514-78-3

Usage

Uses

Used in Food Industry:
Canthaxanthin is used as a coloring agent for various food products, such as carbonated soft drinks, salad dressing, and spaghetti sauce, due to its intense red color and stability.
Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
Canthaxanthin is used as an oral suntanning agent to provide a healthy skin tone without exposure to sunlight.
Used in Cosmetics Industry:
Canthaxanthin is used as an antioxidant to promote skin health and protect against environmental damage.
Used in Animal Feed Industry:
Canthaxanthin is used as a color additive in the feed of salmon and poultry to enhance the natural color of their flesh, making it more appealing to consumers.
Used in Medicine:
Canthaxanthin is used in the medical field for its antioxidant properties, which can help protect cells from damage and support overall health.
Brand Names:
Apotrin and Phenoro are some of the brand names associated with Canthaxanthin.

World Health Organization (WHO)

Canthaxanthin, a naturally-occurring carotenoid with a deep redorange colour, is widely used as a food colouring agent. Since the mid-1970s it has been included in oral 'artificial suntan' preparations. It is also available in preparations used in the treatment of certain photodermatoses. By the mid-1980s its use in such preparations had been associated with the accumulation of crystalline deposits in the retina. Reported functional changes relating to dark adaptation have been of marginal clinical significance and largely reversible. Nevertheless, this has led to the withdrawal of artificial suntan preparations containing canthaxanthin by several regulatory authorities. Preparations for treatment of photodermatoses remain available in some but not all of these countries.

Hazard

Oral intake may cause loss of night vision.

Safety Profile

When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Purification Methods

Purify canthaxanthin by chromatography on a column of deactivated alumina or magnesium oxide, or on a thin layer plate of silica gel G (M

InChI:InChI=1/C40H52O2/c1-29(17-13-19-31(3)21-23-35-33(5)37(41)25-27-39(35,7)8)15-11-12-16-30(2)18-14-20-32(4)22-24-36-34(6)38(42)26-28-40(36,9)10/h11-24H,25-28H2,1-10H3/b12-11+,17-13-,18-14+,23-21-,24-22+,29-15-,30-16+,31-19-,32-20+

Synthetic route

beta-carotene (7235-40-7) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With cerium(IV) oxide; sulfuric acid; potassium iodide In dichloromethane; water at 0℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 2.5h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; UV-irradiation;	99.5%
With sulfuric acid; copper(II) sulfate; potassium iodide In dichloromethane; water at -5 - 45℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 4h; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst; Green chemistry;	98.05%
With dihydrogen peroxide; potassium iodide; lithium hydroxide In dichloromethane; water at -5 - 45℃; under 760.051 Torr; for 5.5h; Catalytic behavior; Temperature; Reagent/catalyst; Green chemistry;	98.05%

β-carotene (161023-01-4) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With Aminoiminomethanesulfinic acid In dichloromethane; water at 20 - 40℃; for 17h; Temperature; Industrial scale;	94.66%

(2E,4E,6E)-2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatrienedial (5056-17-7) + C19H31O4P → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium t-butanolate In dimethyl sulfoxide; toluene at -20℃; for 6h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Solvent;	92.1%

7,8,7',8'-tetrahydro-8,8'-dimethoxy-canthaxanthin → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hydroxide; hydrogen bromide In n-heptane; dichloromethane	82%

(2E,4E,6E)-2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatrienedial (5056-17-7) + (2E,4E)-<5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadien-1-yl>triphenylphosphonium bromide (63184-93-0) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium methylate In methanol; dichloromethane at -10℃; for 1h;	78%

aqueous sodium chloride + 3-methyl-5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-oxocyclohex-1-enyl)-2,4-pentadienylphosphonic acid, diethyl ester + (2E,4E,6E)-2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatrienedial (5056-17-7) + benzene (71-43-2) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium tert-butylate In tetrahydrofuran; chloroform	52%

N-Bromosuccinimide (128-08-5) + 4-Phenylmorpholine (92-53-5) + ethanol (64-17-5) + chloroform (67-66-3) + beta-carotene (7235-40-7) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
at -18℃; Reaktion ueber mehrere Stufen;

5,6;5',6'-diseco-β,β-carotene-4,6,4',6'-tetraone (105819-60-1) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium hydroxide; benzene

4',5'-didehydro-4,5'-retro-β,β-carotene (3297-24-3, 16962-72-4, 71629-79-3) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
(i) NBS, AcOH, PhNMe2, (ii) KOH, MeOH, benzene; Multistep reaction;

all-trans canthaxanthin radical cation → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With TX-100 In water Rate constant; Irradiation;
With puerarin dianion In methanol; chloroform at 25℃; Thermodynamic data; Kinetics; Reagent/catalyst;

lycopene (502-65-8) + all-trans canthaxanthin radical cation → canthaxanthin (514-78-3) + lycopene radical cation

Conditions	Yield
In benzene Rate constant; pulse radiolysis;

beta-carotene (7235-40-7) + all-trans canthaxanthin radical cation → canthaxanthin (514-78-3) + all-trans β-carotene radical cation

Conditions	Yield
In benzene Rate constant; pulse radiolysis;

β,β-carotene-4,4'-diol → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl hydroperoxide

5,6;5',6'-diseco-β,β-carotene-4,6,4',6'-tetraone (105819-60-1) + benzene (71-43-2) + methanol. KOH-solution → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

N-Bromosuccinimide (128-08-5) + ethanol (64-17-5) + chloroform (67-66-3) + beta-carotene (7235-40-7) + 1-ethyl-morpholine → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
Reaktion ueber mehrere Stufen;

chloroform (67-66-3) + 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl hydroperoxide (771-29-9) + beta-carotene (7235-40-7) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3) + 3',4'-didehydro-β,β-caroten-4-one (991-90-2) + β,β-carotene-4,4'-diol + β,β-caroten-4-one

4'-ethoxy-β,β-caroten-4-one → canthaxanthin (514-78-3) + 4'-ethoxy-3',4'-didehydro-β,β-caroten-4-one

Conditions	Yield
With N-Bromosuccinimide; chloroform beim anschliessenden Behandeln mit 4-Phenyl-morpholin;

C40H51O2(1+) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3) + ascorbic acid radical

Conditions	Yield
With triton X100; ascorbic acid In methanol Rate constant; pH 7;

2,4,4-Trimethyl-3-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-cyclohex-2-enyl-oxonium → 9-cis-β,β-caroten-4,4'-diol + canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
With water In acetone

C40H56(2+) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 4 steps 1: 18 percent / H2O / acetone 2: NaBH4 3: CF3COOH / CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h / -20 °C 4: H2O / acetone View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1: 18 percent / H2O / acetone 2: NaBH4 3: CF3COOH / CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h / -20 °C 4: 19 percent / acetone 5: H2O / acetone View Scheme

2,4,4-Trimethyl-3-[(1E,3E,5E,7E,9E,11E,13E,15E,17E)-3,7,12,16-tetramethyl-18-(2,6,6-trimethyl-cyclohex-1-enyl)-octadeca-1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17-nonaenyl]-cyclohex-2-enyl-oxonium → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: 19 percent / acetone 2: H2O / acetone View Scheme

4'-acetylthio-β,β-carotene (846539-06-8) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: H2O / acetone View Scheme

4'-hydroxy-β,β-caroten-4-one (106356-06-3, 125377-14-2, 125472-27-7, 2213-17-4) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: NaBH4 2: CF3COOH / CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h / -20 °C 3: H2O / acetone View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1: NaBH4 2: CF3COOH / CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h / -20 °C 3: 19 percent / acetone 4: H2O / acetone View Scheme

4,4'-diacetoxy-β,β-carotene (58540-69-5) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: CF3COOH / CH2Cl2 / -10 °C 2: H2O / acetone View Scheme

isozeaxanthin (29065-03-0, 68538-97-6, 84142-78-9, 84518-15-0, 106037-10-9, 125472-26-6, 21940-25-0) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1: CF3SO3H / CH2Cl2 / -15 °C 2: 18 percent / H2O / acetone 3: NaBH4 4: CF3COOH / CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h / -20 °C 5: H2O / acetone View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 7 steps 1: CF3SO3H / CH2Cl2 / -15 °C 2: 18 percent / H2O / acetone 3: NaBH4 4: CF3COOH / CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h / -20 °C 5: 19 percent / acetone 6: H2O / acetone View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps 1: CF3COOH / CH2Cl2 / 0.17 h / -20 °C 2: H2O / acetone View Scheme

(E)-3-methylpent-2-en-4-yn-1-ol (6153-06-6) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1: 92 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid / 1.) 5 deg C, 2.) RT, 10 min 2: 1.) n-BuLi / 1.) ether, hexane, RT, 15 min, 2.) 22 deg C, 1 h 3: 72 percent / H2, potassium carbonate / Lindlar catalyst / toluene / 3 h / 20 °C / 760 Torr 4: PBr3 / diethyl ether / 0.08 h / Ambient temperature 5: 69 percent / benzene / Heating 6: 78 percent / NaOCH3 / CH2Cl2; methanol / 1 h / -10 °C View Scheme

4-penten-3-one (1629-58-9) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 8 steps 1: 1.) LDA / 1.) THF, hexane, -60 deg C, 90 min, 2.) a) 3 min, b) RT, 2 h 2: 85 percent / NaH / methanol / 3 h / Heating 3: 91 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid / benzene / 3 h / Heating 4: 1.) n-BuLi / 1.) ether, hexane, RT, 15 min, 2.) 22 deg C, 1 h 5: 72 percent / H2, potassium carbonate / Lindlar catalyst / toluene / 3 h / 20 °C / 760 Torr 6: PBr3 / diethyl ether / 0.08 h / Ambient temperature 7: 69 percent / benzene / Heating 8: 78 percent / NaOCH3 / CH2Cl2; methanol / 1 h / -10 °C View Scheme

2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-heptanoic acid methyl ester (64095-45-0) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions

Yield

Multi-step reaction with 7 steps 1: 85 percent / NaH / methanol / 3 h / Heating 2: 91 percent / p-toluenesulfonic acid / benzene / 3 h / Heating 3: 1.) n-BuLi / 1.) ether, hexane, RT, 15 min, 2.) 22 deg C, 1 h 4: 72 percent / H2, potassium carbonate / Lindlar catalyst / toluene / 3 h / 20 °C / 760 Torr 5: PBr3 / diethyl ether / 0.08 h / Ambient temperature 6: 69 percent / benzene / Heating 7: 78 percent / NaOCH3 / CH2Cl2; methanol / 1 h / -10 °C View Scheme

alpha-ionone (127-41-3, 6901-97-9, 14398-36-8, 24190-29-2, 30685-95-1, 31798-12-6, 52340-45-1, 67529-94-6, 67529-95-7) → canthaxanthin (514-78-3)

Conditions	Yield
Multi-step reaction with 5 steps 1: 1.) sodium acetate, peracetic acid, 2.) NaOCH3 / 1.) dichloromethane, acetic acid, a) 15 deg C, 2,5 h, b) RT, 3 h, 2.) methanol, reflux, 3 h 2: tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / 10 °C 3: aluminum isopropoxide / acetone; CH2Cl2 / 5 h / Heating 4: CH2Cl2 / 1 h / Ambient temperature 5: 78 percent / NaOCH3 / CH2Cl2; methanol / 1 h / -10 °C View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1: 1.) sodium acetate, peracetic acid, 2.) NaOCH3 / 1.) dichloromethane, acetic acid, a) 15 deg C, 2,5 h, b) RT, 3 h, 2.) methanol, reflux, 3 h 2: tetrahydrofuran / 0.5 h / 10 °C 3: aluminum isopropoxide / acetone; CH2Cl2 / 5 h / Heating 4: PBr3 / diethyl ether / 1 h / Ambient temperature 5: benzene / 1.5 h / Heating 6: 78 percent / NaOCH3 / CH2Cl2; methanol / 1 h / -10 °C View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 6 steps 1.1: 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid / dichloromethane / 1 h 2.1: sodium methylate / methanol / 3 h / Reflux 3.1: sodium methylate / toluene / 3.5 h 4.1: sodium ethanolate / ethanol / 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 5.1: potassium tert-butylate / tetrahydrofuran; N,N,N,N,N,N-hexamethylphosphoric triamide / 5.5 h / Inert atmosphere 5.2: 2.58 h / -25 - 25 °C / Inert atmosphere 6.1: aluminum isopropoxide / acetone / 5 h / Reflux; Inert atmosphere 6.2: 10 h / 80 °C / Inert atmosphere View Scheme

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) + girard's reagent P (1126-58-5) → (GRP)2-canthaxanthin

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride In methanol; chloroform	34%

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → 4'-thioxo-β,β-caroten-4-one

Conditions	Yield
With Lawessons reagent In benzene at 40℃; for 4h;	22%
With Lawessons reagent In carbon disulfide for 4h; Inert atmosphere; Reflux;

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) + (2E,4EZ)-N-(4-hexyloxyphenyl)-3-methylhexa-2,4-dienamide (1332483-19-8) → C37H49NO3 (1332483-31-4)

Conditions	Yield
With Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst second generation In toluene at 20℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; diastereoselective reaction;	17%

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → 4'-hydroxy-β,β-caroten-4-one (106356-06-3, 125377-14-2, 125472-27-7, 2213-17-4)

Conditions	Yield
With tellurium; sodium tetrahydroborate In carbon disulfide; ethanol at 40℃; for 0.5h;	5%
Multi-step reaction with 3 steps 1: NaBH4 2: CF3SO3H / CH2Cl2 / -15 °C 3: 18 percent / H2O / acetone View Scheme
With sodium tetrahydroborate

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → 11,15'-dihydrooxepino-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione

Conditions	Yield
With 18-crown-6 ether; sodium 3-chlorobenzoate; 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid In dichloromethane at -20℃; for 30h;	2%

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → 13,14-trans-canthaxanthin-13,14-ozonide + 13,14-cis-canthaxanthin-13,14-ozonide

Conditions	Yield
With 18-crown-6 ether; tert-butyl methyl ether; sodium 3-chlorobenzoate; 3-chloro-benzenecarboperoxoic acid In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 30h;	A 0.2% B 1%

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → isozeaxanthin (29065-03-0, 68538-97-6, 84142-78-9, 84518-15-0, 106037-10-9, 125472-26-6, 21940-25-0)

Conditions	Yield
With lithium aluminium tetrahydride
With sodium tetrahydroborate In ethanol
With lithium aluminium tetrahydride In diethyl ether

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → 6,5'-retro-5,6-dihydro-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione (13186-17-9, 81369-49-5)

Conditions	Yield
With acetic acid; zinc In pyridine

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → C40H52O2(2+) (113301-77-2) + C40H52O2(1+) (113349-54-5)

Conditions	Yield
Equilibrium constant; Rate constant; electrolysis;

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → all-trans canthaxanthin radical cation + Canthaxanthin dication

Conditions	Yield
In dichloromethane electrooxidation, comproportionation equilibrium constants, deprotonation equilibrium constant;

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → Phoeniconon (50299-51-9)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium tert-butylate; oxygen

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → astacene (34026-74-9, 58769-83-8)

Conditions	Yield
With potassium tert-butylate; oxygen

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → all-trans canthaxanthin radical cation

Conditions	Yield
With TX-100; trichloromethyl peroxyl In water Rate constant; Irradiation;

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → neocanthaxanthin-C (32603-26-2) + 9-cis canthaxanthin (101915-55-3) + 13-cis canthaxanthin (514-78-3, 28999-90-8, 32603-26-2, 101915-53-1, 101915-54-2, 101915-55-3, 111058-45-8, 113349-54-5, 117857-54-2, 117857-55-3, 117857-56-4, 135969-90-3, 101915-56-4) + C40H52O2

Conditions	Yield
With tert-butylammonium hexafluorophosphate(V) In dichloromethane at 4℃; for 0.0833333h; Product distribution; Mechanism; electrolysis;
With iron(III) chloride In dichloromethane Product distribution; Mechanism;

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → 9-cis canthaxanthin (101915-55-3) + 13-cis canthaxanthin (514-78-3, 28999-90-8, 32603-26-2, 101915-53-1, 101915-54-2, 101915-55-3, 111058-45-8, 113349-54-5, 117857-54-2, 117857-55-3, 117857-56-4, 135969-90-3, 101915-56-4)

Conditions	Yield
With zinc(II) oxide In dichloromethane for 0.25h; Product distribution; Irradiation; also CdS and without semiconductors;

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → 11,15'-dihydrooxepino-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione + 15'-formyl-15-nor-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione + 12-formyl-11-nor-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione + (13RS,15SR)-15',13-epoxy-vinyleno-13,14'-dihydro-14,15-dinor-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione

Conditions	Yield
With 2,2'-azobis-(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) In benzene at 37℃; for 3h; Yield given; Further byproducts given. Yields of byproduct given;

canthaxanthin (514-78-3) → 15'-formyl-15-nor-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione + 13,15'-epoxyvinyleno-13,15'-dihydro-14,15-dinor-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione + 12-formyl-11-nor-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione + (13RS,15SR)-15',13-epoxy-vinyleno-13,14'-dihydro-14,15-dinor-β,β-carotene-4,4'-dione

Conditions	Yield
With 2,2'-azobis-(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) In benzene at 37℃; for 3h; Yield given; Further byproducts given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;
With 2,2'-azobis-(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) In benzene at 37℃; for 3h; Yield given; Further byproducts given. Yields of byproduct given;

Upstream product

• 128-08-5 N-Bromosuccinimide 
• 92-53-5 4-Phenylmorpholine 
• 64-17-5 ethanol 
• 67-66-3 chloroform 
• 7235-40-7 beta-carotene 
• 105819-60-1 5,6;5',6'-diseco-β,β-carotene-4,6,4',6'-tetraone 
• 3297-24-3 4',5'-didehydro-4,5'-retro-β,β-carotene 
• 5056-17-7 (2E,4E,6E)-2,7-dimethyl-2,4,6-octatrienedial 
• 63184-93-0 (2E,4E)-<5-(2,6,6-trimethyl-3-oxo-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-methyl-2,4-pentadien-1-yl>triphenylphosphonium bromide 
• 29065-03-0 isozeaxanthin 
• 64095-45-0 2,2-dimethyl-5-oxo-heptanoic acid methyl ester 
• 96620-27-8 5-(2-ethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-pentan-2-one 
• 92038-38-5 4-(2-ethyl-[1,3]dioxolan-2-yl)-2,2-dimethyl-butyric acid methyl ester 
• 108-90-7 chlorobenzene 

Downstream Products

• 29065-03-0 isozeaxanthin 
• 50299-51-9 Phoeniconon 
• 34026-74-9 astacene 
• 106356-06-3 4'-hydroxy-β,β-caroten-4-one 
• 32603-26-2 neocanthaxanthin-C 
• 101915-55-3 9-cis canthaxanthin 
• 514-78-3 13-cis canthaxanthin 
• 472-61-7 (3S,3'S)-astaxanthin 
• 2938-48-9 3,3-dimethyl glutaric acid anhydride 
• 681-57-2 2,2-dimethylglutaric acid 
• 1421073-25-7 canthaxanthin dithione 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Cantharidin preparation method

The invention belongs to the field of compound synthesis, and relates to a cantharidin preparation method, which comprises: carrying out an oxidation reaction on beta carotene in a solvent in the presence of an oxidizing agent, a catalyst and a strong acid salt of divalent manganese ions, performing standing for layering after the oxidation reaction is finished, washing and purifying the oil layer, and concentrating to remove the solvent, and then adding an isomerization solvent to carry out isomerization reaction, and filtering and drying after the isomerization reaction is finished to obtainthe all-trans cantharidin. The cantharidin prepared by adopting the method provided by the invention has the advantages of good oxidation effect, lower oxidant dosage and higher cantharidin yield (upto 86% or above), and the obtained cantharidin is a purple red acicular crystal with the content of more than 90%. Then, a water layer is treated by adopting the method provided by the invention andthen is recycled, so that the consumption of an oxidant can be reduced, the cost is reduced, and meanwhile, the discharge of halogen-free acid salt wastewater is realized.

Synthesis method of canthaxanthin

The invention discloses a method for preparing canthaxanthin by oxidizing beta-carotene. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving beta-carotene in an organic solvent, adding a catalyst andcerium dioxide, uniformly mixing, stirring, turning on an ultraviolet lamp for irradiation, dropwise adding a sulfuric acid aqueous solution under the irradiation condition of the ultraviolet lamp, reacting to generate a crude product containing canthaxanthin, filtering, washing with water, taking an organic phase, removing the solvent, recrystallizing, filtering and drying to obtain a canthaxanthin product. The method is mild and simple in reaction condition and high in yield.

Method for preparing canthaxanthin by oxidizing beta-carotene

The invention provides a method for preparing canthaxanthin by oxidizing beta-carotene. The method comprises the following steps of: dissolving beta-carotene in a solvent, and carrying out oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst and an oxidant to prepare canthaxanthin; wherein the catalyst is a metal calcium salt compound. The cheap metal calcium salt compound is used as the catalyst, anda peroxide is used as the oxidant to catalyze the oxidation reaction, so that the method has the advantages of mild process route conditions, environment friendliness, simple and convenient operationand easy industrial production.

Method for preparing cyclic alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone

The invention provides a method for preparing cyclic alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone. According to the method, a compound shown in the formula (I) is oxidized by oxygen through electrochemical synthesis in the presence of a catalyst and an auxiliary agent to prepare a compound shown in the formula (II). The method is mild in condition, high in atom economy and less in three wastes, and the productyield is higher than 95%.

Practical synthesis of canthaxanthin

In this study, a novel route for the total synthesis of canthaxanthin is described. The synthesis is firstly based on an epoxidation of α-ionone with metachloroperbenzoic acid to afford the epoxide, followed by conversion of the epoxide to 3-hydroxyl-β-ionone in the presence of sodium methoxide. Next, 3-hydroxyl-C14-aldehyde was obtained by a Darzens condensation with 4-hydroxyl-β-ionone and methyl chloroacetate, which can be converted to 3-hydroxyl-C15-phophonate via a Wittig–Horner condensation with tetraethyl methylenebisphosphonate. Then, a Wittig–Horner condensation with 3-hydroxyl-C15-phosphonate and C10-trienedial resulted in 4,4′-dihydroxyl-β-carotene, followed by an oxidation afforded the target product canthaxanthin. The overall yield of this route is 37% from α-ionone. The synthetic steps are easily operated and are practical for the large-scale production.

Process method for synthesizing canthaxanthin

The invention relates to a process method for synthesizing canthaxanthin. The process method comprises the following steps: 1, oxidizing a compound (2) to obtain a compound (3); and 2, carrying out acondensation reaction on the compound (3) and decadialdehyde to obtain the final product canthaxanthin (1). The invention provides another process route for synthesizing canthaxanthin. The route is simple, only two steps are needed, the canthaxanthin is gradually separated out from a liquid reaction system in the reaction process, the purity is very high, further purification measures are not needed, the yield is not lower than that of an existing canthaxanthin preparation process, the purity is higher than that of the existing process, the cost is lower, and industrial popularization is easy.

Method for preparing canthaxanthin from beta-carotene by oxidization

The invention discloses a method for preparing canthaxanthin from beta-carotene by oxidization. The canthaxanthin is prepared from beta-carotene by one-step oxidization in the presence of a catalyst and oxidizing agents including sodium nitrate and carbon dioxide, and the method has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, environmental friendliness, high yield and the like.

Method for preparing canthaxanthin

The invention belongs to the field of organic synthesis, and specifically discloses a method for preparing canthaxanthin. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving beta-carotene, an oxidantI and a phase transfer catalyst in an organic solvent; adding an oxidant II at 0-15 DEG C; performing oxidation reaction at 0-15 DEG C after the addition is completed; and then, separating an oil phase from the obtained oxidation reaction product and performing isomerization reaction to obtain all-trans canthaxanthin, wherein the oxidant I is a peroxide oxidant, and the oxidant II is a hypochlorite oxidant. The method for preparing canthaxanthin provided by the invention can be adopted to significantly increase the yield of reaction, reduce the dosage of the oxidants and shorten the reactiontime.

Method for preparing canthaxanthin by beta-carotene

The invention discloses a novel synthesis method for preparing canthaxanthin by beta-carotene one-step oxidization. According to the method, beta-carotene serves as an initial raw material, a cyclodextrin compound serves as a phase transfer catalyst, molecular oxygen serves as an oxidizing agent under catalysis of a copper compound and amino acid, and the canthaxanthin is prepared by one-step oxidization. The route is high in reaction selectivity and simple in process and facilitates industrial production.

Method for oxidizing beta-carotene to prepare canthaxanthin

The invention discloses a method for oxidizing beta-carotene to prepare canthaxanthin. The beta-carotene reacts with an oxidant copper salt solution in the presence of a catalyst and an auxiliary agent to prepare the canthaxanthin; the problems in the prior art that the yield of a product is low and the environment is polluted are mainly solved.