4437-70-1

Usage

Uses

Used in Chemical Industry:
Carbonic acid 2,3-butanediyl is used as a solvent for various chemical reactions due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances and facilitate reaction processes.
Used in Plastics Industry:
As a plasticizer, carbonic acid 2,3-butanediyl is used to increase the flexibility and workability of polymers, enhancing their performance in various applications.
Used in Electrolyte Additives:
Carbonic acid 2,3-butanediyl serves as an electrolyte additive in batteries, improving their overall performance and efficiency.
Used in Polyurethane Production:
In the production of polyurethane polymers, carbonic acid 2,3-butanediyl is utilized as a key component, contributing to the formation of versatile materials with diverse applications.
Used in Lithium-ion Batteries:
As a potential candidate for use in lithium-ion batteries, carbonic acid 2,3-butanediyl is being explored for its ability to enhance battery performance and safety.

Upstream product

• 124-38-9 carbon dioxide 
• 925669-95-0 2,3-cis-epoxybutane 
• 21490-63-1 2,3-trans-epoxybutane 
• 6982-25-8 d,l-2,3-butanediol 
• 105-58-8 Diethyl carbonate 
• 75-44-5 phosgene 
• 79-37-8 oxalyl dichloride 
• 109-65-9 1-bromo-butane 
• 513-85-9 2.3-butanediol 
• 115-19-5 2-methyl-but-3-yn-2-ol 

Downstream Products

• 67-56-1 methanol 
• 1029272-42-1 (2R,3S)-2,3-butanediol 
• 513-85-9 2.3-butanediol 
• 6982-25-8 d,l-2,3-butanediol 
• 24347-58-8 (R,R)-2,3-butandiol 
• 1792-81-0 cis-1,2-cyclohexane 
• 57794-08-8 (1S,2S)-trans-1,2-Cyclohexanediol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Highly regio- And stereoselective synthesis of cyclic carbonates from biomass-derived polyols: Via organocatalytic cascade reaction

The cascade reaction of CO2, vicinal diols, and propargylic alcohol, was firstly achieved by dual Lewis base (LB) organocatalytic systems involving LB-CO2 adducts and commercially available organic amines. This methodology could overcome the chemical inertness of CO2, providing an alternative route to various functionalized five-membered cyclic carbonates in moderate to high yields under mild reaction conditions (25 °C, 1.0 atm of CO2). More importantly, this method could also be applied for facile and efficient synthesis of chiral polycyclic carbonates from biomass-derived polyols with complete configuration retention of chiral centers. This study provides an environment-friendly, scalable and cost effective protocol to construct value-added cyclic carbonates with multi-functional groups and chiral centers.

Aluminum-Mediated Formation of Cyclic Carbonates: Benchmarking Catalytic Performance Metrics

We report a comparative study on the activity of a series of fifteen binary catalysts derived from various reported aluminum-based complexes. A benchmarking of their initial rates in the coupling of various terminal and internal epoxides in the presence of three different nucleophilic additives was carried out, providing for the first time a useful comparison of activity metrics in the area of cyclic organic carbonate formation. These investigations provide a useful framework for how to realistically valorize relative reactivities and which features are important when considering the ideal operational window of each binary catalyst system.

Convenient synthesis of ethylene carbonates from carbon dioxide and 1,2-diols at atmospheric pressure of carbon dioxide

An efficient and convenient synthesis of ethylene carbonates was achieved by the reaction of carbon dioxide with 1,2-diols in the presence of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU), followed by treatment with 1-bromobutane. This DBU-promoted transformation proceeded at an atmospheric pressure of carbon dioxide at 25 °C and gave ethylene carbonates in good yields.

Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Epoxides and Carbon Dioxide by Using Bifunctional One-Component Phosphorus-Based Organocatalysts

Numerous bifunctional organocatalysts were synthesized and tested for the atom-efficient addition of carbon dioxide and epoxides to produce cyclic carbonates. These catalysts are based on phosphonium salts containing an alcohol moiety in the side chain for substrate activation through hydrogen bonding. In the model reaction, converting 1,2-butylene oxide with CO2, 19 catalysts were tested to determine structure-activity relationships. In total, 28 epoxides were converted with CO2 to give the respective cyclic carbonates in yields of up to 99%. Even at 45C, the most active catalyst was able to produce cyclic carbonates selectively in high yields. The carbonates were generally obtained as analytically pure products after simple filtration over silica gel. This single-component catalyst system works under neat and mild reaction conditions and tolerates several useful moieties. Two heads are better than one! Bifunctional organocatalysts are synthesized and tested in the catalytic reaction of epoxides and carbon dioxide to give the respective cyclic carbonates. Product formation is significantly increased by hydrogen-bond donation from the bifunctional phosphonium catalyst.

Cyclocondensation of oxalyl chloride with 1,2-glycols

Oxalyl chloride reacts with a wide range of acyclic 1,2-glycols 1 in the presence of triethylamine to produce 1,3-dioxolan-2-ones 3 together with 1,4-dioxane-2,3-diones 2. Ethylene glycol (1d), monosubstituted ethylene glycols 1e, j-l, and erythro-1,2-disubstituted ethylene glycols 1f, m, o provide the cyclic carbonates 3 as the minor products, while the threo-compounds 1g, i, n, p, q and pinacol (1h) afford 3 as the main products. The formation of 3 may be rationalized in terms of stereoelectronically controlled cleavage of the conjugate base 17- of the tetrahedral intermediates. The rate of the conformational change of 17- into 18- and the equilibrium constant between these conformers are proposed to be the major factors affecting the reaction pattern.