6137-03-7Relevant articles and documents
The Sex Attractant Pheromone of Male Brown Rats: Identification and Field Experiment
Takács, Stephen,Gries, Regine,Zhai, Huimin,Gries, Gerhard
, p. 6062 - 6066 (2016)
Trapping brown rats is challenging because they avoid newly placed traps in their habitat. Herein, we report the identification of the sex pheromone produced by male brown rats and its effect on trap captures of wild female brown rats. Collecting urine- and feces-soiled bedding material of laboratory-kept rats and comparing the soiled-bedding odorants of juvenile and adult males, as well as of adult males and females, we found nine compounds that were specific to, or most prevalent in, the odor profiles of sexually mature adult males. When we added a synthetic blend of six of these compounds (2-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 3-ethyl-2-heptanone, 2-octanone, 2-nonanone, 4-nonanone) to one of two paired food-baited trap boxes, these boxes attracted significantly more laboratory-strain female rats in laboratory experiments, and captured ten times more wild female rats in a field experiment than the corresponding control boxes. Our data show that the pheromone facilitates captures of wild female brown rats. The male brown rat marks his territory with urine deposits, thereby deterring potential male intruders while retaining females within his deme and attracting wandering females to it. The urine-derived sex pheromone comprises several ketones (2-heptanone, 4-heptanone, 3-ethyl-2-heptanone, 2-octanone, 2-nonanone, 4-nonanone), which when added to baited traps increase the captures of female rats by a factor of ten.
3. 7 - Diethyl - 4, 6 - dione preparation method of the nonane (by machine translation)
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Paragraph 0028; 0031, (2019/04/18)
The present invention provides a 3, 7 - diethyl nonane - 4, 6 - dione, which belongs to the technical field of compound preparation method, the invention will be benzo triazole with 2 - ethyl butyl chloride reaction to obtain 1 - benzo triazole - 2 - ethyl - 1 - butanone, then the 2 - ethyl butyrate and N, N' - carbonyl imidazole reaction system with dimethyl hydroxylamine hydrochloride and triethylamine mixing and stirring of the reaction system, to obtain the 2 - ethyl - N - methoxy - N - butyl amide, the reactant in the low-temperature conditions and methyl bromide of magnesium oxide to obtain the 3 - ethyl - 2 - pentanone, will 1 - benzo triazole - 2 - ethyl - 1 - butanone with catalyst is dissolved in a solvent, slowly dropping 3 - ethyl - 2 - pentanone, stirring at the room temperature, post-processing to obtain the target product 3, 7 - diethyl nonane - 4, 6 - dione. The invention has the raw materials are easy, and the production cost is low, the product yield is high, the advantage of simple operation. (by machine translation)
Copper(I)-Catalyzed Enantioselective Nucleophilic Borylation of Aliphatic Ketones: Synthesis of Enantioenriched Chiral Tertiary α-Hydroxyboronates
Kubota, Koji,Osaki, Shun,Jin, Mingoo,Ito, Hajime
supporting information, p. 6646 - 6650 (2017/05/29)
A new method was developed for the first catalytic enantioselective borylation of aliphatic ketones. A variety of substrates reacted efficiently with bis(pinacolato)diboron in the presence of a copper(I)/chiral N-heterocyclic carbene complex catalyst to furnish optically active tertiary α-hydroxyboronates with moderate to high enantioselectivities (up to 94 % ee). Notably, the product could be converted into the chiral tertiary alcohol derivative using a stereospecific boron functionalization process. The theoretical study of the mechanism for the enantioselectivity is also described.
Mixed La-Li heterobimetallic complexes for tertiary nitroaldol resolution
Hara, Keiichi,Tosaki, Shin-ya,Gnanadesikan, Vijay,Morimoto, Hiroyuki,Harada, Shinji,Sugita, Mari,Yamagiwa, Noriyuki,Matsunaga, Shigeki,Shibasaki, Masakatsu
scheme or table, p. 5030 - 5036 (2009/12/03)
Full details of the kinetic resolution of tertiary nitroaldols derived from simple ketones are described. Mixed BINOL/biphenol La-Li heterobimetallic complexes gave the best selectivity in retro-nitroaldol reactions of racemic tertiary nitroaldols. Using
Mixed La-Li heterobimetallic complexes for tertiary nitroaldol resolution
Tosaki, Shin-Ya,Hara, Keiichi,Gnanadesikan, Vijay,Morimoto, Hiroyuki,Harada, Shinji,Sugita, Mari,Yamagiwa, Noriyuki,Matsunaga, Shigeki,Shibasaki, Masakatsu
, p. 11776 - 11777 (2007/10/03)
A kinetic resolution of tertiary nitroaldols derived from simple ketones is described. Mixed BINOL/biphenol La-Li heterobimetallic complexes gave the best selectivity in retro-nitroaldol reactions of racemic tertiary nitroaldols. By using a mixture of La-Li3-(1a)3 complex (LLB 2a) and La-Li3-(1b)3 (LLB* 2b) complex in a ratio of 2/1, chiral tertiary nitroaldols were obtained in 80-97% ee and 30-47% recovery yield. Copyright
Thermolysis of 3-alkyl-3-methyl-1,2-dioxetanes: Activation parameters and chemiexcitation yields
Baumstark, Alfons L.,Anderson, Sean L.,Sapp, Chariety J.,Vasquez, Pedro C.
, p. 176 - 179 (2007/10/03)
3-Methyl-3-(3-pentyl)-1,2-dioxetane 1 and 3-methyl-3-(2,2-dimethyl-1-propyl)-1,2-dioxetane 2 were synthesized in low yield by the α-bromohydroperoxide method. The activation parameters were determined by the chemiluminescence method (for 1 ΔH? = 25.0 ± 0.3 kcal/mol, ΔS? = -1.0 entropy unit (e.u.), ΔG? = 25.3 kcal/mol, k1 (60°C) = 4.6 × 10-4s-1; for 2 ΔH? = 24.2 ± 0.2 kcal/mol, ΔS? = -2.0 e.u., ΔG? = 24.9 kcal/mol, k1 (60°C) = 9.2 × 10-4s-1. Thermolysis of 1-2 produced excited carbonyl fragments (direct production of high yields of triplets relative to excited singlets) (chemiexcitation yields for 1: φT = 0.02, φS ≤ 0.0005; for 2: φT = 0.02, φS ≤ 0.0004). The results are discussed in relation to a diradical-like mechanism.
Thermolysis of 3-alkyl-3-methyl-1,2-dioxetanes: Activation parameters and chemiexcitation yields
Baumstark, Alfons L.,Anderson, Sean L.,Sapp, Chariety J.,Vasquez, Pedro C.
, p. 459 - 462 (2007/10/03)
3-Methyl-3-(3-pentyl)-1,2-dioxetane 1 and 3-methyl-3-(2,2-dimethyl-1-propyl)-1,2-dioxetane 2 were synthesized in low yield by the α-bromohydroperoxide method. The activation parameters were determined by the chemiluminescence method (for 1 ΔH? = 25.0 ± 0.3 kcal/mol, ΔS? = -1.0 entropy unit (e.u.), ΔG? = 25.3 kcal/mol, k1 (60°C) = 4.6 × 10-4s-1. Thermolysis of 1-2 produced excited carbonyl fragments (direct production of high yields of triplets relative to excited singlets) (chemiexcitation yields) for 1: φT = 0.2, φ ≤ 0.0005; for 2: φT = 0.02 φS ≤ 0.0004). The results are discussed in relation to a radical-like mechanism.
Superacid-catalyzed selective formation-rearrangement of isoalkanes with carbon monoxide to branched ketones
Olah, George A.,Prakash, G. K. Surya,Mathew, Thomas,Marinez, Eric R.
, p. 2547 - 2548 (2007/10/03)
Efficient high octane oxygenate additives for gasoline, that is, branched aliphatic ketones, are the products of the title reaction of isoalkanes with carbon monoxide. Isobutane, for example, gives methyl isopropyl ketone in 91% yield and 93% selectivity (see scheme). The reaction gives no branched carboxylic acids, showing it to be independent of Koch carbonylation. The intriguing reaction is suggested to proceed through initial electrophilic C-H bond substitution by the formyl cation (or its protosolvated form), followed by rearrangement.
