6321-94-4

Upstream product

• 64-18-6 formic acid 
• 873-74-5 4-Aminobenzonitrile 
• 122-51-0 orthoformic acid triethyl ester 
• 104-53-0 3-phenyl-propionaldehyde 
• 1374146-86-7 C₁₀H₁₀N₂ 
• 70080-13-6 2-naphthylacetaldehyde 
• 68-12-2 N,N-dimethyl-formamide 
• 123-76-2 levulinic acid 
• 77287-34-4 formamide 
• 16712-16-6 ammonium formate 
• 619-72-7 4-nitrobenzonitrile 
• 124-38-9 carbon dioxide 
• 298-12-4 Glyoxilic acid 
• 623-00-7 4-bromobenzenecarbonitrile 

Downstream Products

• 2980-80-5 4-isocyanobenzonitrile 
• 120672-82-4 p-cyanophenylcarbonimidoyl dichloride 
• 1026559-74-9 [1-(2,2-Dimethoxy-ethyl)-2-(4-formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidin-5-yl]-carbamic acid benzyl ester 
• 1026923-08-9 [5-Benzyloxycarbonylamino-2-(4-formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-6H-pyrimidin-1-yl]-acetic acid 
• 1025973-04-9 [2-(4-Formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-1-(2-oxo-ethyl)-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidin-5-yl]-carbamic acid benzyl ester 
• 1026356-03-5 1-(2,2-Dimethoxy-ethyl)-2-(4-formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester 
• 1027421-58-4 1-(2,2-Dimethoxy-ethyl)-2-(4-formylamino-phenyl)-6-oxo-1,6-dihydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Palladium supported on MRGO@CoAl-LDH catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitroarenes and carbonylative Suzuki coupling reactions using formic acid as liquid CO and H2 source

In the present study, a heterogeneous palladium catalyst system, Pd nanoparticles supported on MRGO@CoAl-LDH, was synthesized and employed in reductive carbonylation of nitroarenes and carbonylative Suzuki coupling reactions using formic acid as CO and H2 source. The as-obtained heterogeneous catalyst was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The nanocatalyst was reused for 5 cycles with a negligible reduction in the yield of products. All reactions were carried out with high yields and under suitable and safe conditions. Also, we have successfully applied formic acid as a good and safe alternative to CO and H2 gases.

A Practical Approach for the Transamidation of N, N-Dimethyl Amides with Primary Amines Promoted by Sodium tert-Butoxide under Solvent-Free Conditions

A practical sodium tert-butoxide (NaO t Bu)-mediated protocol is disclosed for the transamidation of various N, N-dimethyl amides with primary amines to afford the corresponding amides in moderate to good yields at room temperature under solvent-free conditions. This protocol features a facile work-up procedure and good functional group compatibility, especially for N, N-dimethyl amides with long-chain alkyl groups and heteroatom-containing amines. Notably, a few representative gram-scale reactions proceed smoothly to furnish the desired amides in high yields, which demonstrates the potential of this process for further practical applications. Several control experiments are carried out and a plausible mechanism is provided.

Synthesis and leishmanicidal activity of novel urea, thiourea, and selenourea derivatives of diselenides

A novel series of thirty-one N-substituted urea, thiourea, and selenourea derivatives containing diphenyldiselenide entities were synthesized, fully characterized by spectroscopic and analytical methods, and screened for their in vitro leishmanicidal activities. The cytotoxic activity of these derivatives was tested against Leishmania infantum axenic amastigotes, and selectivity was assessed in human THP-1 cells. Thirteen of the synthesized compounds showed a significant antileishmanial activity, with 50% effective concentration (EC50) values lower than that for the reference drug miltefosine (EC50, 2.84 M). In addition, the derivatives 9, 11, 42, and 47, with EC50 between 1.1 and 1.95 M, also displayed excellent selectivity (selectivity index ranged from 12.4 to 22.7) and were tested against infected macrophages. Compound 11, a derivative with a cyclohexyl chain, exhibited the highest activity against intracellular amastigotes, with EC50 values similar to those observed for the standard drug edelfosine. Structure-activity relationship analyses revealed that N-aliphatic substitution in urea and selenourea is recommended for the leishmanicidal activity of these analogs. Preliminary studies of the mechanism of action for the hit compounds was carried out by measuring their ability to inhibit trypanothione reductase. Even though the obtained results suggest that this enzyme is not the target for most of these derivatives, their activity comparable to that of the standards and lack of toxicity in THP-1 cells highlight the potential of these compounds to be optimized for leishmaniasis treatment.

One-pot photocalalytic reductive formylation of nitroarenes via multielectron transfer by carbon nitride in functional eutectic medium

In the past years organic semiconductor photocatalysis has made the remarkable advances in developing efficient synthetic chemical routes to well refined structures. Until now, most efforts were focused on optimizing of the semiconductor photocatalyst, while solvents were largely ignored. Herein, we design a series of functional deep eutectic solvents (DES) with adjustable physicochemical properties – density, viscosity, glass transition temperature, and chemical activity towards reductive formylation of nitroarenes. The DES are prepared from abundant, sustainable resources, which makes them an affordable alternative to the ionic liquids, even on larger industrial scales. By combining the ammonium formate-based DES with carbon nitride photocatalyst, we enable the simultaneous six-electron reduction of nitro-compounds to the corresponding N-substituted formamides and benzimidazoles in one pot.

Cobalt nanoparticles anchoring on nitrogen doped carbon with excellent performances for transfer hydrogenation of nitrocompounds to primary amines and N-substituted formamides with formic acid

Cobalt nanoparticles anchoring on nitrogen doped carbon derived from pyrolysis of a cobalt complex and chitosan were developed for reduction of nitrocompounds with neat formic acid to their corresponding amines or N-substituted formamides by switch of solvents. Characterization results revealed that most of the nitrogen atoms are present as graphitic N and pyridinic N as anchoring sites, and the cobalt nanoparticles are wrapped by nitrogen doped carbon layers, endowing the catalyst with excellent activity and superior reusability.

Catalyst-Free Transamidation of Aromatic Amines with Formamide Derivatives and Tertiary Amides with Aliphatic Amines

A simple catalyst- and promoter-free protocol has been developed for the transamidation of weakly nucleophilic aromatic amines with formamide derivatives and low-reactivity tertiary amides with aliphatic amines. This strategy is advantageous because no catalyst or promoters are needed, no additives are required, separation and purification is easy, and the reaction is scalable. Significantly, this strategy was further applied to synthesize several pharmaceutical molecules on a gram scale, and excellent yields were achieved.

Potassium tert-Butoxide Prompted Highly Efficient Transamidation and Its Coordination Radical Mechanism

A simple and highly efficient protocol was developed for the transamidation of N,N-disubstituted amides with primary amines in the presence of tBuOK, affording desired products in good to excellent yields. This reaction proceeded under nitrogen atmosphere and featured extensive substrate tolerance. Experimental investigation suggested that a coordination radical process enhanced this transformation.

KOtBu-Promoted Transition-Metal-Free Transamidation of Primary and Tertiary Amides with Amines

This work discloses transamidation of primary and tertiary amides with a range of aryl, heteroaryl, and aliphatic amines using potassium tert-butoxide. The reaction proceeds at room temperature under transition-metal-free conditions providing secondary amides in high yields. Moreover, reaction of cyclopropyl amine with tertiary amides proceeds with ring-opening to provide a rapid access to enamides.

Selective Gold-Catalysed Synthesis of Cyanamides and 1-Substituted 1H-Tetrazol-5-Amines from Isocyanides

The newly discovered gold-catalysed reaction of isocyanides with hydrazoic acid generated in situ from trimethylsilyl azide and methanol (or, alternatively, from NaN3/AcOH) produces either cyanamides or 1-substituted 1H-tetrazol-5-amines, depending on the amount of available HN3. The reaction proceeds selectively and in generally high yields of either product, thus providing a particularly convenient access to a wide range of substituted 1H-tetrazol-5-amines that are rather difficult to access otherwise.

TEMPO-Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidative Selenium Insertion Reaction: Synthesis of 3-Selenylindole Derivatives by Multicomponent Reaction of Isocyanides, Selenium Powder, Amines, and Indoles under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions

A novel and efficient approach for the selenium functionalization of indoles was developed with selenium powder as the selenium source, catalyzed by 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxy (TEMPO) and employing O2 as the green oxidant. This protocol provides a practical route for the synthesis of 3-selenylindole derivatives and has the advantages of readily available starting materials, mild reaction conditions, and a wide scope of substrates. Electron spin-resonance (ESR) studies reveal that the approach involves the formation of nitrogen-centered radicals and selenium radicals via oxidation of in situ generated selenoates.