II, 4. Rotavirus genome replication: role of the RNA-binding proteins

Add time:08/30/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

Publisher SummaryThe rotavirus (RV) virion is a triple-layered icosahedron containing 11 segments of double-stranded (ds)RNA. The RNA polymerase activity of double-layered particles catalyzes the synthesis of the 11 viral mRNAs. Most of the RNA-binding proteins are directly involved in the replication of the viral genome. However, at least one of the RNA-binding proteins also plays a critical role in the efficient translation of viral mRNAs. During genome replication, the viral mRNAs serve as templates for the synthesis of minus-strand RNA to form dsRNA. The fact that the eleven genome segments are produced and packaged in equimolar amounts in RV-infected cells demonstrates that RNA packaging and replication are highly coordinated processes. The absence of naked dsRNA in infected cells indicates that packaging occurs prior to replication. Hence, it must be the mRNAs, and not the dsRNAs, that contain the cis-acting signals that operate during packaging. Enzymatic analyses have shown that core replication intermediates (RIs) and double-layered RIs, but not pre-core RIs, have associated RNA polymerase activity that directs the synthesis of dsRNA in vitro.

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