13 - Acetic Acid

Add time:09/24/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

The case study develops the conceptual design of a sustainable process for acetic acid manufacturing by methanol carbonylation using homogeneous rhodium/iridium catalyst. The emphasis is set on energy efficiency, since the exothermal reaction releases a large amount of energy. The goal in designing the reaction system is optimizing the reactor cooling in relation with the separation system. In the homogeneous process the separation section consists of three columns, for removal of lights, dehydration, and acetic acid purification. The steam generated in the reaction section may cover about 45% from the heat needed in the separation section. If heterogeneous catalyst is employed the separation is reduced to a sequence of two columns. Substantial energy saving may be obtained by applying heat pumping by the purification column. The energy available in condenser is upgraded for reboiler heating by mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) with water as thermal agent. The energy requirements may be reduced by 75% with reference to the base case. The economic analysis allows the estimation of capital and operation costs, as well as the product price for 20% return on investment The case study shows also how to calculate comprehensive sustainability metrics for process design.

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