1 Methyl 4 Phenylpyridinium☆

Add time:09/09/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (ion) (MPP+) is the ultimate neurotoxic agent formed by metabolism of MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) involving monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B). MPP+ induces parkinsonism. The MPP+ production is thought to occur in astrocytes; MPP+ is then taken up by its first target, the dopamine transporter on dopamine nerve terminals. The next target of MPP+ is the mitochondria, where it inhibits oxidative phosphorylation. The final target is the vesicular monoamine transporter, mediating uptake into monoamine storage vesicles. MPTP is currently used to produce parkinsonian symptoms in animal models of Parkinson's disease (mice and monkeys).

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