91-48-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Click amidations, esterifications and one–pot reactions catalyzed by Cu salts and multimetal–organic frameworks (M–MOFs)
Armentano, Donatella,Ferrando-Soria, Jesús,Greco, Rossella,Leyva-Pérez, Antonio,Palomar-De Lucas, Brenda,Pardo, Emilio,Tiburcio, Estefanía
, (2022/03/17)
Amides and esters are prevalent chemicals in Nature, industry and academic laboratories. Thus, it is not surprising that a plethora of synthetic methods for these compounds has been developed along the years. However, these methods are not 100% atom economical and generally require harsh reagents or reaction conditions. Here we show a “spring–loaded”, 100% atom–efficient amidation and esterification protocol which consists in the ring opening of cyclopropenones with amines or alcohols. Some alkyl amines react spontaneously at room temperature in a variety of solvents and reaction conditions, including water at different pHs, while other alkyl amines, aromatic amines and alcohols react in the presence of catalytic amounts of simple Cu2+ salts or solids. A modular reactivity pattern (alkyl amines >> alkyl alcohols >> phenols >> aromatic amines) enables to design orthogonal and one–pot reactions on well–defined catalytic Multimetal–Organic Frameworks (M–MOFs, M= Cu, Ni, Pd), to easily functionalize the resulting cinnamides and cinnamic esters to more complex molecules. The strong resemblance of the amidation and esterification reaction conditions here reported with the copper–catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) allows to define this fast, clean and flexible protocol as a click reaction.
Hydrocarboxylation of alkynes with formic acid over multifunctional ligand modified Pd-catalyst with co-catalytic effect
Chen, Xiao-Chao,Guo, Lin,Liu, Lei,Liu, Ye,Lu, Yong,Yao, Yin-Qing,Zhao, Xiao-Li
, p. 322 - 332 (2022/01/06)
Hydrocarboxylation of terminal alkynes with formic acid (FA) was accomplished over a multifunctional ligand (L2) modified Pd-catalyst, advantageous with 100% atom-economy, free use of CO and H2O, mild reaction conditions, and high yields (56–89%) of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids with 100% regioselectivity to the branched ones. The multifunctional ligand of L2 as a zwitterion salt containing the phosphino-fragment (-PPh2), Lewis acidic phosphonium cation and sulfonate group (-SO3?), was constructed on the skeleton of 1.1′-binaphthyl-2.2′-diphenyl phosphine (BINAP) upon selective quaternization by 1,3-propanesultone. It was found that L2 conferred to the Pd-catalyst the co-catalytic effect, wherein the phosphino-coordinated Pd-complex was responsible for activation of all the substrates (including CO, FA and alkyne), and the incorporated phosphonium cation was responsible for synergetic activation of FA. The 1H NMR spectroscopic analysis supported that FA was truly activated by the incorporated Lewis acidic phosphonium cation in L2 via “acid-base pair” interaction. The in situ FT-IR spectra demonstrated that, the presence of Ac2O and NaOAc additives in the catalytic amount could dramatically promote the in situ release of CO from FA, which was required to initiate the hydrocarboxylation.
Method for preparing alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid compound
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Paragraph 0103-0104; 0527-0531, (2021/05/05)
The invention discloses a method for preparing an alpha, beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid compound, which comprises the following steps: 1) in an atmosphere containing carbon dioxide, heating and reacting a mixture containing hydrosilane and a copper catalyst to obtain a system I; and 2) adding a raw material containing alkyne and a nickel catalyst into the system I in the step 1), and heating to react. The method has the advantages of simple, easily available, cheap and stable raw materials, common, easily available and stable catalyst, mild reaction conditions, simple post-treatment, high yield and the like.
Novel stilbene scaffolds efficiently targetMycobacterium tuberculosisnucleoid-associated protein, HU
Peraman, Ramalingam,Meka, Geethavani,Chilamakuru, Naresh Babu,Kutagulla, Vinay Kumar,Malla, Saloni,Ashby, Charles R.,Tiwari, Amit K.,Yiragamreddy, Padmanabha Reddy
, p. 10683 - 10692 (2021/06/27)
Novel scaffolds of stilbene were identified as inhibitors ofMycobacterium tuberculosisby targeting the nucleoid-associated protein, HU, using molecular docking. Based on the proposed combinatorial libraries I to VI, structures I and III had significantly greater docking binding energy that was comparable to that of the reference ligand, protein HU, fromMycobacterium tuberculosis.Using these docking results, 18 compounds were synthesized, characterized and evaluated forin vitroantitubercular (anti-TB) efficacy in theMycobacterium tuberculosisstrain, H37Rv. Thein vitroscreening results indicated a significant positive correlation between the docking binding efficacy (r2> 0.5) and clogp. Compounds3f,3dand4fwere ranked as top scoring ligands that interacted with amino acids ARG 53, ARG 55, PRO 81, PHE 79, and LYS 13, where the -NO2or -Cl substitution at theparaposition of the 3-phenyl ring was essential for interacting of the HU protein. The hydrogen bonding with ARG 55 and LYS 13 of these compounds was similar to that with the reference ligand that inhibits the HUMtbprotein. Compounds3d,3f, and4fwere evaluated as active leads, with MIC90 values of 21.3, 23.2 and 44.1 μM, respectively. The above mentioned compounds were also evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal efficacy in a panel of selected bacteria and fungi. Compound3dhad efficacy (MIC90: 6.82 μM) inS. aureusandE. coli. Compound3fwas also efficacious inE. coliandA. Niger, with an MIC90 value of 7.42 μM for both microorganisms. The fluoro-phenyl derivatives,3iand4i, were efficacious inC. albicans(MIC90 values of 8.2 and 7.8 μM, respectively) andA. niger(MIC90 values of 4.1 and 3.1 μM, respectively). Our results suggest that substitutions at theparaposition of 3-phenyl acryl derivatives with -NO2and -Cl significantly affected the binding interactions with the HUMtb protein in the docking studies. Furthermore these compounds had antitubercular and antimicrobial efficacy. The substituted phenyl acrylic acid and hydrazides could be inhibitors of the HUMtb protein ofMycobacterium tuberculosis.
Access to α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids through water-soluble palladium catalyzed hydroxycarbonylation of alkynes using water as the solvent
Gao, Mingjie,Jia, Xiaofei,Lv, Jinhe,Ren, Xinyi,Song, Jiaxin,Xie, Congxia,Zhang, Jinrong,Zhang, Kai,Zhao, Jinyu,Zhou, Ziqin,Zong, Lingbo
, p. 4708 - 4713 (2021/07/26)
A sulfoxantphos modified palladium-catalyzed synthesis of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids from alkynes with CO and H2O was described. The atom-economic hydroxycarbonylation of various symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkynes can be achieved with chemo-, stereo-, and regioselectivity, affording the corresponding carboxylic acids in good to excellent yields. Using water as the reaction solvent, the water-soluble palladium catalyst was easily separated from the product and could be reused for 5 cycles.
Palladium catalyzed 8-aminoimidazo[1,2-: A] pyridine (AIP) directed selective β-C(sp2)-H arylation
Mondal, Biswajit,Ghosh, Prasanjit,Kundu, Mrinalkanti,Das, Tapas Kumar,Das, Sajal
, p. 360 - 364 (2021/01/29)
Palladium catalyzed arylation of the inert β-C(sp2)-H bond of carboxylic acid derivatives is reported herein for the first time utilizing 8-aminoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine (AIP) as an efficacious and new inbuilt 6,5-fused bicyclic removable directing group. This protocol is scalable, exhibits high levels of β-site selectivity and tolerates a broad spectrum of functional groups. This journal is
The synergistic copper/ppm Pd-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of alkynes with formic acid as a CO surrogate as well as a hydrogen source: An alternative indirect utilization of CO2
Chen, Kai-Hong,He, Liang-Nian,Qiu, Li-Qi,Xia, Shu-Mei,Yang, Zhi-Wen,Yao, Xiang-Yang
supporting information, p. 8089 - 8095 (2021/11/01)
An unprecedented strategy has been developed involving the earth-abundant Cu-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of alkynes with HCOOH to (E)-acrylic derivatives with high regio- and stereoselectivity via synergistic effects with ppm levels of a Pd catalyst. Both symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkynes bearing various functional groups were successfully hydrocarboxylated with HCOOH, and the modification of a pharmaceutical molecule exemplified the practicability of this process. This protocol employs HCOOH as both a CO surrogate and hydrogen donor with 100% atom economy and it can be viewed as an alternative approach for indirect CO2 utilization. Mechanistic investigations indicate a Cu/ppm Pd cooperative catalysis mechanism via alkenylcopper species as potential intermediates formed from Cu-hydride active catalytic species with HCOOH as a hydrogen source. This bimetallic system involving inexpensive Cu and trace Pd provides a reliable and efficient hydrocarboxylation method to access industrially useful acrylic derivatives with HCOOH as a hydrogen source, and it provides novel clues for optimizing other Cu-H-related co-catalytic systems.
Method for synthesizing alpha-acrylic acid compound by catalyzing carbon dioxide and alkyne with palladium
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Paragraph 0117-0123, (2020/05/02)
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and discloses a method for synthesizing an alpha-acrylic acid compound by catalyzing carbon dioxide and alkyne with palladium. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding an alkyne compound, a palladium salt catalyst, alkali, a diphosphine ligand, a silane reducing agent and a solvent into a high-pressure reactionkettle, introducing carbon dioxide, stirring and reacting at 60-120 DEG C, washing a reaction liquid with water for extraction, and separating for purification to obtain the alpha-acrylic acid compound. By using the palladium salt as the catalyst and the diphosphine ligand as the ligand, the method has the characteristics of high yield, single selectivity, wide substrate applicability and the like. In addition, by taking the alkyne compound and carbon dioxide as raw materials in the reaction, the method has the advantages as follows: the raw materials are simple and easily available, the operation is simple and convenient and the atom economy is high.
Exploration of New Biomass-Derived Solvents: Application to Carboxylation Reactions
Gevorgyan, Ashot,Hopmann, Kathrin H.,Bayer, Annette
, p. 2080 - 2088 (2020/02/20)
A range of hitherto unexplored biomass-derived chemicals have been evaluated as new sustainable solvents for a large variety of CO2-based carboxylation reactions. Known biomass-derived solvents (biosolvents) are also included in the study and the results are compared with commonly used solvents for the reactions. Biosolvents can be efficiently applied in a variety of carboxylation reactions, such as Cu-catalyzed carboxylation of organoboranes and organoboronates, metal-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation, borocarboxylation, and other related reactions. For many of these reactions, the use of biosolvents provides comparable or better yields than the commonly used solvents. The best biosolvents identified are the so far unexplored candidates isosorbide dimethyl ether, acetaldehyde diethyl acetal, rose oxide, and eucalyptol, alongside the known biosolvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. This strategy was used for the synthesis of the commercial drugs Fenoprofen and Flurbiprofen.
Macrolactam Synthesis via Ring-Closing Alkene-Alkene Cross-Coupling Reactions
Goh, Jeffrey,Loh, Teck-Peng,Maraswami, Manikantha
supporting information, p. 9724 - 9728 (2020/12/21)
Reported herein is a practical method for macrolactam synthesis via a Rh(III)-catalyzed ring closing alkene-alkene cross-coupling reaction. The reaction proceeded via a Rh-catalyzed alkenyl sp2 C-H activation process, which allows access to macrocyclic molecules of different ring sizes. Macrolactams containing a conjugated diene framework could be easily prepared in high chemoselectivities and Z,E stereoselectivities.
