7790-92-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Melatonin prevents hypochlorous acid-mediated cyanocobalamin destruction and cyanogen chloride generation
Jeelani, Roohi,Maitra, Dhiman,Chatzicharalampous, Charalampos,Najeemuddin, Syed,Morris, Robert T.,Abu-Soud, Husam M.
, (2018)
Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a potent cytotoxic oxidant generated by the enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chloride (Cl?). Elevated levels of HOCl play an important role in various pathological conditions through oxidative modification of several biomolecules. Recently, we have highlighted the ability of HOCl to mediate the destruction of the metal-ion derivatives of tetrapyrrole macrocyclic rings such as hemoproteins and vitamin B12 (VB12) derivatives. Destruction of cyanocobalamin, a common pharmacological form of VB12 mediated by HOCl, results in the generation of toxic molecular products such as chlorinated derivatives, corrin ring cleavage products, the toxic blood agents cyanide (CN?) and cyanogen chloride (CNCl), and redox-active free cobalt. Here, we show that melatonin prevents HOCl-mediated cyanocobalamin destruction, using a combination of UV-Vis spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography analysis, and colorimetric CNCl assay. Identification of several melatonin oxidation products suggests that the protective role of melatonin against HOCl-mediated cyanocobalamin destruction and subsequent CNCl generation is at the expense of melatonin oxidation. Collectively, this work highlights that, in addition to acting as an antioxidant and as a MPO inhibitor, melatonin can also prevent VB12 deficiency in inflammatory conditions such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, among many others.
AQUEOUS SOLUTION HAVING HYPOCHLOROUS ACID AS MAIN COMPONENT
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Paragraph 0038-0048, (2021/11/02)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solution having hypochlorous acid with improved storage stability as a main component. SOLUTION: The present invention discloses an aqueous solution having hypochlorous acid as a main component in which 40 mol% or more of the total sum of chlorine in the aqueous solution is chlorine of hypochlorous acid: particularly, an aqueous solution having hypochlorous acid as a main component in which 40 mol% or more of the total sum of chlorine in the aqueous solution is chlorine of hypochlorous acid, in which the total sum of alkali metal ions and alkaline earth metal ions is less than 1 mEq/L, and in which the total sum of negative ions in the aqueous solution other than hypochlorous acid is less than 10 mg/L, and which suppress metal corrosion. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2022,JPOandINPIT
Myeloperoxidase-mediated oxidation of edaravone produces an apparent non-toxic free radical metabolite and modulates hydrogen peroxide-mediated cytotoxicity in HL-60?cells
Suh, Lindsey Y.K.,Babu, Dinesh,Tonoyan, Lusine,Reiz, Béla,Whittal, Randy,Tabatabaei-Dakhili, S. Amirhossein,Morgan, Andrew G.,Velázquez-Martínez, Carlos A.,Siraki, Arno G.
, p. 422 - 432 (2019/09/06)
Edaravone is considered to be a potent antioxidant drug known to scavenge free radical species and prevent free radical-induced lipid peroxidation. In this study, we investigated the effect of edaravone on the myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, an enzyme res
Catalase prevents myeloperoxidase self-destruction in response to oxidative stress
Ali, Iyad,Khan, Sana N.,Chatzicharalampous, Charalampos,Bai, David,Abu-Soud, Husam M.
, (2019/05/21)
Catalase (CAT) and myeloperoxiase (MPO) are heme-containing enzymes that have attracted attention for their role in the etiology of numerous respiratory disorders such as cystic fibrosis, bronchial asthma, and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. However, information regarding the interrelationship and competition between the two enzymes, free iron accumulation, and decreased levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants at sites of inflammation is still lacking. Myeloperoxidase catalyzes the generation of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) from the reaction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and chloride (Cl?). Self-generated HOCl has recently been proposed to auto-inhibit MPO through a mechanism that involves MPO heme destruction. Here, we investigate the interplay of MPO, HOCl, and CAT during catalysis, and explore the crucial role of MPO inhibitors and HOCl scavengers in protecting the catalytic site from protein modification of both enzymes against oxidative damage mediated by HOCl. We showed that CAT not only competes with MPO for H2O2 but also scavenges HOCl. The protective role provided by CAT versus the damaging effect provided by HOCl depends in part on the ratio between MPO/CAT and the affinity of the enzymes towards H2O2 versus HOCl. The severity of such damaging effects mainly depends on the ratio of HOCl to enzyme heme content. In addition to its effect in mediating protein modification and aggregation, HOCl oxidatively destroys the catalytic sites of the enzymes, which contain porphyrin rings and iron. Thus, modulation of MPO/CAT activities may be a fundamental feature of catalysis, and functions to down-regulate HOCl synthesis and prevent hemoprotein heme destruction and/or protein modification.
COMPOSITIONS OF HYPOCHLOROUS ACID(HOCl) AND METHODS OF MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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Paragraph 0029-0032, (2015/06/10)
The invention generally relates to compositions of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and methods of manufacture thereof. In certain aspects, the invention provides air-free compositions of HOCl. In other aspects, the invention provides methods of making HOCl that involve mixing together in water in an air-free environment, a compound that generates a proton (H+) in water and a compound that generates a hypochlorite anion (OCl?) in water to thereby produce air-free hypochlorous acid.
Photoreduction of Pt(IV) halo-hydroxo complexes: Possible hypohalous acid elimination
Wickramasinghe, Lasantha A.,Sharp, Paul R.
, p. 1430 - 1442 (2014/03/21)
Concentrated hydrogen peroxide addition to trans-Pt(PEt3) 2Cl(R) [1 (R = 9-phenanthryl), 2 (R = 4-trifluoromethylphenyl)] yields hydroxo-hydroperoxo complexes trans-Pt(PEt3) 2(Cl)(OOH)(OH)(R) [5 (R = 9-phenanthryl), 4 (R = 4- trifluoromethylphenyl)], where the hydroperoxo ligand is trans to R. Complex 5 is unstable and reacts with solvent CH2Cl2 to give trans,cis-Pt(PEt3)2(Cl)2(OH)(9-phenanthryl) (3). Treatment of 4 with HCl yields analogous trans,cis-Pt(PEt3) 2(Cl)2(OH)(4-trifluoromethylphenyl) (6) and HBr gives trans-Pt(PEt3)2(Br)(Cl)(OH)(4-trifluoromethylphenyl) (7), where the Br and 4-trifluoromethylphenyl ligands are trans. Photolysis of 3 or 6 at 313 or 380 nm causes reduction to trans-Pt(PEt3)2Cl(R) (1 or 2, respectively). Expected coproduct HOCl is not detected, but authentic solutions of HOCl are shown to decompose under the reaction conditions. Chlorobenzene and other unidentified products that oxidize PPh3 to OPPh3 are detected in photolyzed benzene solutions. Photolysis of 3 or 6 in the presence of 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene (TME) yields the chlorohydrin (2-chloro-2,3-dimethyl-3-butanol), 3-chloro-2,3-dimethyl-1-butene, and acetone, all expected products from HOCl trapping, but additional oxidation products are also observed. Photolysis of mixed chloro-bromo complex 7 with TME yields the bromohydrin (2-bromo-2,3-dimethyl-3-butanol) and 2, consistent with cis-elimination of HOBr. Computational results (TDDFT and DFT) and photochemistry of related complexes suggest a dissociative triplet excited state reaction pathway and that HOCl elimination may occur by an incipient hydroxo radical abstraction of an adjacent halogen atom, but a pathway involving hydroxo radical reaction with solvent or TME to generate a carbon-based radical followed by halogen abstraction from Pt cannot be eliminated.
SOLUTION CONTAINING HYPOCHLOROUS ACID AND METHODS OF USING SAME
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Page/Page column 13, (2010/12/31)
The present invention relates to low pH antimicrobial solutions comprising hypochlorous acid, water, and, optionally, a buffer. The inventive low pH antimicrobial solutions have a pH from about 4 to about 6 and are useful for treating impaired or damaged tissue and for disinfecting surfaces. Chemical processes for the production of the low pH antimicrobial solutions are also provided wherein chlorine gas is added to a buffer solution containing a buffering agent and water. The present invention also provides an electrochemical process for the production of the low pH antimicrobial solutions.
METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF PAIN
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Page/Page column 25, (2008/12/07)
The invention features methods, kits, and compositions for the treatment of pain.
Effect of chloride ion on the kinetics and mechanism of the reaction between chlorite ion and hypochlorous acid
Kormanyos, Balazs,Nagypal, Istvan,Peintler, Gabor,Horvath, Attila K.
, p. 7914 - 7920 (2009/02/08)
The effect of chloride ion on the chlorine dioxide formation in the ClO2--HOCl reaction was studied by following ?ClO2 concentration spectrophotometrically at pH 5-6 in 0.5 M sodium acetate. On the basis of the earlier experimental data collected without initially added chloride and on new experiments, the earlier kinetic model was modified and extended to interpret the two series of experiments together. It was found that the chloride ion significantly increases the initial rate of ?ClO2 formation. At the same time, the ?ClO2 yield is increased in HOCl but decreased in ClO2- excess by the increase of the chloride ion concentration. The two-step hydrolysis of dissolved chlorine through Cl2 + H2O ? Cl 2OH- + H+ and Cl2OH- ? HOCl + Cl- and the increased reactivity of Cl 2OH- compared to HOCl are proposed to explain these phenomena. It is reinforced that the hydrolysis of the transient Cl 2O2 takes place through a HOCl-catalyzed step instead of the spontaneous hydrolysis. A seven-step kinetic model with six rate parameters (constants and/or ratio of constants) is proposed on the basis of the rigorous least-squares fitting of the parameters simultaneously to 129 absorbance versus time curves measured up to ～90% conversion. The advantage of this method of evaluation is briefly outlined.
Kinetics and mechanisms of aqueous chlorine reactions with chlorite ion in the presence of chloride ion and acetic acid/acetate buffer
Nicoson, Jeffrey S.,Margerum, Dale W.
, p. 342 - 347 (2008/10/08)
The kinetics and mechanism of the reaction between Cl2 and CIO2- are studied in acetate buffer by stopped-flow spectrometric observation of CIO2 formation. The reaction is first-order in [CI2] and [CIO2-], with a rate constant of k1 = (5.7 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 s-1 at 25.0 °C. Nucleophilic attack by CIO2- on CI2, with CI+ transfer to form CIOCIO and CI-, is proposed as the rate-determining step. A possible two-step electron-transfer mechanism for CI2 and CIO2- is refuted by the lack of CIO2 suppression. The yield Of CIO2 is much less than 100%, due to the rapid reactions of the metastable CIOCIO intermediate via two competing pathways. In one path, CIOCIO reacts with CIO2- to form 2CIO2 and CI-, while in the other path it hydrolyzes to give CIO3- and CI-. The observed rate constant also is affected by acetate-assisted hydrolysis of CI2. The rate of CI2 loss is suppressed as the concentration of CI- increases, due to the formation of CI3-. In excess CIO2-, a much slower formation of CIO2 is observed after the initial CI2 reaction, due to the presence of HOCI, which reacts with H+ and CI- to re-form steady-state levels of CI2.
