1657-50-7Relevant articles and documents
On the involvement of palladium nanoparticles in the Heck and Suzuki reactions
Tsvelikhovsky, Dmitry,Popov, Inna,Gutkin, Vitaly,Rozin, Alina,Shvartsman, Azariya,Blum, Jochanan
, p. 98 - 102 (2009)
We describe two different pathways by which palladium-catalyzed Heck and Suzuki coupling reactions take place. When sol-gel entrapped palladium acetate was used as a catalyst, the reactions proceed by the formation of metallic nanoparticles. Such particle
Ultrasound promoted C-C bond formation: Heck reaction at ambient conditions in room temperature ionic liquids
Deshmukh,Rajagopal,Srinivasan
, p. 1544 - 1545 (2001)
Heck reaction proceeds at ambient temperature (30 °C) with considerably enhanced reaction rate (1.5-3 h) through the formation of Pd-biscarbene complexes and stabilized clusters of zero-valent Pd nanoparticles in ionic liquids under ultrasonic irradiation.
NiFe2O4@SiO2@ZrO2/SO42-/Cu/Co nanoparticles: A novel, efficient, magnetically recyclable and bimetallic catalyst for Pd-free Suzuki, Heck and C-N cross-coupling reactions in aqueous media
Alavi G., Seyyedeh Ameneh,Nasseri, Mohammad Ali,Kazemnejadi, Milad,Allahresani, Ali,Hussainzadeh, Mahdi
, p. 7741 - 7757 (2021/05/13)
The novel heterogeneous bimetallic nanoparticles of Cu-Co were synthesized based on magnetic nanoparticles, and the magnetic nanocatalyst was characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, EDX mapping, BET, TEM, HRTEM, FTIR, TGA, and VSM. This catalyst was successfully applied as a recyclable magnetically catalyst in Heck, Suzuki, and C-N cross-coupling reactions with various aryl halides (iodides, bromides, and chlorides as challengeable substrates), with olefins, phenylboronic acid, and amines, respectively. We considered the rise of synergetic effects from the different Lewis acid and Br?nsted acid sites present in the catalyst. The catalyst was synthesized with cheap, available materials and a simple synthesis method. The catalyst can be separated easily using an external magnet. It was recycled for more than ten runs without a sensible loss of its catalytic activity, and no significant leaching of the Cu and Co quantity was observed. The significant benefits of the method are high-level generality, simple operation, and there are no heavy metals and toxic solvents. This is a quick, easy, efficacious and environmentally friendly protocol, and no by-products are formed in the reaction. These features make it an appropriate practical alternative protocol. In comparison with recent works, the other advantage of this catalyst is the synthesis of a wide variety of C-C and C-N bond derivatives (more than 40 derivatives). The other significant advantage is the low temperature of the reaction and the use of the least possible amount of the catalyst (0.003 g). The efficiency was good to excellent and the catalyst selectivity has been high. We aspire that our study inspires more interest to design novel catalysts based on using low-cost metal ions (such as cobalt and copper) in the cross-coupling reactions. This journal is
Introduction of a Recyclable Basic Ionic Solvent with Bis-(NHC) Ligand Property and The Possibility of Immobilization on Magnetite for Ligand- and Base-Free Pd-Catalyzed Heck, Suzuki and Sonogashira Cross-Coupling Reactions in Water
Min, Qingwang,Miao, Penghua,Chu, Deyu,Liu, Jinghan,Qi, Meijuan,Kazemnejadi, Milad
, p. 3030 - 3047 (2021/02/16)
A new versatile and recyclable NHC ligand precursor has been developed with ligand, base, and solvent functionalities for the efficient Pd-catalyzed Heck, Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling reactions under mild conditions. Furthermore, NHC ligand precursor was immobilized on magnetite and its catalytic activity was also evaluated towards the coupling reactions as a heterogeneous catalyst. The NHC ligand precursor was prepared with imidazolium functionalization of TCT followed by a simple ion exchange by hydroxide ions. However, the results revealed an excellent catalytic activity for the both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalytic systems. 1.52?g.cm?3 and 1194 cP was obtained for the density and viscosity of the NHC ligand precursor respectively. On the other hand, the heterogeneous type could be readily recovered from the reaction mixture and reused for several times while preserving its properties. Heterogeneous nature of the magnetic catalyst was studied by hot filtration, mercury poisoning, and three-phase tests. High to excellent yields were obtained for all entries for the both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, which reflects the high consistency of the catalyst. Graphic Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]
