Anise, parsley and rocket as nematicidal soil amendments and their impact on non-target soil organisms

Add time:07/26/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

Amending soil with organic material of botanical origin can be an effective alternative to the use of synthetic pesticides to control plant-parasitic nematodes. In a pot experiment, we evaluated the effects of anise (Pimpinella anisum), parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and rocket (Eruca sativa) as soil amendments on Meloidogyne incognita and on growth of host tomato plants. Moreover, we evaluated their effects on other soil microorganisms using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and enzymatic activity analysis, as well as on the entire free-living nematode species pool and specifically J2 of M. incognita. We compared our results with two commercial nematicides, namely the synthetic fluopyram and the bionematicide Nemagold®. All three botanicals significantly decreased numbers of J2 M. incognita in soil, as well as the number of nematode females and galls in host roots. Parsley and rocket had also a positive effect on tomato root growth. All botanical treatments favored soil microorganisms, both in terms of biomass and functionality, as indicated by urease and β-glucosidase activities, enhancing also the populations of bacterivorous nematodes. The synthetic fluopyram was effective against M. incognita, with no effect on the microbial community, but it seriously suppressed free living nematodes. Νemagold was not effective against root-knot nematodes. Thus, soil amendments with anise, parsley and rocket are promising for root-knot nematode control in sustainable agriculture.

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