13984-50-4Relevant articles and documents
Production of methyl levulinate from cellulose: Selectivity and mechanism study
Ding, Daqian,Xi, Jinxu,Wang, Jianjian,Liu, Xiaohui,Lu, Guanzhong,Wang, Yanqin
, p. 4037 - 4044 (2015)
The alcoholysis of cellulose into methyl levulinate (ML) in methanol media was investigated in the presence of several kinds of acid catalyst. One of the synthesized solid niobium-based phosphate catalysts was found to be highly efficient for the generation of ML, reaching an ML yield as high as 56%, higher than the LA yield (52%) in aqueous solution with the same reaction conditions as those used in our previous study (Green Chem., 2014, 16, 3846-3853). More interestingly, in water, very strong Lewis acid promoted the formation of LA; but in methanol, Br?nsted acid enhanced the formation of ML. In-depth investigation showed that the mechanism and type of intermediates of cellulose alcoholysis in methanol were different from those in water and a high Br?nsted/Lewis acid ratio (known as B/L acid ratio) of solid catalysts is needed to prevent the generation of by-products, namely, methyl lactate and 1,1,2-trimethoxyethane. This new-proposed reaction mechanism affected by the B/L acid ratio was very helpful for the design of efficient catalysts.
Oxidation of 2-alkylcycloalkanones with iodine-cerium(IV) salts in alcohols
He, Liangyou,Kanamori, Miyuki,Horiuchi, C. Akira
, p. 122 - 123 (1999)
The reaction of 2-alkylcycloalkanones with iodine-cerium(IV) salts in alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol or propan-2-ol) gave the respective oxo ester in 28-98% yields.
Efficient conversion of levulinic acid into alkyl levulinates catalyzed by sulfonic mesostructured silicas
Melero,Morales,Iglesias,Paniagua,Hernández,Penedo
, p. 116 - 122 (2013)
Abstract Sulfonic mesoporous silicas have demonstrated an outstanding catalytic performance in the esterification of levulinic acid with different alcohols to produce alkyl levulinates, a family of chemicals considered to be excellent oxygenated fuel extenders for gasoline, diesel and biodiesel. Catalyst screening indicated that propylsulfonic acid-modified SBA-15 material was the most active one, among tested materials, due to a combination of moderately strong sulfonic acid sites with relative high surface hydrophobicity. Under optimized reaction conditions (T = 117°C, ethanol/levulinic acid molar ratio = 4.86/1 and catalyst/levulinic acid = 7 wt%) almost 100% of levulinic acid conversion was achieved after 2 h of reaction, being negligible the presence of levulinic acid by-products or ethers coming from intermolecular dehydration of alcohols. The catalyst has been reused, without any regeneration treatment, up to three times keeping almost the high initial activity. Interestingly, a close catalytic performance to that achieved using ethanol has been obtained with bulkier alcohols.
Novel Method for Generation of an Organotin Enolate by the Cleavage of Diketene with Bis(tributyltin) Oxide, and its Michael Reactions
Shibata, Ikuya,Nishio, Masahiro,Baba, Akio,Matsuda, Haruo
, p. 1067 - 1068 (1993)
Generation of a novel type of organotin enolate has been accomplished by the regioselective ring cleavage of diketene with bis(tributyltin) oxide; the enolate afforded the first example of Michael addition in reactions using organotin(IV) enolates.
Synthesis method of 4-acetyl butyrate compound
-
Paragraph 0028; 0034-0039, (2021/04/17)
The invention discloses a synthetic method of a 4-acetyl butyrate compound, and relates to the technical field of chemical synthesis, and the synthetic method comprises the following steps: taking acetone as a reaction solvent and a reactant to react with an acrylate compound under the catalytic action of tetrahydropyrrole; and after the reaction is finished, carrying out post-treatment on the reaction liquid to prepare the 4-acetyl butyrate compound. The method has the advantages of simple reaction system, environment friendliness, cheap and easily available raw materials, simple post-treatment operation, and no need of column chromatography purification, and is beneficial for industrial production.
Preparation method of delta-caprolactone
-
Paragraph 0064; 0083-0084; 0086-0087; 0089-0092, (2021/08/25)
The invention relates to a preparation method of delta-caprolactone. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a beta-dicarbonyl compound and a basic catalyst in a solvent, and conducting preheating; dropwise adding alkyl acrylate into a reaction system for a Michael addition reaction; cooling the system, adding alkali, and then heating the reaction system for saponification reaction; adding water, cooling the system, and adding a reducing agent for reaction; and cooling the system, adjusting the pH value with acid, and carrying out post-treatment to obtain the delta-caprolactone. The method disclosed by the invention is simple in process operation, high in safety, high in raw material utilization rate, short in total consumed time and free of generation of carbon dioxide.