A scalable strategy to synthesize TiO2-V2O5 nanorods as high performance cathode for lithium ion batteries from VOx quasi-aerogel and tetrabutyl titanate

Add time:07/20/2019    Source:sciencedirect.com

A nano-porous VOx quasi-aerogel composed of VOx nanofibers (VOx NFs) is synthesized through facile sol-gel process, solvent exchange and subsequent vacuum drying. After grinding and annealing, VOx quasi-aerogel is converted into well-crystallized V2O5 nanorods (V2O5 NRs) which can be used as a promising cathode material with high capacity for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Besides, TiO2 coated V2O5 nanorods (TiO2-V2O5 NRs) are obtained by a simple hydrolysis reaction of tetrabutyl titanate under wet-chemistry condition and followed by post-sintering in air. Electrochemical measurements indicate that TiO2-V2O5 NRs as cathode material for LIBs exhibit more stable cycling performance (highest specific capacity is 261.6 mAh g−1 and 223.0 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles at 100 mA g−1 between 2 and 4 V vs. Li/Li+) and better rate capability (exhibiting 155.8 mAh g−1 under 800 mA g−1) compared with unmodified V2O5 NRs (highest capacity is 269.7 mAh g−1 and 212.7 mAh g−1 for the 50th cycle at 100 mA g−1; delivering 112.2 mAh g−1 under 800 mA g−1). The improved performance could be attributed to the protective effect of TiO2 coating layer between active V2O5 NRs and electrolyte. This work provides a facile and scalable route to synthesize high-performance nano-structured V2O5 cathode and its surface-modified counterpart for LIBs application.

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