 AAA ATPase (CB-5083)
Zhou, Han-Jie,Wang, Jinhai,Yao, Bing,Wong, Steve,Djakovic, Stevan,Kumar, Brajesh,Rice, Julie,Valle, Eduardo,Soriano, Ferdie,Menon, Mary-Kamala,Madriaga, Antonett,Kiss Von Soly, Szerenke,Kumar, Abhinav,Parlati, Francesco,Yakes, F. Michael,Shawver, Laura,Le Moigne, Ronan,Anderson, Daniel J.,Rolfe, Mark,Wustrow, David
, p. 9480 - 9497 (2016/01/12)
The AAA-ATPase p97 plays vital roles in mechanisms of protein homeostasis, including ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) mediated protein degradation, endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD), and autophagy. Herein we describe our lead optimization efforts focused on in vitro potency, ADME, and pharmaceutical properties that led to the discovery of a potent, ATP-competitive, D2-selective, and orally bioavailable p97 inhibitor 71, CB-5083. Treatment of tumor cells with 71 leads to significant accumulation of markers associated with inhibition of UPS and ERAD functions, which induces irresolvable proteotoxic stress and cell death. In tumor bearing mice, oral administration of 71 causes rapid accumulation of markers of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and subsequently induces apoptosis leading to sustained antitumor activity in in vivo xenograft models of both solid and hematological tumors. 71 has been taken into phase 1 clinical trials in patients with multiple myeloma and solid tumors.
