218632-21-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
The association of like-charged ions in tunable protic pyrazolium salts
?ahin, Onur,Aktan, Ebru,Canbulat ?zdemir, Melek
, (2021)
The association of like-charged ions is an elusive concept due to the lack of supporting experimental evidence. In the present work, 3,5-dimethyl-1-(p-substitutedphenyl)pyrazolium hexafluorophosphate (p-Cl (2a), p-Br (2b), p-OCH3 (2c)) tunable
Preparation method of pyrazole derivative
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Paragraph 0053-0057; 0074-0077, (2022/04/09)
The present invention discloses a method for preparing a pyrazole derivative. The method comprises the following steps: the arylhydrazine derivative is mixed with an alkyldione derivative, reaction, to obtain a pyrazole derivative; wherein the structure of the arylhydrazine derivative is as follows: the structure of the alkyldione derivative is as follows: the structure of the pyrazole derivative provided by the present invention is green safe, simple and efficient, mild conditions, no catalyst, low cost, high synthesis efficiency. This method can synthesize a variety of 1,3,4,5-tetra-substituted pyrazole derivatives, and the method can be widely used in the field of organic synthesis.
Direct Preparation of N-Substituted Pyrazoles from Primary Aliphatic or Aromatic Amines
Gulia, Nurbey,Ma?ecki, Marcin,Szafert, S?awomir
, p. 9353 - 9359 (2021/07/26)
Despite a large number of synthesis procedures for pyrazoles known today, those directly employing primary amines as substrates are rare. Herein, we report an original method for the preparation of N-alkyl and N-aryl pyrazoles from primary aliphatic or aromatic amines as a limiting reagent of the reaction. The protocol utilizes no inorganic reagents and requires a short reaction time, mild conditions, and the use of structurally simple and commercially available starting reagents. During this study, pyrazoles containing a wide variety of N-substituents were obtained using the same procedure for both aliphatic and aromatic amines.
Cross-Coupling between Hydrazine and Aryl Halides with Hydroxide Base at Low Loadings of Palladium by Rate-Determining Deprotonation of Bound Hydrazine
Borate, Kailaskumar,Choi, Kyoungmin,Goetz, Roland,Hartwig, John F.,Shinde, Harish,Wang, Justin Y.,Zuend, Stephan J.
supporting information, p. 399 - 408 (2020/10/29)
Reported here is the Pd-catalyzed C–N coupling of hydrazine with (hetero)aryl chlorides and bromides to form aryl hydrazines with catalyst loadings as low as 100 ppm of Pd and KOH as base. Mechanistic studies revealed two catalyst resting states: an arylpalladium(II) hydroxide and arylpalladium(II) chloride. These compounds are present in two interconnected catalytic cycles and react with hydrazine and base or hydrazine alone to give the product. The selectivity of the hydroxide complex with hydrazine to form aryl over diaryl hydrazine was lower than that of the chloride complex, as well as the catalytic reaction. In contrast, the selectivity of the chloride complex closely matched that of the catalytic reaction, indicating that the aryl hydrazine is derived from this complex. Kinetic studies showed that the coupling process occurs by rate-limiting deprotonation of a hydrazine-bound arylpalladium(II) chloride complex to give an arylpalladium(II) hydrazido complex.
Visible-light enabled C4-thiocyanation of pyrazoles by graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4)
Pan, Junyi,Liu, Cheng,Wang, Jianqiang,Dai, Yunqiao,Wang, Shengyu,Guo, Cheng
supporting information, (2021/07/14)
Thiocyanation is an important and effective way to form C[sbnd]S bonds in organic synthetic methodology. Especially, thiocyanation of pyrazole attracts the attention of many researchers because sulfur-containing compounds are widely applied in many crucial fields such as organic materials, agrochemistry, nanotechnology, etc. Herein, we described A rapid metal- and additive-free method for C(sp2)-H thiocyanation of pyrazoles under visible light at room temperature by using a sustainable catalyst of graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and a thiocyanating agent of ammonium thiocyanate. The method presents many advantages, such as usage of eco-friendly photoredox catalyst, a wide range of substrates and a good yield of products, etc.
One-Pot Synthesis of Indoles and Pyrazoles via Pd-Catalyzed Couplings/Cyclizations Enabled by Aqueous Micellar Catalysis
Akporji, Nnamdi,Braga, Felipe C.,Gabriel, Christopher M.,Landstrom, Evan B.,Lee, Nicholas R.,Lipshutz, Bruce H.
, (2020/09/02)
An effective one-pot synthesis of either indoles or pyrazoles can be achieved via Pd-catalyzed aminations followed by subsequent cyclizations facilitated by aqueous micellar catalysis. This new technology includes efficient couplings with low loadings of palladium, a more stable source of the required hydrazine moiety, greater atom economy for the initial coupling, and reduced reaction temperatures, all leading to environmentally responsible processes.
Oxone-DMSO Triggered Methylene Insertion and C(sp2)-C(sp3)-H-C(sp2) Bond Formation to Access Functional Bis-Heterocycles
Bharatam, Prasad V.,Dubey, Gurudutt,Hussain, Yaseen,Kour, Jaspreet,Sahoo, Subash C.,Sawant, Sanghapal D.,Venkateswarlu, Vunnam,Verma, Praveen K.
supporting information, p. 4951 - 4962 (2020/05/08)
Metal-free insertion of a methylene group was achieved for the construction of a new C(sp2)-C(sp3)-H-C(sp2) bond in order to prepare novel bis-heterocyclic scaffolds. The complete mechanistic investigations included experimental study and DFT calculations, and various symmetric and unsymmetric bis-pyrazoles as well as other pyrazole-based bis-heterocyclic molecules were prepared in moderate to high yields. Further modification of the bridged methylene group in the unsymmetric pyrazoles generated a chiral center to extend the scope of this method.
HBF4/ACN: A simple and efficient protocol for the synthesis of pyrazoles under ambient reaction conditions
Hazarika, Roktopol,Konwar, Manashjyoti,Damarla, Krishnaiah,Kumar, Arvind,Sarma, Diganta
, p. 329 - 337 (2020/01/08)
An efficient and novel protocol for pyrazole synthesis has been developed by using fluoroboric acid as the acid catalyst. Simple and easily available 1,3-diketone and hydrazine derivatives are taken as the substrates for this purpose. The reaction entails
NSC 18725, a Pyrazole Derivative Inhibits Growth of Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Induction of Autophagy
Arora, Garima,Behura, Assirbad,Dhiman, Rohan,Gagandeep, Garima,Gosain, Tannu Priya,Kandi, Shamseer Kulangara,Kidwai, Saqib,Rawat, Diwan S.,Shaliwal, Ravi P.,Singh, Padam,Singh, Ramandeep
, (2020/02/26)
The increasing incident rates of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a global health concern and has been further complicated by the emergence of extensive and total drug-resistant strains. Identification of new chemical entities which are compatible with first-line TB drugs, possess activity against DR-, and metabolically less active bacteria is required to tackle this epidemic. Here, we have performed phenotypic screening of a small molecule library against Mycobacterium bovis BCG and identified 24 scaffolds that exhibited MIC99 values of at least 2.5 μM. The most potent small molecule identified in our study was a nitroso containing pyrazole derivative, NSC 18725. We observed a significant reduction in viable bacilli load of starved Mycobacterium tuberculosis upon exposure to NSC 18725. The action of NSC 18725 was “synergistic” with isoniazid (INH) and “additive” with other drugs in our checkerboard assays. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of the parent compound revealed that pyrazole derivatives without a functional group at fourth position lacked anti-mycobacterial activity in vitro. The derivative with para-chlorophenyl substitution at the first position of the pyrazole ring was the most active scaffold. We also demonstrate that NSC 18725 is able to induce autophagy in differentiated THP-1 macrophages. The induction of autophagy by NSC 18725 is the major mechanism for the killing of intracellular slow and fast-growing mycobacteria. Taken together, these observations support the identification of NSC 18725 as an antimycobacterial compound, which synergizes with INH, is active against non-replicative mycobacteria and induces autophagy in macrophages.
PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF ARYL HYDRAZINES
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Page/Page column 22; 25, (2020/06/01)
The invention relates to a process for the synthesis of aryl hydrazinesof formula I or a salt thereof, which process comprises subjecting an arene of formula II to a coupling reaction with hydrazine or a derivative thereof, wherein the coupling reaction is conducted in the presence of a catalyst comprising palladium and a diphosphine ligand, wherein the phosphorus atoms are connected through two, three, four, or five atoms selected from car- bon, nitrogen, oxygen or iron, and in which the non-connecting phosphorus substituents are C1- C 10-alkyl or C3-C10-cycloalkyl, wherein the amount of Pd used is up to 0.5 mol-% relative to the amount of arene of formula II; and a base.
