53146-34-2

Usage

Molar mass

188.25 g/mol

Physical state

Colorless, odorless liquid

Solubility

Soluble in water

Taste

Slightly sweet

Primary use

Expectorant in cough medicines

Functionality

Helps loosen and thin mucus in the airways

Benefits

Easier to cough up and clear the lungs

Additional effects

Mild sedative effects

Application

Relieve symptoms of cough and chest congestion

Industries

Pharmaceutical

Safety

Generally regarded as safe when used as directed

Upstream product

• 930-37-0 glycidyl methyl ether 
• 67-63-0 isopropyl alcohol 
• 4016-14-2 glycidyl isopropyl ether 
• 67-56-1 methanol 
• 124-41-4 sodium methylate 
• 4151-97-7 1-chloro-3-methoxypropan-2-ol 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Readily Scalable Methodology for the Synthesis of Nonsymmetric Glyceryl Diethers by a Tandem Acid-/Base-Catalyzed Process

A useful optimized synthetic methodology has been designed for the synthesis of nonsymmetric glyceryl diethers from epichlorohydrin. A tandem process combining a cheap, heterogeneous, and fully recoverable acid catalyst and alkaline hydroxide is used for the synthesis of a variety of glycerol-derived ethers bearing different alkyl substituents in 1 and 3 positions. Different heterogeneous acid catalysts have been tested for the reaction of epichlorohydrin with several alcohols, the best results being obtained with readily available recoverable and inexpensive montmorillonite-K10 and Nafion NR50. For the second reaction step, potassium hydroxide is used. In all the cases, good yields of the desired glyceryl diethers are obtained in smooth reaction conditions, always with total conversion of epichlorohydrin and without the need of intermediate purification. Scale-up of the tandem process has been carried out with good results.

Ru(III) complex anchored onto amino-functionalized MIL-101(Cr) framework via post-synthetic modification: an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for ring opening of epoxides

In this work, the metallo Schiff base-functionalized metal–organic framework was prepared by post-synthetic method and used as an electron-deficient catalyst for the alcoholysis of epoxides. In this manner, the aminated MIL-101 was modified with 2-pyridine carboxaldehyde and then the prepared Schiff base reacted with RuCl3. This new catalyst, MIL-101–NH2–PC–Ru, was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, UV–Vis spectroscopic techniques, X-ray diffraction, BET, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. In the presence of this heterogeneous catalyst, ring opening of epoxides was performed under mild condition to show the significant ability and successful applications of Lewis acid containing catalysts in corporation with metal–organic frameworks. The reusability of the catalyst was also investigated. No noticeable decrease in the catalytic activity was found after four consecutive times.

An Fe3O4 nanoparticle-supported Mn (II)-azo Schiff complex acts as a heterogeneous catalyst in alcoholysis of epoxides

In this paper, an azo-containing Schiff base complex of manganese [Mn2+-azo ligand@APTES-SiO2@Fe3O4] immobilized on chemically modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles has been used as a magnetically retrievable catalyst for the alcoholysis of different epoxides to their corresponding alkoxy alcohols with methanol, ethanol and n-propanol. The newly magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM).

A highly efficient protocol for regioselective ring-opening of epoxides with alcohols, water, acetic acid, and acetic anhydride catalyzed by SbF3

SbF3as an efficient catalyst has been used for regioselective alcoholysis, acetolysis and hydrolysis of epoxides to the corresponding β-alkoxy, β-acetoxy alcohols, and 1,2-diols in high to excellent yields. This study also represents a convenient synthesis of vic-diacetates from ring-opening of epoxides with acetic anhydride.

Aniline-terephthalaldehyde resin p-toluenesulfonate (ATRT) as a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for alcoholysis, hydrolysis, and acetolysis of epoxides

Alcoholysis, hydrolysis, and acetolysis of epoxides were carried out in the presence of a catalytic amount of aniline-terephthalaldehyde resin p-toluenesulfonate (ATRT) to give the corresponding β-substituted alcohols in good yields. Alcoholysis and hydrolysis of epoxides catalyzed by ATRT proceeded faster than those by pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate (PPTS).

Ecotoxicity studies of glycerol ethers in Vibrio fischeri: checking the environmental impact of glycerol-derived solvents

The toxicities of a series of glycerol mono-, di-, and trialkyl ethers against Vibrio fischeri bacteria have been determined. A systematic study has been carried out and the possible structure-toxicity relationships have been discussed using different QSAR models. Inhibition of bioluminescence after 30 minutes of exposure shows relatively low toxicity of many of the glycerol derived chemicals studied. Results indicate that, as a general rule, the ecotoxicity increases with the length and number of substituents. However, if the size of the molecule increases, an extra substituent at position 2 makes the toxicity lower than that of the corresponding analogues.

Investigation of the catalytic activity of an electron-deficient vanadium(IV) tetraphenylporphyrin: A new, highly efficient and reusable catalyst for ring-opening of epoxides

In this work, the catalytic activity of high-valent tetraphenylporphyrinatovanadium(IV) trifluoromethanesulfonate, [V IV(TPP)(OTf)2], in the nucleophilic ring-opening of epoxides is reported. This new V(IV) catalyst was used as an efficient catalyst for alcoholysis with primary (methanol, ethanol and n-propanol), secondary (iso-propanol) and tertiary alcohols (tert-butanol), hydrolysis and acetolysis of epoxides with acetic acid and also for the conversion of epoxides to 1,2-diacetates with acetic anhydride, conversion of epoxides to thiiranes with ammonium thiocyanate and thiourea, and for conversion of epoxides to acetonides with acetone. The catalyst was reused several times without loss of its activity.

Green solvents from glycerol. Synthesis and physico-chemical properties of alkyl glycerol ethers

A family of glycerol derivatives, consisting of over sixty 1,3-dialkoxy-2-propanols and 1,2,3-trialkoxypropanes, both symmetrically and unsymmetrically substituted at terminal positions, have been synthesized and the possible role of these glycerol derivatives as substitutive solvents has been evaluated through measurements of their physico-chemical properties. The molecular diversity of the derivatives prepared results in significant variations of polarity properties, facilitating the identification of possible candidates for solvent substitution.

Mild and efficient ring opening of epoxides catalyzed by potassium dodecatungstocobaltate(III)

Efficient ring opening of epoxides under mild conditions is reported. Potassium dodecatungstocobaltate(III) trihydrate was used as an efficient catalyst for the alcoholysis and acetolysis of epoxides. Conversion of epoxides to thiiranes was also performed efficiently in the presence of this catalyst. Springer-Verlag 2005.

Rapid and efficient ring opening of epoxides catalyzed by a new electron deficient tin(IV) porphyrin

The new electron deficient tin(IV) tetraphenylporphyrinato trifluoromethanesulfonate, [SnIV(tpp)(OTf)2], was used as an efficient catalyst for the alcoholysis, hydrolysis and acetolysis of epoxides. Conversion of epoxides to thiiranes and acetonides were also performed efficiently in the presence of this catalyst.