6321-94-4

Upstream product

• 2258-42-6 formyl acetic anhydride 
• 873-74-5 4-Aminobenzonitrile 
• 623-00-7 4-bromobenzenecarbonitrile 
• 77287-34-4 formamide 
• 122-51-0 orthoformic acid triethyl ester 
• 68-12-2 N,N-dimethyl-formamide 
• 298-12-4 Glyoxilic acid 
• 16712-16-6 ammonium formate 
• 619-72-7 4-nitrobenzonitrile 
• 64-18-6 formic acid 
• 124-38-9 carbon dioxide 
• 123-76-2 levulinic acid 
• 70080-13-6 2-naphthylacetaldehyde 
• 1374146-86-7 C₁₀H₁₀N₂ 

Downstream Products

• 2980-80-5 4-isocyanobenzonitrile 
• 120672-82-4 p-cyanophenylcarbonimidoyl dichloride 
• 1026559-74-9 [1-(2,2-Dimethoxy-ethyl)-2-(4-formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidin-5-yl]-carbamic acid benzyl ester 
• 1026923-08-9 [5-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-(4-formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-6H-pyrimidin-1-yl]-acetic acid 
• 1025973-04-9 [2-(4-Formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-1-(2-oxo-ethyl)-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidin-5-yl]-carbamic acid benzyl ester 
• 1026356-03-5 1-(2,2-Dimethoxy-ethyl)-2-(4-formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester 
• 1027421-58-4 1-(2,2-Dimethoxy-ethyl)-2-(4-formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Palladium supported on MRGO@CoAl-LDH catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitroarenes and carbonylative Suzuki coupling reactions using formic acid as liquid CO and H2 source

In the present study, a heterogeneous palladium catalyst system, Pd nanoparticles supported on MRGO@CoAl-LDH, was synthesized and employed in reductive carbonylation of nitroarenes and carbonylative Suzuki coupling reactions using formic acid as CO and H2 source. The as-obtained heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The nanocatalyst was reused for 5 cycles with a negligible reduction in the yield of products. All reactions were carried out with high yields and under suitable and safe conditions. Also, we have successfully applied formic acid as a good and safe alternative to CO and H2 gases.

A Practical Approach for the Transamidation of N, N-Dimethyl Amides with Primary Amines Promoted by Sodium tert-Butoxide under Solvent-Free Conditions

A practical sodium tert-butoxide (NaO t Bu)-mediated protocol is disclosed for the transamidation of various N, N-dimethyl amides with primary amines to afford the corresponding amides in moderate to good yields at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. This protocol features a facile work-up procedure and good functional group compatibility, especially for N, N-dimethyl amides with long-chain alkyl groups and heteroatom-containing amines. Notably, a few representative gram-scale reactions proceed smoothly to furnish the desired amides in high yields, which demonstrates the potential of this process for further practical applications. Several control experiments are carried out and a plausible mechanism is provided.

Synthesis and leishmanicidal activity of novel urea, thiourea, and selenourea derivatives of diselenides

A novel series of thirty-one N-substituted urea, thiourea, and selenourea derivatives containing diphenyldiselenide entities were synthesized, fully characterized by spectroscopic and analytical methods, and screened for their in vitro leishmanicidal activities. The cytotoxic activity of these derivatives was tested against Leishmania infantum axenic amastigotes, and selectivity was assessed in human THP-1 cells. Thirteen of the synthesized compounds showed a significant antileishmanial activity, with 50% effective concentration (EC50) values lower than that for the reference drug miltefosine (EC50, 2.84 M). In addition, the derivatives 9, 11, 42, and 47, with EC50 between 1.1 and 1.95 M, also displayed excellent selectivity (selectivity index ranged from 12.4 to 22.7) and were tested against infected macrophages. Compound 11, a derivative with a cyclohexyl chain, exhibited the highest activity against intracellular amastigotes, with EC50 values similar to those observed for the standard drug edelfosine. Structure-activity relationship analyses revealed that N-aliphatic substitution in urea and selenourea is recommended for the leishmanicidal activity of these analogs. Preliminary studies of the mechanism of action for the hit compounds was carried out by measuring their ability to inhibit trypanothione reductase. Even though the obtained results suggest that this enzyme is not the target for most of these derivatives, their activity comparable to that of the standards and lack of toxicity in THP-1 cells highlight the potential of these compounds to be optimized for leishmaniasis treatment.

Cobalt nanoparticles anchoring on nitrogen doped carbon with excellent performances for transfer hydrogenation of nitrocompounds to primary amines and N-substituted formamides with formic acid

Cobalt nanoparticles anchoring on nitrogen doped carbon derived from pyrolysis of a cobalt complex and chitosan were developed for reduction of nitrocompounds with neat formic acid to their corresponding amines or N-substituted formamides by switch of solvents. Characterization results revealed that most of the nitrogen atoms are present as graphitic N and pyridinic N as anchoring sites, and the cobalt nanoparticles are wrapped by nitrogen doped carbon layers, endowing the catalyst with excellent activity and superior reusability.

One-pot photocalalytic reductive formylation of nitroarenes via multielectron transfer by carbon nitride in functional eutectic medium

In the past years organic semiconductor photocatalysis has made the remarkable advances in developing efficient synthetic chemical routes to well refined structures. Until now, most efforts were focused on optimizing of the semiconductor photocatalyst, while solvents were largely ignored. Herein, we design a series of functional deep eutectic solvents (DES) with adjustable physicochemical properties – density, viscosity, glass transition temperature, and chemical activity towards reductive formylation of nitroarenes. The DES are prepared from abundant, sustainable resources, which makes them an affordable alternative to the ionic liquids, even on larger industrial scales. By combining the ammonium formate-based DES with carbon nitride photocatalyst, we enable the simultaneous six-electron reduction of nitro-compounds to the corresponding N-substituted formamides and benzimidazoles in one pot.

Catalyst-Free Transamidation of Aromatic Amines with Formamide Derivatives and Tertiary Amides with Aliphatic Amines

A simple catalyst- and promoter-free protocol has been developed for the transamidation of weakly nucleophilic aromatic amines with formamide derivatives and low-reactivity tertiary amides with aliphatic amines. This strategy is advantageous because no catalyst or promoters are needed, no additives are required, separation and purification is easy, and the reaction is scalable. Significantly, this strategy was further applied to synthesize several pharmaceutical molecules on a gram scale, and excellent yields were achieved.

Potassium tert-Butoxide Prompted Highly Efficient Transamidation and Its Coordination Radical Mechanism

A simple and highly efficient protocol was developed for the transamidation of N,N-disubstituted amides with primary amines in the presence of tBuOK, affording desired products in good to excellent yields. This reaction proceeded under nitrogen atmosphere and featured extensive substrate tolerance. Experimental investigation suggested that a coordination radical process enhanced this transformation.

KOtBu-Promoted Transition-Metal-Free Transamidation of Primary and Tertiary Amides with Amines

This work discloses transamidation of primary and tertiary amides with a range of aryl, heteroaryl, and aliphatic amines using potassium tert-butoxide. The reaction proceeds at room temperature under transition-metal-free conditions providing secondary amides in high yields. Moreover, reaction of cyclopropyl amine with tertiary amides proceeds with ring-opening to provide a rapid access to enamides.

Palladium-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of N -Sulfonyl, N -Phosphoryl, and N -Acyl Guanidines

An efficient palladium-catalyzed cascade reaction of azides with isonitrile and amines is presented; it offers an alternative facile approach toward N -sulfonyl-, N -phosphoryl-, and N -acyl-functionalized guanidines in excellent yield. These series of substituted guanidines exhibit potential biological and pharmacological activities. In addition, the less reactive intermediate benzoyl carbodiimide could be isolated by silica gel column flash chromatography in moderate yield.

Visible-Light-Induced Radical Cascade Cyclization: Synthesis of the ABCD Ring Cores of Camptothecins

A new strategy for constructing indolizino[1,2-b]quinolin-9(11H)-ones (ring cores of camptothecins) from readily available isocyanoarenes and N-(alkyl-2-yn-1-yl)pyridin-2(1H)-ones has been developed through a visible-light-induced radical cascade cyclization process. The reaction proceeds under mild conditions with fair to excellent yields. The easy introduction of substituents for both reactants and the broad functional group tolerance of the reaction make it a straightforward route to the cores of the marketed camptothecins and their derivatives.