2363-83-9

Usage

Uses

Used in Flavor and Fragrance Industry:
Malealdehyde is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of (2E,4E,6Z)-2,4,6-Nonatrienal (N649575), which is a natural aroma compound. malealdehyde contributes to the characteristic flavors and fragrances found in a variety of foods, such as oats and black tea. The use of malealdehyde in this application is due to its ability to react and form complex molecules that impart desirable sensory properties to these products.

InChI:InChI=1/C4H4O2/c5-3-1-2-4-6/h1-4H/b2-1+

Upstream product

• 5370-08-1 1,1,4,4-tetramethoxy-2-butene 
• 71-43-2 benzene 
• 108-88-3 toluene 
• 6117-80-2 1,4-butenediol 
• 110-00-9 furan 
• 332-77-4 2,5-dihydro-2,5-dimethoxyfuran 

Downstream Products

• 96-48-0 4-butanolide 
• 108-31-6 maleic anhydride 
• 78-98-8 2-oxopropanal 
• 336610-66-3 C₁₃H₁₇N₃O₆ 
• 1201171-41-6 4-(pyridine-2-yl)-1H-imidazo [4,5-c] pyridine-2-amine 
• 825-26-3 2α-hydroxytropan-3-one 
• 821-11-4 1,4-butenediol 
• 20825-71-2 2(3H)-furanone 
• 2597-44-6 formyl radical 
• 107-02-8 acrolein 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Dual Functionalized Injectable Hybrid Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel for Burn Wounds

Low strength and rapid biodegradability of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) restrict its wider clinical application as a rapid cell delivery platform in situ for management of burn wounds. Herein, the extracted ADM was modified by a dual cross-linking approach with ionic crosslinking using chitosan and covalent cross-linking using an iodine-modified 2,5-dihydro-2,5-dimethoxy-furan cross-linker, termed as CsADM-Cl. In addition, inherent growth factors and cytokines were found to be preserved in CsADM-Cl, irrespective of ionic/covalent crosslinking. CsADM-Cl demonstrated improvement in post crosslinking stiffness with a decreased biodegradation rate. This hybrid crosslinked hydrogel supported adhesion, proliferation, and migration of human foreskin-derived fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Also, the angiogenic potential of CsADM-Cl was manifested by chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. CsADM-Cl showed excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, CsADM-Cl treated full thickness burn wounds and demonstrated rapid healing marked with superior angiogenesis, well-defined dermal-epidermal junctions, mature basket weave collagen deposition, and development of more pronounced secondary appendages. Altogether, the bioactive CsADM-Cl hydrogel established significant clinical potential to support wound healing as an apt injectable antibacterial matrix to encounter unmet challenges concerning critical burn wounds.

The invention relates to a benzofuran as raw materials for the synthesis of 3 - amino methyl tetrahydrofuran (by machine translation)

The invention relates to a benzofuran as raw materials for the synthesis of 3 - amino methyl tetrahydrofuran, relates to the technical field of the synthesis intermediate for agricultural chemicals, to benzofuran as raw materials, obtained by the oxidation of the open loop 1, 4 - butene dialdehyde, and nitromethane by Michael addition, sodium borohydride reduction, dehydration cyclization and catalytic hydrogenation to five-step reaction to obtain 3 - amino methyl tetrahydrofuran. The present invention provides a benzofuran as raw materials for the synthesis of 3 - amino methyl tetrahydrofuran, the method cheap price of raw materials, synthetic route is short, low production cost, is suitable for mass production. (by machine translation)

NOVEL COCAINE HAPTENS AND NANOFIBER-BASED COCAINE VACCINES

Certain embodiments are directed to chemically defined self-adjuvanting cocaine vaccines composed of novel cocaine haptens and self-assembling peptide domains.

Products of the OH radical-initiated reactions of furan, 2- and 3-methylfuran, and 2,3- and 2,5-dimethylfuran in the presence of NO

Products of the gas-phase reactions of OH radicals with furan, furan-d 4, 2- and 3-methylfuran, and 2,3- and 2,5-dimethylfuran have been investigated in the presence of NO using direct air sampling atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry (API-MS and API-MS/MS), and gas chromatography with flame ionization and mass spectrometric detectors (GC-FID and GC-MS) to analyze samples collected onto annular denuders coated with XAD solid adsorbent and further coated with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl) hydroxylamine for derivatization of carbonyl-containing compounds to their oximes. The products observed were unsaturated 1,4-dicarbonyls, unsaturated carbonyl-acids and/or hydroxy-furanones, and from 2,5-dimethylfuran, an unsaturated carbonyl-ester. Quantification of the unsaturated 1,4-dicarbonyls was carried out by GC-FID using 2,5-hexanedione as an internal standard, and the measured molar formation yields were: HC(O)CH=CHCHO (dominantly the E-isomer) from OH + furan, 75 ± 5%; CH3C(O)CH=CHCHO (dominantly the E-isomer) from OH + 2-methylfuran, 31 ± 5%; HC(O)C(CH3)=CHCHO (a E-/Z-mixture) from OH + 3-methylfuran, 38 ± 2%; and CH 3C(O)C(CH3)=CHCHO from OH + 2,3-dimethylfuran, 8 ± 2%. In addition, a formation yield of 3-hexene-2,5-dione from OH + 2,5-dimethylfuran of 27% was obtained from a single experiment, in good agreement with a previous value of 24 ± 3% from GC-FID analyses of samples collected onto Tenax solid adsorbent without derivatization.

Preparation, crystal structure, and spectroscopic, chemical, and electrochemical properties of (2E,4E)-1,4-di(3-guaiazulenyl)-1,3-butadiene compared with those of (E)-1,2-di(3-guaiazulenyl)ethylene

Wittig reaction of (E)-3-(3-guaiazulenyl)propenal (11) with (3-guaiazulenylmethyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide (9) in ethanol containing NaOEt at 25 °C for 24 h under argon gives the title new (2E,4E)-1,3- butadiene derivative 4, in 33% isolated yield, which upon treatment with hexafluorophosphoric acid (i.e., 65% HPF6 aqueous solution) in tetrahydrofuran (=THF) at 25 °C for 1 h under aerobic conditions affords a new air (two-electron) oxidation product (E)-ethylene-1,2-bis(3- guaiazulenylmethylium) bis(hexafluorophosphate) (14), quantitatively, and further, zinc-reduction of 14 in trifluoroacetic acid (=CF3COOH) at 0 °C for 1 h under argon reverts 4, quantitatively. Along with the above interesting results, our discovered another preparation method, spectroscopic properties, crystal structure, and electrochemical behavior of 4, which serves as a strong two-electron donor and acceptor, compared with those of the previously reported (E)-1,2-di(3-guaiazulenyl)ethylene (3) are documented in detail. The title new (2E,4E)-1,3-butadiene derivative 4 serves as a strong two-electron donor. Therefore, the π-electron system 4 is readily converted into a new air (two-electron) oxidation product 14, quantitatively, the reaction conditions, of which are shown in the following scheme. Furthermore, the Zn-reduction of 14 in CF3COOH at 0 °C for 1 h under argon reverts 4, quantitatively. The title unique studies, with several interesting properties of 4 and 14, are reported.

Comprehensive NO-dependent study of the products of the oxidation of atmospherically relevant aromatic compounds

A comprehensive product study, performed via the turbulent flow chemical ionization mass spectrometry (TF-CIMS) technique, of the primary OH-initiated oxidation of many of the atmospherically abundant aromatic compounds was performed. The bicyclic peroxy radical intermediate, a key proposed intermediate species in the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) for the atmospheric oxidation of aromatics, was detected in all cases, as were stable bicyclic species. The NO product yield dependences suggest a potential role for bicyclic peroxy radical + HO2 reactions at high HO2/NO ratios, which are postulated to be a possible source of the inconsistencies between previous environmental chamber results and predictions from the MCM for ozone production and OH reactivity. The TF-CIMS product yield results are also compared to previous environment chamber results and to the latest MCM parametrization.

Investigation of the role of bicyclic peroxy radicals in the oxidation mechanism of toluene

The products of the primary OH-initiated oxidation of toluene were investigated using the turbulent flow chemical ionization mass spectrometry technique under different oxygen, NO, and initial OH radical concentrations as well as a range of total pressures. The bicyclic peroxy radical intermediate, a key proposed intermediate species in the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) for the atmospheric oxidation of toluene, was detected for the first time. The toluene oxidation mechanism was shown to have a strong oxygen concentration dependence, presumably due to the central role of the bicyclic peroxy radical in determining the stable product distribution at atmospheric oxygen concentrations. The results also suggest a potential role for bicyclic peroxy radical + HO 2 reactions at high HO2/NO ratios. These reactions are postulated to be a source of the inconsistencies between environmental chamber results and predictions from the MCM.

Photolysis of butenedial at 193, 248, 280, 308, 351, 400, and 450 nm

We have studied the photolysis of butenedial at 193, 248, 280, 308, 351, 400, and 450 nm by using laser photolysis combined with cavity ring-down spectroscopy. The HCO radical is a photodissociation product at 193 and 248 nm. The corresponding HCO quantum yields are 0.55 ± 0.07 and 0.12 ± 0.01, independent of butenedial pressure and nitrogen buffer gas pressure. Absorption cross-sections of butenedial are (6.88 ± 0.39) × 10 -18 and (3.62 ± 0.69) × 10-19 cm2 at 193 and 248 nm. The end-products from the photolysis of butenedial at 193, 248, 308, and 351 nm were measured by FTIR. Acrolein and 3H-furan-2-one were observed and their yields have been estimated.