1798-20-5Relevant articles and documents
Organic ligand and solvent free oxidative carbonylation of amine over Pd/TiO2 with unprecedented activity
Liu, Shujuan,Dai, Xingchao,Wang, Hongli,Shi, Feng
supporting information, p. 4040 - 4045 (2019/08/07)
A highly active Pd/TiO2 catalyst system was prepared and applied in the oxidative carbonylation of amines to ureas with ultra-low Pd content under organic ligand and solvent free conditions. The catalytic turnover frequencies (TOFs, moles of amines converted per mole of Pd per h) were 126000 and 250000 h-1 for the production of diphenylurea and dibenzylurea, respectively. An expanded substrate scope including the electron-rich and electron-deficient anilines, primary aliphatic amines, secondary amines was also established. This work offers a straightforward, step economic, and green methodology for the efficient synthesis of valuable ureas.
Organic ligand-free carbonylation reactions with unsupported bulk Pd as catalyst
Liu, Shujuan,Wang, Hongli,Dai, Xingchao,Shi, Feng
supporting information, p. 3457 - 3462 (2018/08/06)
Herein, surprising results for bulk Pd-catalyzed carbonylation reactions are presented. Three types of carbonylation reactions can be realized efficiently under organic ligand-free conditions, namely, hydroaminocarbonylation of olefins, aminocarbonylation of aryl iodides and oxidative carbonylation of amines, which almost cover all the known mechanisms in carbonylation reactions. Notably, the bulk Pd catalyst system exhibited better catalytic activity than the classical homogeneous PdCl2/(2-OMePh)3P catalyst system. This study will create a momentous and new field of green carbonylation reactions.
Well-Defined Cesium Benzotriazolide as an Active Catalyst for Generating Disubstituted Ureas from Carbon Dioxide and Amines
Truong, Cong Chien,Kim, Jin,Lee, Yunho,Kim, Yong Jin
, p. 247 - 252 (2017/02/05)
The reaction of alkali metal carbonates with various azole compounds produced a new series of alkali metal azolides, and they were applied as active catalysts for the production of disubstituted ureas from the carboxylation of various amines with CO2. Among them, cesium benzotriazolide (Cs[BTd]) was found to be the most active for the carboxylation reaction and was structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure of highly hygroscopic Cs[BTd] was found to be [BTA]???Cs[BTd], which explains why it is a water-tolerant active species for this carboxylation reaction, leading to a maximum turnover frequency of 344 h?1 as well as high recyclability even after five successive runs.