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Usage

Uses

Used in Cosmetics and Personal Care Products:
Benzylparaben is used as a preservative in cosmetics and personal care products to prevent the growth of microorganisms and extend the shelf life of the products.
Used in Pharmaceutical Preparations:
Benzylparaben is used as a preservative in pharmaceutical preparations to maintain the stability and safety of the products.
Used in Analytical Chemistry:
Benzylparaben may be used as an internal standard for the simultaneous analysis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in human plasma and urine using microextraction by packed sorbent and HPLC method. It may also be employed as an internal standard for the HPLC determination of rutin, kaempferol, genistein, formononetin, and biochanin A in Ononis spinosu roots.
General Description:
Benzylparaben is an ester of para-hydroxy benzoic acid that has been added to various cosmetics and personal care products as a preservative. Its quantification in cosmetics has been reported by HPLC methods. Microwave-assisted synthesis of benzylparaben by reaction between (4-hydroxybenzoic) acid and K2CO3 in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst has been reported. It is an endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) and is a promising candidate for use in pharmaceutical and personal care products. Its visible-light assisted photosensitized degradation in a homogeneous aqueous solution of 4,4′,4′′,4′′′-(porphine-5,10,15,20-tetrayl)tetrakis(benzenesulphonic acid) has been investigated.

Flammability and Explosibility

Notclassified

Contact allergens

This substance is one of the parabens family. Parabens are esters formed by p-hydroxybenzoic acid and an alcohol. They are largely used as biocides in cosmetics and toiletries, medicaments, or food. They have synergistic power with other biocides. Parabens can induce allergic contact dermatitis, mainly in chronic dermatitis and wounded skin.

InChI:InChI=1/C14H12O3/c15-13-8-6-12(7-9-13)14(16)17-10-11-4-2-1-3-5-11/h1-9,15H,10H2

Upstream product

• 100-44-7 benzyl chloride 
• 99-96-7 4-hydroxy-benzoic acid 
• 24285-46-9 benzyl-4-(p-nitrobenzoyloxy)benzoate 
• 114-63-6 sodium 4-hydroxybenzoate 
• 56442-22-9 benzyl 4-benzyloxybenzoate 
• 184000-11-1 {4-[(benzyloxy)carbonyl]phenyl}boronic acid 
• 2978-10-1 O-benzyl-N,N'-diisopropylisourea 
• 100-51-6 benzyl alcohol 
• 108-88-3 toluene 
• 99-76-3 methyl 4-hydroxylbenzoate 
• 100-39-0 benzyl bromide 
• 1112-67-0 tetrabutyl-ammonium chloride 
• 31139-36-3 dibenzyl dicarbonate 

Downstream Products

• 123015-44-1 benzyl 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoate 
• 203256-87-5 4-(Tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-benzoic acid benzyl ester 
• 160974-72-1 4-((2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-Triacetoxy-6-acetoxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-benzoic acid benzyl ester 
• 406943-87-1 4-(5-ethoxycarbonyl-pentyloxy)-benzoic acid benzyl ester 
• 617712-20-6 benzyl 4-[(tert-butoxy-tetraethylene glycol)oxy]-benzoate 
• 869878-47-7 4-chlorooxalyloxy-benzoic acid benzyl ester 
• 685847-91-0 benzyl 4-[3,4-di(methoxy)benzoyloxy] benzoate 
• 114561-49-8 4-salicyloyloxy-benzoic acid 
• 40677-31-4 4-(4-hydroxy-benzoyloxy)-benzoic acid 
• 336191-95-8 benzyl 4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethoxy)-benzoate 
• 161281-59-0 (4S)-3,3-diethyl-4-[(4-benzyloxycarbonyl)phenoxy]azetidin-2-one 
• 222179-73-9 benzyl 4-(4-nitro-3-hydroxy-2,5,6-trifluorophenoxy)benzoate 
• 142650-53-1 Benzyl 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthoyloxymethyl)benzoate 
• 107490-93-7 3,3'-thiobis(benzyl p-hydroxybenzoate) 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Esterification of sodium 4-hydroxybenzoate by ultrasound-assisted solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis using dual-site phase-transfer catalyst

The catalytic esterification of sodium 4-hydroxybenzoate with benzyl bromide by ultrasound-assisted solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis (U-SLPTC) was investigated using the novel dual-site phase-transfer catalyst 4,4′-bis(tributylammoniomethyl)-1,1′-bip

SSTR5 ANTAGONISTS

This disclosure is directed, at least in part, to SSTR5 antagonists useful for the treatment of conditions or disorders involving the gut-brain axis. In some embodiments, the SSTR5 antagonists are gut-restricted compounds. In some embodiments, the condition or disorder is a metabolic disorder, such as diabetes, obesity, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), or a nutritional disorder such as short bowel syndrome.

A simple and effective synthesis of 3- And 4-((Phenylcarbamoyl)oxy)benzoic acids

Phenserine, posiphen, tolserine and cymserine and its derivatives are experimental Alzheimer's disease drugs that contain a phenyl phenylcarbamate moiety that is responsible for their anti-Alzheimer activities. We have developed a simple (3 steps) and effective (overall yields 76-90%) method for preparing 3- and 4-((phenylcarbamoyl)oxy)benzoic acids which can be reacted with amines to produce phenyl phenylcarbamate moiety containing amides as new potential anti-Alzheimer disease drugs. The synthesized carboxylic acids are thus important building blocks with potential use in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery.

The highly efficient air oxidation of aryl and alkyl boronic acids by a microwave-assisted protocol under transition metal-free conditions

Molecular oxygen is the most important green-oxidant due to its excellent properties. However, the effective utilization of molecular oxygen remains a major challenge in modern chemistry. Herein, we report the development a rapid, green and efficient microwave-assisted protocol for the air oxidation of boronic acids to phenols and alcohols under transition metal-free conditions. In the presence of KOH and DMSO, high yields of the expected phenols and alcohol were obtained with microwave-assistance, and a variety of functional groups were tolerated in this procedure. Notably, this transition metal-free method represents a breakthrough in both organic synthesis and green chemistry for the oxidative hydroxylation of boronic acids to phenols and alcohols.

A process for the preparation of hydroxy-benzoic acid benzyl ester

The invention discloses a preparation method for benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate. The preparation method comprises: taking 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and benzyl alcohol as main raw materials, dibutyltin oxide or tetraisopropoxy titanium as a catalyst and xylene as a water-carrying agent, at the nitrogen atmosphere, heating, and performing reflux condensation and water diversion to promote the reaction. The preparation method aims at improving synthetic efficiency of benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate and product yield. According to the preparation method for benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate, due to the facts that dibutyltin oxide or tetraisopropoxy titanium is taken as a catalyst, xylene is taken as a water-carrying agent, benzyl 4-hydroxybenzoate is synthesized by heating 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and benzyl alcohol at the nitrogen atmosphere, the preparation method helps to effectively improve synthetic efficiency, reduce generation of by-products, improve product yield, reduce production cost of the product, reduce separation difficulty and improve product purity and quality.

Malachite green artificial antigen and antibody and its preparation method and application

The invention provides preparation of malachite green artificial antigen and antibody, and relates to preparation of artificial hapten, artificial antigen and antibody of a triphenylmethane chemical substance malachite green. By adopting the preparation method, the problems of complex process, high cost and low analysis speed of the traditional physical and chemical analysis method are overcome. A simple, convenient, quick, sensitive and accurate enzyme immunoassay is provided. The method comprises the following steps: taking 4-[bi(4-dimethylamino)phenyl]methyl benzoic acid and 5-{4-[bi-(4-dimethylamino)phenyl]methyl} phenyl valeric acid as haptens to be respectively connected with carrier proteins such as hemocyanin, ovalbumin and the like to synthetize artificial antigen; carrying out animal immunization, taking blood, separating out antiserum, and purifying, so as to prepare the antibody. The antibody is stable, and has good specificity and sensitivity, and a good application prospect, and can be applied to fast immunodetection of the malachite green.

Synthesis and liquid crystal properties of a novel homologous series 4-(4′-n-alkoxy benzoyloxy) benzyl benzoates

A novel homologous series consisting of 11 homologues is reported. Liquid crystal properties commence from the hexyloxy homologue and continue up to the tetradecyloxy homologue as enantiotropic nematic mesomorphism only. The rest of the homologues (including hexadecyloxy homologue) are not liquid crystalline. None of the homologues show smectogenic mesophase formation. The texture of the nematic mesophase is of a threaded or Schlieren type. The transition temperatures of the homologues were determined by optical polarizing microscopy equipped with a heating stage. Transition curves of a phase diagram behave in normal manner except for the tetradecyloxy homologue which adopts an unexpected trend of propagation. An odd-even effect is absent for nematic-isotropic transition curve. Analytical and spectral data support the molecular structure of the homologues. The average thermal stability of the series is 78.8°C. Mesomorphic/nematogenic phase length varies from 2.0°C to 13.0°C. The liquid crystal behavior of the present series is compared with structurally similar other known series. Thus, the present series is enantiotropically nematogenic only without exhibition of any smectogenic character with a low melting type, whose mesomorphic phase length is relatively short.

Flavonoid metabolism: The synthesis of phenolic glucuronides and sulfates as candidate metabolites for bioactivity studies of dietary flavonoids

Epidemiological studies indicate that flavonoid intake is inversely associated with the risk of coronary heart disease, yet the mechanisms responsible for their bioactivity are still a matter of debate. Based on the rapid and extensive metabolism of most flavonoids, their health effects most likely result from the biological activity of their metabolites. However, a lack of commercially available compounds/standards has prevented the study of metabolite bioactivity and resulted in a focus on non-physiologically relevant precursor/parent structures. This paper details the synthesis of a series of phenolic glucuronide 1a-e and sulfate 2a-e derivates as candidate metabolites for use as reference compounds in metabolic profiling studies and for the exploration of flavonoid bioactivity.

Synthesis of liquid-crystalline 4,4 '-dodecyloxybenzoyloxybenzoyl-4-oxy-2- hydroxybenzaldehyde and related azomethine

4,4′-Dodecyloxybenzoyloxybenzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and the related linear azomethine, the intermediates at the formation of iron(III)-containing complexes, were synthesized. These compounds were characterized by thin layer chromatography, elemental analysis, IR, NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and by the data of differential scanning calorimetry. The aldehyde and the azomethine show mesomorphic properties.