Cytotoxic monacolins from red yeast rice, a Chinese medicine and food

Add time:08/09/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

Seven new monacolins, monacolins Q–S (1–3), α,β-dehydromonacolin S (4), 3α-hydroxy-3,5-dihydromonacolin L (5), 3β-hydroxy-3,5-dihydromonacolin L (6), and α,β-hydromonacolin Q (7) were isolated and characterized from the methanol extract of red yeast rice. In addition, six known monacolins, α,β-dehydrodihydromonacolin K (8), dehydromonacolin K (9), dehydromonacolin L (10), monacolin K (11), dihydromonacolin K (12), dihydromonacolin L (13) and two compounds other than monacolins (14, 15) were also isolated. Structure elucidation of the isolates was achieved by means of NMR and mass spectroscopic data analyses. Compounds 1–5, 8, 9, 11, and 13 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against four cancer cell lines (SK-MEL, KB, BT-549, SK-OV-3) and two noncancerous kidney cell lines (LLC-PK1 and Vero). Monacolin Q (1), monacolin R (2) α,β-dehydrodihydromonacolin K (8), dehydromonacolin K (9), and monacolin K (11) showed cytotoxicity to most of these cell lines in terms of inhibition of cell proliferation. The cytotoxicity of monacolin K (11) was the most potent among all the tested monacolins.

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