Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of a series of α-substituted phenylpropanoic acid PPARγ agonists to further investigate the stereochemistry–activity relationship

Add time:07/20/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

We previously demonstrated that the α-benzylphenylpropanoic acid-type PPARγ-selective agonist 6 exhibited a reversed stereochemistry–activity relationship, that is, the (R)-enantiomer is a more potent PPARγ agonist than the (S)-enantiomer, compared with structurally similar α-ethylphenylpropanoic acid-type PPAR agonists. Here, we designed, synthesized and evaluated the optically active α-cyclohexylmethylphenylpropanoic acid derivatives 7 and α-phenethylphenylpropanoic acid derivatives 8, respectively. Interestingly, α-cyclohexylmethyl derivatives showed reversal of the stereochemistry–activity relationship [i.e., (R) more potent than (S)], like α-benzyl derivatives, whereas α-phenethyl derivatives showed the ‘normal’ relationship [(S) more potent than (R)]. These results suggested that the presence of a branched carbon atom at the β-position with respect to the carboxyl group is a critical determinant of the reversed stereochemistry–activity relationship.

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