1129-35-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Copper-catalyzed cyanation of aryl iodides with α-cyanoacetates via C-CN bond activation
Zhang, Song-Lin,Huang, Lu
, p. 9963 - 9968 (2015)
A Cu(i)-catalyzed cyanation reaction of aryl iodides with α-cyanoacetates is reported herein, which uses α-cyanoacetates as the nontoxic and easy-handling CN source through copper-mediated C-CN bond cleavage. This reaction enables access to aryl nitriles with an array of functional groups on the aromatic ring in good to excellent yields.
Open air palladium catalyzed cyanation-the use of PMHS to protect from oxygen
Martin, Michael T.,Liu, Bing,Cooley Jr., Bobby E.,Eaddy, John F.
, p. 2555 - 2557 (2007)
PMHS (polymethylhydrosiloxane) used in catalytic amounts has a remarkable ability to prevent catalyst poisoning by oxygen contamination during palladium catalyzed cyanation reactions. The procedure is applicable to a wide range of substrates and is so effective that it allows the reactions to be run fully open to the atmosphere.
Dependence of intramolecular dissociative electron transfer rates on driving force in Donor-Spacer-Acceptor systems
Antonello, Sabrina,Maran, Flavio
, p. 5713 - 5722 (1998)
The voltammetric reduction of a series of phenyl-substituted 4- benzoyloxy-1-methylcyclohexyl bromides has been investigated in DMF. The reduction leads to the cleavage of the C-Br bond. On a thermodynamic ground, the direct reduction of the tertiary C-Br function is easier than that of the selected benzoates by at least 0.5 V. However, since the direct reduction of bromides is affected by a large activation overpotential, the electron is first located in the benzoate moiety. The rate constant for the following exergonic intramolecular dissociative electron transfer was determined by kinetic analysis of the cyclic voltammetry curves. The intermolecular rate constants for the reaction between the radical anions of methyl benzoates and 4-tert-butyl-1-methylcyclohexyl bromide were also determined and found to correlate very well with related literature data pertaining to tert-butyl bromide. The intramolecular rate constants were found to be more sensitive to variation of driving force than the corresponding intermolecular data. This result can be attributed to a shift of the center of the π* orbital of the radical anion donor away from the acceptor moiety, the shift being larger for the most easily reduced donors. The resulting distance increase is therefore envisaged as responsible for a more rapid rate drop, compared to the intermolecular pattern, when smaller driving forces are considered.
New method for the synthesis of nitriles from o-arylaldoximes with ZrCl4
Tsuji, Chiho,Miyazawa, Etsuko,Sakamoto, Takeshi,Kikugawa, Yasuo
, p. 3871 - 3879 (2002)
Nitriles were readily synthesized from the corresponding O-phenyl- or O-(p-cyanophenyl)-aldoximes with ZrCl4 in nitromethane or in benzene.
A facile and efficient [bmim]N3 catalyzed direct oxidative esterification of arylaldehydes with alcohols
Valizadeh, Hassan,Ahmadi, Mina
, p. 1077 - 1080 (2012)
Task-specific ionic liquid, [bmim]N3 was used as an effective catalyst and reaction medium for the direct oxidative esterification of arylaldehydes with alcohols. The oxidative esterification reaction of a variety of arylaldehydes took place smoothly with some primary and secondary alcohols in [bmim]N3. Satisfactory results were obtained with arylaldehydes containing electron withdrawing groups. Tertiary alcohols did not react under these conditions.
Palladium-catalyzed cyanation of aryl and heteroaryl iodides with copper(i) cyanide
Sakamoto, Takao,Ohsawa, Kazutoshi
, p. 2323 - 2326 (1999)
The palladium-catalyzed cyanation of aryl and heteroaryl iodides or bromides using copper(i) cyanide as a cyano group source afforded the corresponding aryl and heteroaryl cyanides in good yields.
Cyanation of aromatic/vinylic boronic acids with α-cyanoacetates
Wang, Xian-Jin,Zhang, Song-Lin
, p. 14826 - 14830 (2017)
A friendly protocol is reported to achieve cyanation of aromatic and vinylic boronic acids using nontoxic and readily available α-cyanoacetates as a cyano source under aerobic conditions. Many aryl/vinyl boronic acids (as well as some iodides and bromides) are amenable substrates to give aryl nitriles and acrylonitriles. This cyanation method provides a safe and operationally convenient alternative to traditional ones requiring toxic cyanide salts.
Copper-mediated cyanation of aryl halides by activation of benzyl cyanide as the cyanide source
Wen, Qiaodong,Jin, Jisong,Mei, Yuncai,Lu, Ping,Wang, Yanguang
, p. 4032 - 4036 (2013)
Aryl nitriles were efficiently synthesized through copper-mediated cyanation of aryl halides using benzyl cyanide as the cyanide source. Aryl halides with various substituents on the aromatic ring afforded the corresponding aryl nitriles in 32-97 % yields (25 examples). This reaction could also be carried on a gram scale by using commercially available reagents. Additionally, a C-H bond oxidation and a C-CN cleavage are proposed to be involved in this cascade process. An efficient, copper-mediated cascade synthesis of aryl nitriles from aryl halides using benzyl cyanide as the cyanide source is described. Compared with traditional copper-mediated cyanation reactions, this approach effectively avoided the use of toxic MCN and low soluble reagents. Furthermore, C-H oxidation and C-CN cleavage are proposed to be involved in this cascade process. Copyright
Copper-mediated cyanation of aryl boronic acids using benzyl cyanide
Luo, Yan,Wen, Qiaodong,Wu, Zhiyuan,Jin, Jisong,Lu, Ping,Wang, Yanguang
, p. 8400 - 8404 (2013)
An efficient copper-mediated synthesis of aryl nitriles from aryl boronic acids has been achieved using benzyl cyanide as a user-friendly cyanide source. Various aryl boronic acids underwent the reaction smoothly, affording the corresponding aryl nitriles in moderate to good yields. tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) was found to be a critical agent facilitating the cyanation reaction.
Palladium-catalyzed, copper(I)-mediated coupling of boronic acids and benzylthiocyanate. A cyanide-free cyanation of boronic acids
Zhang, Zhihui,Liebeskind, Lanny S.
, p. 4331 - 4333 (2006)
(Equation Presented) A new method for the synthesis of nitriles is described. As a complement to the classic cyanation of aryl halides using cyanide sources and a transition metal catalyst, the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of thiocyanates with boronic acids in the presence of copper(I) thiophene-2-carboxylate (CuTC) affords nitriles in good to excellent yields.
