72474-42-1Relevant articles and documents
TEMPO-Regulated Regio- and Stereoselective Cross-Dihalogenation with Dual Electrophilic X+ Reagents
Kong, Yi,Cao, Tongxiang,Zhu, Shifa
, p. 3004 - 3010 (2021/08/23)
A TEMPO catalyzed cross-dihalogenation reaction was established via redox-regulation of the otherwise complex system of dual electrophilic X+ reagents. Formally, the ICl, BrCl, I2 and Br2 were generated in-situ, which enabled high regio- or stereoselective access to a myriad of iodochlorination, bromochlorination and homo-dihalogenation products with a wide spectrum of functionalities. With its mild conditions and operational simplicity, this method could enable wide applications in organic synthesis, which was exemplified by divergent synthesis of two pharmaceuticals. Detailed mechanistic investigations via radical clock reaction, pinacol ring expansion and Hammett experiments were conducted, which confirmed the intermediacy of halonium ion. In addition, a dynamic catalytic model based on the versatile catalytic role of TEMPO was proposed to explain the selective outcomes.
An easy access to trisubstituted vinyl chlorides and improved synthesis of chloro/bromostilbenes
Muthiah,Kumar, K. Praveen,Kumaraswamy, Sudha,Kumara Swamy
, p. 14315 - 14326 (2007/10/03)
The α-chlorophosphonates (OCH2CMe2CH2O)P(O)CHCl-C6H4-4-R [R=H (4), Me (5), OMe (6)], which are now readily accessible, react with ketones R'C(O)R' in the presence of NaH (without recourse to the more expensive t- BuLi) to afford trisubstituted vinyl halides R'C(R')=CCl(C6H4-4-R) in good yields. The corresponding α-bromophosphonates [R=H (7), Me (8)] failed to react with ketones and gave the symmetrical acetylenes 4-R-C6H4-C=C- C6H44-R as isolable products in low yield. We have found that K2CO3 in refluxing xylene is a good base for the synthesis of chlorostilbenes; using this base the bromostilbenes ArCH=CBr(C6H44-R) can be prepared in significantly higher yields than by using NaH. The stereochemistry of two of the trisubstituted vinyl chlorides is unambiguously proven by X-ray structure determination. Thus for (Cl)PhC=CPh(Me), the isomer with the upfield NMR shift for the CH3 protons and for (Cl)PhC=C(Ph)(C6H4-4-Me), the isomer with the downfield NMR shift for the -C6H4-4-CH3 protons have Z stereochemistry.
Triarylhaloethylenes as gonadotrophin inhibitors
Palopoli,Feil,Holtkamp,Richardson Jr.
, p. 1333 - 1335 (2007/10/06)
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