Differential expression of α-CGRP and β-CGRP by primary sensory neurons and enteric autonomic neurons of the rat

Add time:08/26/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

Expression of the calcitonin gene-related peptide, α-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and the homologous β-CGRP were compared in sensory and enteric nerves of the rat. Anatysis of CGRP-like immunoreactivity by cation exchange chromatography and radioimmunoassay showed that in the dorsal root ganglia, dorsal spinal cord and in those peripheral tissues where CGRP-like immunoreactivity is primarily localized to sensory libres, α-CGRP concentrations were three to six times greater than β-CGRP concentrations. In the intestine, however. β-CGRP concentrations were up to seven times greater than α-CGRP concentrations. Only β-CGRP was detected in the intestines of capsaicintreated rats. Northern blot and in situ hybridization to α-CGRP- and β-CGRP-speeific probes showed that while both α-CGRP and β-CGRP messenger ribonucleic acids occurred in the dorsal root ganglia, only β-CGRP messenger ribonucleic acid occurred in the intestine, where it was localized to enteric neurons. Receptor binding sites on membranes of rat heart and colon had approximately equal affinities for α-CGRP and β-CGRP. The two peptidcs were equipotent in increasing the rate and force of atrial contractions but α-CGRP was slightly (2.6 times) more potent than β-CGRP in relaxing colonie smooth muscle.Thus, both α-CGRP and β-CGRP occur in the rat nervous system and are both biologically active. Sensory neurons and enteric neurons have been identified as populations which preferentially express α-CGRP and β-CGRP. respectively.

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