HSAB-driven chemoselective N1-alkylation of pyrimidine bases and their 4-methoxy- or 4-acetylamino-derivatives

Add time:08/12/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

The lithium salts of the conjugated bases of 4-methoxy- and 4-acetylamino-2(1H)-pyrimidinones 1–3 undergo highly chemoselective N1-methylation or ethylation when treated with methyl- or ethylsulfate (hard electrophiles) in dry dioxane, while the use of DMF as solvent results in competitive O2-alkylation. Potassium salts of the same bases in DMF undergo prevalent O2-attack. Under the same conditions, a similar but less chemoselective behaviour is observed in alkylation of thymine and uracil, where some N3-attack occurs. This can be rationalised in terms of the HSAB principle.

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