2612-41-1Relevant articles and documents
Steric vs. electronic effects in the Lactobacillus brevis ADH-catalyzed bioreduction of ketones
Rodriguez, Cristina,Borzecka, Wioleta,Sattler, Johann H.,Kroutil, Wolfgang,Lavandera, Ivan,Gotor, Vicente
supporting information, p. 673 - 681 (2014/01/06)
Lactobacillus brevis ADH (LBADH) is an alcohol dehydrogenase that is commonly employed to reduce alkyl or aryl ketones usually bearing a methyl, an ethyl or a chloromethyl as a small ketone substituent to the corresponding (R)-alcohols. Herein we have tested a series of 24 acetophenone derivatives differing in their size and electronic properties for their reduction employing LBADH. After plotting the relative activity against the measured substrate volumes we observed that apart from the substrate size other effects must be responsible for the activity obtained. Compared to acetophenone (100% relative activity), other small substrates such as propiophenone, α,α, α-trifluoroacetophenone, α-hydroxyacetophenone, and benzoylacetonitrile had relative activities lower than 30%, while medium-sized ketones such as α-bromo-, α,α-dichloro-, and α,α-dibromoacetophenone presented relative activities between 70% and 550%. Moreover, the comparison between the enzymatic activity and the obtained final conversions using an excess or just 2.5 equiv. of the hydrogen donor 2-propanol, denoted again deviations between them. These data supported that these hydrogen transfer (HT) transformations are mainly thermodynamically controlled. For instance, bulky α-halogenated derivatives could be quantitatively reduced by LBADH even employing 2.5 equiv. of 2-propanol independently of their kinetic values. Finally, we found good correlations between the IR absorption band of the carbonyl groups and the degrees of conversion obtained in these HT processes, making this simple method a convenient tool to predict the success of these transformations. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Bromoform activation. TiCl4-Mg-promoted CHBr2 - and CBr3- transfer to a variety of aldehydes and ketones
Yan, Tu-Hsin,Chang, Su-Haur,Chang, Cheng-Ta,Lin, Chia-Kuan,Liu, Chien-Yu
supporting information, p. 5802 - 5805 (2013/12/04)
TiCl4-Mg can mediate addition of CHBr3 to a variety of aldehydes and ketones to form dibromomethyl carbinols and also be used to effect CBr3 transfer to carbonyl groups to form tribromomethyl carbinols. The successful application of TiCl4-Mg-promoted coupling of CHBr3 with various carbonyl compounds, especially in the case of highly enolizable ketones such as 2-indanone and β-tetralone, highlights the extraordinary reactivity and selectivity and the weakly basic nature of this system.
Facile aerobic photo-oxidative synthesis of phenacyl iodides and bromides from styrenes using I2 or aqueous HBr
Nobuta, Tomoya,Hirashima, Shin-Ichi,Tada, Norihiro,Miura, Tsuyoshi,Itoh, Akichika
experimental part, p. 2335 - 2339 (2010/11/04)
We report a useful method for facile synthesis of phenacyl iodides and bromides from styrene derivatives by aerobic photo-oxidation using I2 or 48% aqueous HBr in the presence of water. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart - New York.