210907-84-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Glycan-Directed Grafting-from Polymerization of Immunoglobulin G: Site-Selectively Modified IgG-Polymer Conjugates with Preserved Biological Activity
Chou, Chih-Hung,Lin, Po-Chiao
, p. 3086 - 3095 (2018)
Antibody and related antibody drugs for the treatment of malignancies have led to progress in targeted cancer therapy. Preparation of diverse antibody conjugates is critical for preclinical and clinical applications. However, precise control in tagging molecules at specific locations on antibodies is essential to preserve their native function. In this study, a synthetic boronic acid (BA)-tosyl initiator was used to trigger a glycan-directed modification of IgGs, and the obtained IgG macroinitiators allowed a growth of the poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm) chains specifically at Fc-domains. Therefore, the PNIPAAm chains are located away from the critical antigen-binding domains (Fab), which could reasonably prevent the loss of biological activity after the attachment of polymer chains. According to the proposed strategy, a site-selectively modified anticoncanavalin A (Con A) antibody-PNIPAAm conjugate showed 6-times higher efficiency in the binding of targeted Con A antigen to a randomly conjugated anti-Con A antibody-PNIPAAm conjugate. In this study, we developed the first chemical strategy for the site-specific preparation of IgG-polymer conjugates with conserved biological activity as well as intact glycan structures.
Discovery of Branebrutinib (BMS-986195): A Strategy for Identifying a Highly Potent and Selective Covalent Inhibitor Providing Rapid in Vivo Inactivation of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK)
Watterson, Scott H.,Liu, Qingjie,Beaudoin Bertrand, Myra,Batt, Douglas G.,Li, Ling,Pattoli, Mark A.,Skala, Stacey,Cheng, Lihong,Obermeier, Mary T.,Moore, Robin,Yang, Zheng,Vickery, Rodney,Elzinga, Paul A.,Discenza, Lorell,D'Arienzo, Celia,Gillooly, Kathleen M.,Taylor, Tracy L.,Pulicicchio, Claudine,Zhang, Yifan,Heimrich, Elizabeth,McIntyre, Kim W.,Ruan, Qian,Westhouse, Richard A.,Catlett, Ian M.,Zheng, Naiyu,Chaudhry, Charu,Dai, Jun,Galella, Michael A.,Tebben, Andrew J.,Pokross, Matt,Li, Jianqing,Zhao, Rulin,Smith, Daniel,Rampulla, Richard,Allentoff, Alban,Wallace, Michael A.,Mathur, Arvind,Salter-Cid, Luisa,Macor, John E.,Carter, Percy H.,Fura, Aberra,Burke, James R.,Tino, Joseph A.
, (2019)
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is a member of the Tec family of kinases and is essential for B cell receptor (BCR) mediated signaling. BTK also plays a critical role in the downstream signaling pathways for the Fcγ receptor in monocytes, the Fc receptor in granulocytes, and the RANK receptor in osteoclasts. As a result, pharmacological inhibition of BTK is anticipated to provide an effective strategy for the clinical treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. This article will outline the evolution of our strategy to identify a covalent, irreversible inhibitor of BTK that has the intrinsic potency, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties necessary to provide a rapid rate of inactivation systemically following a very low dose. With excellent in vivo efficacy and a very desirable tolerability profile, 5a (branebrutinib, BMS-986195) has advanced into clinical studies.
Tuning the sugar-response of boronic acid block copolymers
Cambre, Jennifer N.,Roy, Debashish,Sumerlin, Brent S.
, p. 3373 - 3382 (2012)
A detailed study of the pH- and sugar-responsive behavior of poly(3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid pinacol ester)-b-poly(N,N- dimethylacrylamide) (PAPBAE-b-PDMA) block copolymers is presented. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of the pinacol ester of 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid resulted in homopolymers with molecular weights between 12,000 and 37,000 g/mol. The resulting homopolymers were employed as macro-chain transfer agents during the polymerization of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA). Successful chain extension and removal of the pinacol protecting groups to yield poly(3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid)-b-PDMA (PAPBA-b-PDMA) with free boronic acid moieties resulted in pH- and sugar-responsive block copolymers that were subsequently investigated for their behavior in aqueous solution. The PAPBA-b-PDMA block copolymers were capable of solution self-assembly due to the PAPBA block being water-insoluble below its pKa. The resulting aggregates were demonstrated to solubilize and release model hydrophobic compounds, as demonstrated by fluorescence studies. Dissociation of the aggregates was induced by raising the pH above the pK a of the boronic acid residues or by adding sugars capable of forming boronate esters. Aggregate size, dissociation kinetics, and the effect of various sugars were considered. The critical sugar concentration needed to induce aggregate dissociation was tuned by incorporation of hydrophilic DMA units within the PAPBA responsive segment to yield PDMA-b-poly(3- acrylamidophenylboronic acid-co-DMA) block copolymers.
Water-Soluble Polymeric Probes for the pH-Tunable Fluorometric Detection of Hydrogen Peroxide
Annisa, Tiara Nur,Lee, Hyung-il
, p. 537 - 541 (2020)
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important reactive oxygen species (ROS) that plays a significant role in many biological systems. A new water-soluble polymeric probe appended with pyrene and boronic acid groups was designed and synthesized for the detection of H2O2. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) were copolymerized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization to yield poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-dimethylacrylamide) [p(GMA-co-DMA)](P1). The subsequent ring-opening reaction between the secondary amine of (3-((pyren-1-ylmethyl)amino)phenyl)boronic acid with the epoxide unit of P1 yielded a target polymer, P2. In the presence of H2O2, the phenyl boronic acid group of P2 transformed to a phenol group, which was accompanied by turn-off fluorescence. P2 also exhibited pH-tunable detection sensitivity. This polymeric probe is anticipated to promote the development of stimuli-responsive water-soluble polymers with fluorescence-sensing behaviors.
Development and Application of Efficient Ag-based Hydrogenation Catalysts Prepared from Rice Husk Waste
Unglaube, Felix,Kreyenschulte, Carsten Robert,Mejía, Esteban
, p. 2583 - 2591 (2021/04/09)
The development of strategies for the sustainable management and valorization of agricultural waste is of outmost importance. With this in mind, we report the use of rice husk (RH) as feedstock for the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogenation reactions. The catalysts were prepared by impregnating the milled RH with a silver nitrate solution followed by carbothermal reduction. The composition and morphology of the prepared catalysts were fully assessed by IR, AAS, ICP-MS, XPS, XRD and STEM techniques. This novel bio-genic silver-based catalysts showed excellent activity and remarkable selectivity in the hydrogenation of nitro groups in both aromatic and aliphatic substrates, even in the presence of reactive functionalities like halogens, carbonyls, borate esters or nitriles. Recycling experiments showed that the catalysts can be easily recovered and reused multiple times without significant drop in performance and without requiring re-activation.
Nickel-Catalyzed Ipso-Borylation of Silyloxyarenes via C-O Bond Activation
Pein, Wesley L.,Wiensch, Eric M.,Montgomery, John
supporting information, (2021/06/28)
The conversion of silyloxyarenes to boronic acid pinacol esters via nickel catalysis is described. In contrast to other borylation protocols of inert C-O bonds, the method is competent in activating the carbon-oxygen bond of silyloxyarenes in isolated aromatic systems lacking a directing group. The catalytic functionalization of benzyl silyl ethers was also achieved under these conditions. Sequential cross-coupling reactions were achieved by leveraging the orthogonal reactivity of silyloxyarenes, which could then be functionalized subsequently.
Photo-induced thiolate catalytic activation of inert Caryl-hetero bonds for radical borylation
K?nig, Burkhard,Wang, Hua,Wang, Shun
supporting information, p. 1653 - 1665 (2021/06/17)
Substantial effort is currently being devoted to obtaining photoredox catalysts with high redox power. Yet, it remains challenging to apply the currently established methods to the activation of bonds with high bond dissociation energy and to substrates with high reduction potentials. Herein, we introduce a novel photocatalytic strategy for the activation of inert substituted arenes for aryl borylation by using thiolate as a catalyst. This catalytic system exhibits strong reducing ability and engages non-activated Caryl–F, Caryl–X, Caryl–O, Caryl–N, and Caryl–S bonds in productive radical borylation reactions, thus expanding the available aryl radical precursor scope. Despite its high reducing power, the method has a broad substrate scope and good functional-group tolerance. Spectroscopic investigations and control experiments suggest the formation of a charge-transfer complex as the key step to activate the substrates.
Visible Light-Induced Borylation of C-O, C-N, and C-X Bonds
Arman, Hadi D.,Dang, Hang. T.,Haug, Graham C.,He, Ru,Jin, Shengfei,Larionov, Oleg V.,Nguyen, Viet D.,Nguyen, Vu T.,Schanze, Kirk S.
supporting information, (2020/02/04)
Boronic acids are centrally important functional motifs and synthetic precursors. Visible light-induced borylation may provide access to structurally diverse boronates, but a broadly efficient photocatalytic borylation method that can effect borylation of a wide range of substrates, including strong C-O bonds, remains elusive. Herein, we report a general, metal-free visible light-induced photocatalytic borylation platform that enables borylation of electron-rich derivatives of phenols and anilines, chloroarenes, as well as other haloarenes. The reaction exhibits excellent functional group tolerance, as demonstrated by the borylation of a range of structurally complex substrates. Remarkably, the reaction is catalyzed by phenothiazine, a simple organic photocatalyst with MW 200 that mediates the previously unachievable visible light-induced single electron reduction of phenol derivatives with reduction potentials as negative as approximately - 3 V versus SCE by a proton-coupled electron transfer mechanism. Mechanistic studies point to the crucial role of the photocatalyst-base interaction.
Discovery of a novel class of covalent dual inhibitors targeting the protein kinases bmx and btk
Forster, Michael,Liang, Xiaojun Julia,Schr?der, Martin,Gerstenecker, Stefan,Chaikuad, Apirat,Knapp, Stefan,Laufer, Stefan,Gehringer, Matthias
, p. 1 - 36 (2020/12/15)
The nonreceptor tyrosine TEC kinases are key regulators of the immune system and play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of diverse hematological malignancies. In contrast to the substantial efforts in inhibitor development for Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), specific inhibitors of the other TEC kinases, including the bone marrow tyrosine kinase on chromosome X (BMX), remain sparse. Here we present a novel class of dual BMX/BTK inhibitors, which were designed from irreversible inhibitors of Janus kinase (JAK) 3 targeting a cysteine located within the solvent-exposed front region of the ATP binding pocket. Structure-guided design exploiting the differences in the gatekeeper residues enabled the achievement of high selectivity over JAK3 and certain other kinases harboring a sterically demanding residue at this position. The most active compounds inhibited BMX and BTK with apparent IC50 values in the single digit nanomolar range or below showing moderate selectivity within the TEC family and potent cellular target engagement. These compounds represent an important first step towards selective chemical probes for the protein kinase BMX.
Discovery of Branebrutinib (BMS-986195): A Strategy for Identifying a Highly Potent and Selective Covalent Inhibitor Providing Rapid in Vivo Inactivation of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK)
Watterson, Scott H.,Liu, Qingjie,Beaudoin Bertrand, Myra,Batt, Douglas G.,Li, Ling,Pattoli, Mark A.,Skala, Stacey,Cheng, Lihong,Obermeier, Mary T.,Moore, Robin,Yang, Zheng,Vickery, Rodney,Elzinga, Paul A.,Discenza, Lorell,D'Arienzo, Celia,Gillooly, Kathleen M.,Taylor, Tracy L.,Pulicicchio, Claudine,Zhang, Yifan,Heimrich, Elizabeth,McIntyre, Kim W.,Ruan, Qian,Westhouse, Richard A.,Catlett, Ian M.,Zheng, Naiyu,Chaudhry, Charu,Dai, Jun,Galella, Michael A.,Tebben, Andrew J.,Pokross, Matt,Li, Jianqing,Zhao, Rulin,Smith, Daniel,Rampulla, Richard,Allentoff, Alban,Wallace, Michael A.,Mathur, Arvind,Salter-Cid, Luisa,Macor, John E.,Carter, Percy H.,Fura, Aberra,Burke, James R.,Tino, Joseph A.
, p. 3228 - 3250 (2019/04/17)
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is a member of the Tec family of kinases and is essential for B cell receptor (BCR) mediated signaling. BTK also plays a critical role in the downstream signaling pathways for the Fcγ receptor in monocytes, the Fc receptor in granulocytes, and the RANK receptor in osteoclasts. As a result, pharmacological inhibition of BTK is anticipated to provide an effective strategy for the clinical treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. This article will outline the evolution of our strategy to identify a covalent, irreversible inhibitor of BTK that has the intrinsic potency, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties necessary to provide a rapid rate of inactivation systemically following a very low dose. With excellent in vivo efficacy and a very desirable tolerability profile, 5a (branebrutinib, BMS-986195) has advanced into clinical studies.
