596-43-0Relevant articles and documents
C(sp3)-H Fluorination with a Copper(II)/(III) Redox Couple
Bower, Jamey K.,Cypcar, Andrew D.,Henriquez, Brenda,Stieber, S. Chantal E.,Zhang, Shiyu
supporting information, p. 8514 - 8521 (2020/05/28)
Despite the growing interest in the synthesis of fluorinated organic compounds, few reactions are able to incorporate fluoride ions directly into alkyl C-H bonds. Here, we report the C(sp3)-H fluorination reactivity of a formally copper(III) fluoride complex. The C-H fluorination intermediate, LCuF, along with its chloride and bromide analogues, LCuCl and LCuBr, were prepared directly from halide sources with a chemical oxidant and fully characterized with single-crystal X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Quantum chemical calculations reveal significant halide radical character for all complexes, suggesting their ability to initiate and terminate a C(sp3)-H halogenation sequence by sequential hydrogen atom abstraction (HAA) and radical capture. The capability of HAA by the formally copper(III) halide complexes was explored with 9,10-dihydroanthracene, revealing that LCuF exhibits rates 2 orders of magnitude higher than LCuCl and LCuBr. In contrast, all three complexes efficiently capture carbon radicals to afford C(sp3)-halogen bonds. Mechanistic investigation of radical capture with a triphenylmethyl radical revealed that LCuF proceeds through a concerted mechanism, while LCuCl and LCuBr follow a stepwise electron transfer-halide transfer pathway. The capability of LCuF to perform both hydrogen atom abstraction and radical capture was leveraged to enable fluorination of allylic and benzylic C-H bonds and α-C-H bonds of ethers at room temperature.
Reaction of acyl halides with alkyl diphenylmethyl or alkyl triphenylmethyl ethers
Gazizov,Khairullina,Ibragimov,Karimova,Chirkova,Sinyashin
, p. 133 - 134 (2007/10/03)
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'Redox-switch' catalysis of C-C bond formation with H2: One-electron reduction of the trityl cation
Hembre,McQueen
, p. 65 - 67 (2007/10/03)
Different products are formed from the electron transfer reaction between the ruthenium hydride 1 and the trityl cation when 1 is employed as a 'redox-switch' catalyst or as stoichiometric reducing agent. In the first case 1 converts H2 into a one-electron reducing agent for C-C bond formation, thus yielding the product known as Gomberg's dimer. In contrast, only triphenylmethane is produced in the stoichiometric reactions, by an electron-transfer/hydride-transfer mechanism.