32345-80-5Relevant articles and documents
Oxidation of Aromatic Olefins Catalyzed by Diaryl Ditellurides
Kambe, Nobuaki,Fujioka, Toyozo,Ogawa, Akiya,Miyoshi, Noritaka,Sonoda, Noboru
, p. 2077 - 2078 (1987)
Diaryl ditellurides were found to have unique catalytic activity for oxidation of aromatic olefines with a variety of oxidizing reagents in methanol or in acetic acid to give vic-dimethoxyl or vic-diacetoxyl compounds, respectively.Molecular oxygen (or air) as well as organic peroxides and peracids can be employed as the oxidizing reagents in this new oxidation system.
Tandem Acid/Pd-Catalyzed Reductive Rearrangement of Glycol Derivatives
Ciszek, Benjamin,Fleischer, Ivana,Kathe, Prasad,Schmidt, Tanno A.
supporting information, p. 3641 - 3646 (2020/03/25)
Herein, we describe the acid/Pd-tandem-catalyzed transformation of glycol derivatives into terminal formic esters. Mechanistic investigations show that the substrate undergoes rearrangement to an aldehyde under [1,2] hydrogen migration and cleavage of an oxygen-based leaving group. The leaving group is trapped as its formic ester, and the aldehyde is reduced and subsequently esterified to a formate. Whereas the rearrangement to the aldehyde is catalyzed by sulfonic acids, the reduction step requires a unique catalyst system comprising a PdII or Pd0 precursor in loadings as low as 0.75 mol % and α,α′-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)-o-xylene as ligand. The reduction step makes use of formic acid as an easy-to-handle transfer reductant. The substrate scope of the transformation encompasses both aromatic and aliphatic substrates and a variety of leaving groups.
Cleavage of the lignin β-O-4 ether bond: Via a dehydroxylation-hydrogenation strategy over a NiMo sulfide catalyst
Zhang, Chaofeng,Lu, Jianmin,Zhang, Xiaochen,Macarthur, Katherine,Heggen, Marc,Li, Hongji,Wang, Feng
supporting information, p. 6545 - 6555 (2018/06/06)
The efficient cleavage of lignin β-O-4 ether bonds to produce aromatics is a challenging and attractive topic. Recently a growing number of studies have revealed that the initial oxidation of CαHOH to CαO can decrease the β-O-4 bond dissociation energy (BDE) from 274.0 kJ mol-1 to 227.8 kJ mol-1, and thus the β-O-4 bond is more readily cleaved in the subsequent transfer hydrogenation, or acidolysis. Here we show that the first reaction step, except in the above-mentioned pre-oxidation methods, can be a Cα-OH bond dehydroxylation to form a radical intermediate on the acid-redox site of a NiMo sulfide catalyst. The formation of a Cα radical greatly decreases the Cβ-OPh BDE from 274.0 kJ mol-1 to 66.9 kJ mol-1 thereby facilitating its cleavage to styrene, phenols and ethers with H2 and an alcohol solvent. This is supported by control experiments using several reaction intermediates as reactants, analysis of product generation and by radical trap with TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy) as well as by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The dehydroxylation-hydrogenation reaction is conducted under non-oxidative conditions, which are beneficial for stabilizing phenol products.