- Mild Rh(III)-catalyzed C7-allylation of indolines with allylic carbonates
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The rhodium(III)-catalyzed direct allylation of indolines with allylic carbonates at room temperature is described. These transformations provide the facile and efficient construction of C7-allylated indolic scaffold.
- Park, Jihye,Mishra, Neeraj Kumar,Sharma, Satyasheel,Han, Sangil,Shin, Youngmi,Jeong, Taejoo,Oh, Joa Sub,Kwak, Jong Hwan,Jung, Young Hoon,Kim, In Su
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Read Online
- Exploration of the diketoacid integrase inhibitor chemotype leading to the discovery of the anilide-ketoacids chemotype
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Integrase is one of three enzymes expressed by HIV and represents a validated target for therapy. A previous study of the diketoacid-based chemotype suggested that there are two aryl-binding domains on integrase. In this study, modifications to the indole-based diketoacid chemotype are explored. It is demonstrated that the indole group can be replaced with secondary but not tertiary (e.g., N-methyl) aniline-based amides without sacrificing in vitro inhibitory activity. The difference in activity between the secondary and tertiary amides is most likely due to the opposite conformational preferences of the amide bonds, s-trans for the secondary-amide and s-cis for the tertiary-amide. However, it was found that the conformational preference of the tertiary amide can be reversed by incorporating the amide nitrogen atom into an indoline heterocycle, resulting in very potent integrase inhibitors.
- Walker, Michael A.,Johnson, Timothy,Ma, Zhuping,Zhang, Yunhui,Banville, Jacques,Remillard, Roger,Plamondon, Serge,Pendri, Annapurna,Wong, Henry,Smith, Daniel,Torri, Albert,Samanta, Himadri,Lin, Zeyu,Deminie, Carol,Terry, Brian,Krystal, Mark,Meanwell, Nicholas
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Read Online
- A rapid and clean synthetic approach to cyclic peptides: Via micro-flow peptide chain elongation and photochemical cyclization: Synthesis of a cyclic RGD peptide
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A cyclic RGD peptide was efficiently synthesized based on micro-flow, triphosgene-mediated peptide chain elongation and micro-flow photochemical macrolactamization. Our approach enabled a rapid (amidation for peptide chain elongation 5 s, macrolactamization 5 min) and clean (only one column chromatographic separation) synthesis of a cyclic peptide.
- Mifune, Yuto,Nakamura, Hiroyuki,Fuse, Shinichiro
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Read Online
- Palladium-catalyzed C-7 alkenylation of indolines using molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant
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A general and efficient method for the intermolecular direct C-7-selective C-H alkenylation of indolines using palladium(ii) as the catalyst and molecular oxygen as the sole oxidant has been developed. The reaction showed complete regio- and stereoselectivity. All products were E-isomers at the C-7 position, and no Z-isomers or other position substituted products could be detected. The approach also presented an efficient route for the synthesis of C-7 alkenylated indoles.
- Yang, Dong,Mao, Shuai,Gao, Ya-Ru,Guo, Dong-Dong,Guo, Shi-Huan,Li, Bin,Wang, Yong-Qiang
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Read Online
- Cobalt Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Michael Acceptors with Indolines Directed by a Weakly Coordinating Functional Group
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A cobalt(III) catalyzed hydroarylation of Michael acceptors using indolines, selectively at the C-7 position, has been reported. For the selective C-7 functionalization of indoline, we have used a weakly coordinating amide carbonyl group. During the process of optimization, we have also discovered the unusual cocatalytic activity of zinc triflate in the C-H functionalization reaction. Hydroarylation of unprotected maleimide using indolines was a challenging substrate and never accomplished before, we were able to achieve this with our methodology in good yields.
- Banjare, Shyam Kumar,Chebolu, Rajesh,Ravikumar
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Read Online
- Oxidative palladium(II)-catalyzed C-7 alkenylation of indolines
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A mild procedure for C-7-selective C-H alkenylation of various indolines under oxidative palladium(II) catalysis is reported. A fully substituted urea, formed by carbamoylation of the indoline nitrogen atom, functions as a directing group. Both α,β-unsaturated acceptors and styrenes participate in this direct C-H functionalization. With a free NH group at the urea terminus, the nitrogen atom subsequently cyclizes in a 1,4-fashion to yield a six-membered ring.
- Jiao, Lin-Yu,Oestreich, Martin
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Read Online
- Method for promoting acylation of amine or alcohol by carbon dioxide
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The invention relates to a method for promoting acylation of amine or alcohol by carbon dioxide, which comprises the following steps of: mixing an amine compound, carboxylate or thiocarboxylate compound and a reaction solvent under the action of carbon dioxide, and reacting to obtain an amide compound, or under the action of carbon dioxide, mixing the alcohol compound, the thiocarboxylate compound and the reaction solvent [gamma]-valerolactone, and reacting to obtain the ester compound. According to the invention, under the promotion action of carbon dioxide, carboxylate or thiocarboxylate is used as an acylation reagent, and amine and alcohol are converted into amide and ester compounds in the absence of a transition metal catalyst, so that acylation reagents such as acyl chloride or anhydride with irritation and corrosivity are avoided; and the method has the advantages of simple operation, mild reaction conditions, high tolerance of substrate functional groups, strong applicability and high yield, and provides an efficient, reliable and economical preparation method for synthesis of amide and ester compounds.
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Paragraph 0033-0034
(2021/05/29)
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- Preparation and catalytic evaluation of a palladium catalyst deposited over modified clinoptilolite (Pd&at;MCP) for chemoselective N-formylation and N-acylation of amines
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Novel palladium nanoparticles stabilized by clinoptilolite as a natural inexpensive zeolite prepared and used for N-formylation and N-acylation of amines at room temperature at environmentally benign reaction conditions in good to excellent yields. Pd (II) was immobilized on the surface of clinoptilolite via facile multi-step amine functionalization to obtain a sustainable, recoverable, and highly active nano-catalyst. The structural and morphological characterizations of the catalyst carried out using XRD, FT-IR, BET and TEM techniques. Moreover, the catalyst is easily recovered using simple filtration and reused for 7 consecutive runs without any loss in activity.
- Amirsoleimani, Mina,Khalilzadeh, Mohammad A.,Zareyee, Daryoush
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- Efficient synthesis process of medical intermediate 5-bromoindole
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The invention discloses an efficient synthesis process of a medical intermediate 5-bromoindole, comprising the following steps of: using an indole compound as a raw material, carrying out low-pressureliquid-phase hydrogenation to destroy five-membered ring conjugation of indole to obtain an indoline compound; enabling the indoline compound to react with an acylation reagent, and protecting nitrogen, so as to obtain an N-acyl indoline compound; carrying out bromination on the N-acyl indoline compound to obtain a 5-bromo-N-acyl indoline compound; carrying out deacylation protection on the 5-bromo-N-acyl indoline compound to obtain a 5-bromoindoline compound; and carrying out oxidative dehydrogenation on the 5-bromoindoline compound by using oxygen or air under the action of a cuprous catalyst and nitric oxide to obtain the target compound 5-bromoindole. The steps involved in the process are convenient to operate, the conditions are mild, and environmental pollution is reduced; finally,the prepared product is high in yield, high in purity and low in energy consumption.
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- The Relation Between Position and Chemical Composition of Bis-Indole Substituents Determines Their Interactions with G-Quadruplex DNA
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G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures are linked to fundamental biological processes and human diseases, which has triggered the development of compounds that affect these DNA structures. However, more knowledge is needed about how small molecules interact with G4 DNA structures. This study describes the development of a new class of bis-indoles (3,3-diindolyl-methyl derivatives) and detailed studies of how they interact with G4 DNA using orthogonal assays, biophysical techniques, and computational studies. This revealed compounds that strongly bind and stabilize G4 DNA structures, and detailed binding interactions which for example, show that charge variance can play a key role in G4 DNA binding. Furthermore, the structure–activity relationships generated opened the possibilities to replace or introduce new substituents on the core structure, which is of key importance to optimize compound properties or introduce probes to further expand the possibilities of these compounds as tailored research tools to study G4 biology.
- Prasad, Bagineni,Das, Rabindra Nath,Jamroskovic, Jan,Kumar, Rajendra,Hedenstr?m, Mattias,Sabouri, Nasim,Chorell, Erik
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supporting information
p. 9561 - 9572
(2020/07/09)
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- Access to C5-Alkylated Indolines/Indoles via Michael-Type Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Using Aryl-Nitroolefins
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A straightforward synthetic route toward C5-alkylated indolines/indoles has been developed. The strategy is composed of Zn(OTf)2-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation of N-benzylindolines with nitroolefins, and a series of diverse indolines was first obtained in up to 99% yield. This reaction provides a direct and practical route to a variety of the C5-alkylated indolines which were also utilized for accessing corresponding indoles. Indoline derivatives with free NH groups could be obtained through an N-deprotection reaction. Moreover, the primary alkyl nitro groups in both indolines and indoles are amenable to further synthetic elaborations, thereby broadening the diversity of the products.
- Ertugrul, Berrak,Kilic, Haydar,Lafzi, Farrokh,Saracoglu, Nurullah
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p. 9018 - 9038
(2018/06/27)
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- Preparation method of R-5-(2-amino propyl)-1-(3-hydroxy propyl)-7-nitrile indole
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The invention relates to a preparation method of R-5-(2-amino propyl)-1-(3-hydroxy propyl)-7-nitrile indole. The preparation method includes that the formula is as shown in specification; the raw materials in use are market product, the price and cost are low; the method simplifies a synthesis step, and is short in synthesis route, high in reaction yield of every step, and high in total yield; theindustrial production cost is reduced; the reagent in use is free from toxic or risk; every step is simple in operation and convenient to achieve industrialization.
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Paragraph 0014; 0039-0040
(2018/06/28)
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- Expedient cobalt(II)-catalyzed site-selective C7-arylation of indolines with arylboronic acids
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Cobalt(ii)-catalyzed pyrimidyl directing group-assisted C7 arylation of indolines with arylboronic acids has been developed using Mn(OAc)2·4H2O as an oxidant. The use of cobalt(ii)-PCy3 as a catalyst and broad substrate scope are the important practical features.
- De, Pinaki Bhusan,Pradhan, Sourav,Banerjee, Sonbidya,Punniyamurthy, Tharmalingam
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p. 2494 - 2497
(2018/03/21)
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- POLYCYCLIC COMPOUNDS AS ROR-GAMMA MODULATORS
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The present invention provides compounds which are modulators of RORγ and their use for the treatment of diseases or conditions mediated by RORγ. Further, the present invention relates to processes of preparing such compounds, their tautomeric forms, novel intermediates involved in their synthesis, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, methods for using such compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing them.
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Page/Page column 39
(2018/02/27)
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- Acetic acid as a catalyst for the N-acylation of amines using esters as the acyl source
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We report a cheap and simple method for the acetylation of a variety of amines using catalytic acetic acid and either ethyl acetate or butyl acetate as the acyl source. Catalyst loadings as low as 10 mol% afforded acetamide products in excellent yields at temperatures ranging from 80-120 °C. The methodology can also be successfully applied for the synthesis of a broad range of other amides, including the formation of formamides at 20 °C.
- Sanz Sharley, Daniel D.,Williams, Jonathan M. J.
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supporting information
p. 2020 - 2023
(2017/02/15)
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- Environment-friendly synthesis method for medicine intermediate 5-bromoindole
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The invention relates to an environment-friendly synthesis method for a medicine intermediate 5-bromoindole. The method comprises the following steps: (1) subjecting indole to low-temperature low-pressure liquid-phase hydrogenation in the presence of a metal catalyst, so as to obtain indoline; (2) subjecting indoline to an action with an acetylation reagent, so as to produce N-acetylindoline; (3) subjecting N-acetylindoline to a clean bromination reaction, so as to produce N-acetyl-5-bromoindoline; (4) subjecting N-acetyl-5-bromoindoline to deacetylation under acidic conditions, so as to obtain 5-bromoindoline; and (5) subjecting 5-bromoindoline to oxidative dehydrogenation, thereby preparing the key medicine intermediate 5-bromoindole. Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that a new environment-friendly synthesis process is developed, compared with the original process, bromo isomers of the 5-bromoindole product are effectively controlled, and the safety of medicine products can be higher; compared with the original acetic anhydride and bromine bromination process, the reaction conditions are mild, the environmental pollution is light, and the cost is low; and the equipment investment is small, the process is simple, the operation is easy, the equipment corrosion is low, and the process is more applicable to industrial production.
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Paragraph 0098-0101; 0152-0155
(2017/03/28)
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- Using weak interactions to control C-H mono-nitration of indolines
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An unprecedented C-H mononitration of indolines either at the -C5 or -C7 positions under mild condition is reported here. The roles of multiple weak interactions and factors such as steric factors, electronic effects, cation-π interactions, and solvent polarity were established, and we achieved a 100% regioselective electrophilic aromatic (EArS) nitration using Cu(NO3)2 or AgNO3.
- Bose, Anima,Mal, Prasenjit
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p. 11368 - 11371
(2017/10/19)
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- A process for preparing the silodosin intermediates
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The invention discloses a preparation method of a silodosin intermediate, wherein the structure of the silodosin intermediate is represented as the formula A. The preparation method, wherein indoline is employed as a start raw material, includes the reactions of Friedel-Crafts acylation, carbonyl reduction, Gabriel reaction and chiral resolution and the like. The preparation method is simple in operation, is low in cost, is high in yield, allows the product to purify easily and is stable in processes, and is suitable for industrial production. The invention also discloses a new intermediate compound which is related in the method.
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Paragraph 0108-0112
(2017/11/16)
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- Interception of amide ylides with sulfonamides: Synthesis of (: E)- N -sulfonyl amidines catalyzed by Zn(OTf)2
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Through the interception of amide ylides with sulfonamides, we herein report the first general example of an intermolecular condensation reaction between sulfonamides and amides. Beyond formamides, this approach was successfully applied to a variety of lactams and linear amides, giving rise to a broad array of (E)-N-sulfonyl amidines.
- Chen, Jijun,Long, Wenhao,Fang, Shangwen,Yang, Yonggang,Wan, Xiaobing
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supporting information
p. 13256 - 13259
(2017/12/26)
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- Condensation of Indoline with Some 1,2- and 1,3-Diketones
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Bismuth nitrate catalyzed condensation reactions of indoline with 1,2- and 1,3-diketones were investigated and were reported to proceed via different reaction pathways with the involvement of one or two of the carbonyl groups. While the reaction of indoli
- Kilic, Haydar,Aydin, Omer,Bayindir, Sinan,Saracoglu, Nurullah
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p. 2096 - 2101
(2016/11/23)
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- Mild and efficient palladium-catalyzed direct trifluoroethylation of aromatic systems by C-H activation
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The introduction of trifluoroalkyl groups into aromatic molecules is an important transformation in the field of organic and medicinal chemistry. However, the direct installation of fluoroalkyl groups onto aromatic molecules still represents a challenging and highly demanding synthetic task. Herein, a simple trifluoroethylation process that relies on the palladium-catalyzed C-H activation of aromatic compounds is described. With the utilization of a highly active trifluoroethyl(mesityl)iodonium salt, the developed catalytic method enables the first highly efficient and selective trifluoroethylation of aromatic compounds. The robust catalytic procedure provides the desired products in up to 95 % yield at 25 °C in 1.5 to 3 hours and tolerates a broad range of functional groups. The utilization of hypervalent reagents opens new synthetic possibilities for direct alkylations and fluoroalkylations in the field of transition-metal-catalyzed C-H activation.
- T?th, Balázs L.,Kovács, Szabolcs,Sályi, Gerg?,Novák, Zoltán
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supporting information
p. 1988 - 1992
(2016/02/18)
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- INDOLINE SULFONAMIDE INHIBITORS OF DAPE AND NDM-1 AND USE OF THE SAME
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Indoline sulfonamide compounds that can inhibit DapE and/or bacterial metallo-β- lactamases (MBLs), such as NDM-1, are disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of treating an individual suffering from a bacterial infection using the indoline sulfonamide compounds disclosed herein.
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Paragraph 0099
(2016/02/29)
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- Compositions for Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Chronic Diseases
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The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an inhibitor of epithelial sodium channel activity in combination with at least one ABC Transporter modulator compound of Formula A, Formula B, Formula C, or Formula D. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and to methods of using such compositions in the treatment of CFTR mediated diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis using the pharmaceutical combination compositions.
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Paragraph 0469
(2015/09/22)
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- Rhodium-catalyzed direct C7 alkynylation of indolines
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An efficient rhodium(III)-catalyzed direct C7 alkynylation of indoline C-H bonds with the alkynylated hypervalent iodine reagents has been developed. This reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions over a wide structural scope with high site-selectivity and excellent functional-group tolerance. N-Acetyl as well as other N-acyls served as effective directing groups (DG). This procedure allows for the synthesis of a variety of 7-alkynyl-substituted indolines in good to excellent yield. More significantly, C7-alkynylated indoles through further transformations have been successfully accessed.
- Jin, Ning,Pan, Changduo,Zhang, Honglin,Xu, Pan,Cheng, Yixiang,Zhu, Chengjian
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supporting information
p. 1149 - 1153
(2015/04/22)
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- Iridium(I)-catalyzed direct C-H bond alkylation of the C-7 position of indolines with alkenes
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A cationic iridium-catalyzed C-7 alkylation of N-substituted indoline derivatives with various alkenes has been developed. A variety of 7-alkylindolines were obtained in moderate to high yields. This protocol relies on the use of the carbonyl group on the nitrogen atom of indoline as a directing group and it is potentially applicable to the large-scale synthesis of 7-alkylindoles.
- Pan, Shiguang,Ryu, Naoto,Shibata, Takanori
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supporting information
p. 929 - 933
(2014/04/03)
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- Ruthenium-catalyzed C7 amidation of indoline C-H bonds with sulfonyl azides
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A ruthenium-catalyzed direct C7 amidation of indoline C-H bonds with sulfonyl azides was developed. This procedure allows the synthesis of a variety of 7-amino-substituted indolines, which are useful in pharmaceutical. The good functional tolerances, as well as the mild conditions, are prominent feature of this method.
- Pan, Changduo,Abdukader, Ablimit,Han, Jie,Cheng, Yixiang,Zhu, Chengjian
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supporting information
p. 3606 - 3609
(2014/04/03)
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- Decarboxylative acylation of indolines with α-keto acids under palladium catalysis: A facile strategy for the synthesis of 7-substituted indoles
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Palladium-catalyzed decarboxylative acylation of highly substituted indolines with α-keto acids via C-H bond activation is described. This protocol provides efficient access to C7-carbonylated indoles known to have diverse biological profiles. This journal is
- Kim, Minyoung,Kumar Mishra, Neeraj,Park, Jihye,Han, Sangil,Shin, Youngmi,Sharma, Satyasheel,Lee, Youngil,Lee, Eui-Kyung,Kwak, Jong Hwan,Kim, In Su
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supporting information
p. 14249 - 14252
(2014/12/11)
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- A highly efficient Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative ortho-arylation of amides with aryl acylperoxides
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An efficient Pd-catalyzed decarboxylative ortho-arylation of amides with aryl acylperoxides was developed. A variety of anilides reacted with aryl acylperoxides to afford the corresponding ortho-arylation products, and N-methoxyarylamides generated phenanthridinones. This journal is
- Li, Dengke,Xu, Ning,Zhang, Yicheng,Wang, Lei
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supporting information
p. 14862 - 14865
(2014/12/11)
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- Oxidative palladium(II)-catalyzed dehydrogenative C-H/C-H cross-coupling of 2,3-substituted indolines with arenes at the C7 position
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Directed directing group: The C7 position of the indoline nucleus is difficult to address in C-H activation. An oxidative palladium(II) catalysis that allows for cross-dehydrogenative coupling in that position with activation of the C-H bond of the arene component is disclosed here. This C-H/C-H cross-coupling is applicable to various indolines acetylated at the nitrogen atom. Substitution at C2 is crucial for the C-H activation to occur at C7 (see scheme).
- Jiao, Lin-Yu,Oestreich, Martin
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supporting information
p. 10845 - 10848
(2013/09/02)
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- Hexafluoroisopropanol: A powerful solvent for the hydrogenation of indole derivatives. Selective access to tetrahydroindoles or cis-fused octahydroindoles
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Pd/C in HFIP was used to hydrogenate indole derivatives under relatively mild conditions, leading to potential synthetic intermediates of bioactive compounds. Depending on their substitution, tetrahydroindoles or octahydroindoles could selectively be obtained.
- Clarisse, Damien,Fenet, Bernard,Fache, Fabienne
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experimental part
p. 6587 - 6594
(2012/09/08)
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- Approach to the synthesis of indoline derivatives from diaryliodonium salts
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An effective method of constructing the indoline moiety via intramolecular nucleophilic ring closure of a diaryliodonium salt is described. Diacetoxyiodoarene compounds (1a-1e) were converted into intermediate Koser's reagent and coupled with arylstannanes (7-10) to form diaryliodonium salts (11a-14e). Indoline compounds with different N-protecting groups, 15, 16, 17, and 18, were synthesized in higher yields by treating salts (11a-14e) with Cs2CO3 and TEMPO. Regardless of the electronic environment of five para-substituted iodoarenes and the natures of four N-protected arylstannane groups, the conversion proceeded well to afford corresponding indolines in yields of 72-84 and 70-84%, respectively.
- Landge, Kamalkishor P.,Jang, Keun Sam,Lee, Sang Yeul,Chi, Dae Yoon
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p. 5705 - 5713
(2012/09/07)
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- MODULATORS OF ATP-BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTERS
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The present invention relates to modulators of ATP-Binding Cassette (“ABC”) transporters or fragments thereof, including Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, compositions thereof, and methods therewith. The present invention also relates to methods of treating ABC transporter mediated diseases using such modulators.
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- One-pot synthesis of triazolothiadiazepine 1,1-dioxide derivatives via copper-catalyzed tandem [3+2] cycloaddition/N-arylation
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A practical and efficient synthesis of triazolothiadiazepine-1,1-dioxide derivatives via copper-catalyzed [3+2]cycloaddition, followed by N-arylation is described. The method is also applicable to the synthesis of indoline- and thiophene-fused triazolothiadiazepine 1,1-dioxide derivatives.
- Barange, Deepak Kumar,Tu, Yu-Chen,Kavala, Veerababurao,Kuo, Chun-Wei,Yao, Ching-Fa
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scheme or table
p. 41 - 48
(2011/03/22)
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- Unexpected synthesis of N-Acyl indolines via a consecutive cyclization of iminophosphorane
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N-Acyl indolines were obtained unexpectedly from a consecutive cyclization of iminophosphorane in refluxing xylene or 1,2-dichlorobenzene in good yields. This new approach provides an efficient and direct access to the biologically important indolines which are further oxidizable to indoles and oxindoles. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
- Li, Wen-Jing,Zhao, Fen-Fen,Ding, Ming-Wu
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 265 - 267
(2011/03/20)
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- COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS AND OTHER CHRONIC DISEASES
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The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an inhibitor of epithelial sodium channel activity in combination with at least one ABC Transporter modulator compound of Formula A, Formula B, Formula C, or Formula D. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and to methods of using such compositions in the treatment of CFTR mediated diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis using the pharmaceutical combination compositions.
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- Identification of inhibitors of NOD1-induced nuclear factor-κB activation
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NOD1 (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1) protein is a member of the NLR (NACHT and leucine rich repeat domain containing proteins) protein family, which plays a key role in innate immunity as a sensor of specific microbial components derived from bacterial peptidoglycans and induction of inflammatory responses. Mutations in NOD proteins have been associated with various inflammatory diseases that affect NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) activity, a major signaling pathway involved in apoptosis, inflammation, and immune response. A luciferase-based reporter gene assay was utilized in a high-throughput screening program conducted under the NIH-sponsored Molecular Libraries Probe Production Center Network program to identify the active scaffolds. Herein, we report the chemical synthesis, structure-activity relationship studies, downstream counterscreens, secondary assay data, and pharmacological profiling of the 2-aminobenzimidazole lead (compound 1c, ML130) as a potent and selective inhibitor of NOD1-induced NF-κB activation.
- Khan, Pasha M.,Correa, Ricardo G.,Divlianska, Daniela B.,Peddibhotla, Satyamaheshwar,Sessions, E. Hampton,Magnuson, Gavin,Brown, Brock,Suyama, Eigo,Yuan, Hongbin,Mangravita-Novo, Arianna,Vicchiarelli, Michael,Su, Ying,Vasile, Stefan,Smith, Layton H.,Diaz, Paul W.,Reed, John C.,Roth, Gregory P.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 780 - 785
(2011/12/02)
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- Pd(II)-catalyzed amination of C-H bonds using single-electron or two-electron oxidants
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(Chemical Equation Presented) Pd(II)-catalyzed intramolecular amination of arenes is developed using either a one- or two-electron oxidant. The reaction protocol tolerates a wide range of deactivating groups including acetyl, cyano, and nitro groups. This catalytic reaction allows expedient syntheses of broadly useful substituted indolines or indoles.
- Mei, Tian-Sheng,Wang, Xisheng,Yu, Jin-Quan
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 10806 - 10807
(2009/12/04)
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- 1H-Indole-Pyridinecarboxamide and 1H-Indole-Piperidinecarboxamide Compounds
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Compounds of formula (I): wherein: A represents a divalent radical: wherein: Z represents an oxygen atom or a sulphur atom,R6 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, alkenyl, arylalkyl or polyhaloalkyl group or a substituted, linear or branched alkyl chain, represents a single bond or a double bond,R1, R2, R3 and R4 represent a hydrogen or halogen atom,an alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, polyhaloalkyl or optionally substituted amino group, or a linear or branched alkyl chain substituted by one or more groups,R5 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aminoalkyl or hydroxyalkyl group,X and Y represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group,Ra, Rb, Rc and Rd represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, an alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, cyano, nitro, polyhaloalkyl, optionally substituted amino group, or a substituted, linear or branched alkyl chain,Re represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, arylalkyl or alkenyl group or a substituted, linear or branched alkyl chain, their enantiomers, diastereoisomers, and N-oxides, and also addition salts thereof with a pharmaceutically acceptable acid or base.
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Page/Page column 10
(2009/10/21)
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- A mild inter- and intramolecular amination of aryl halides with a combination of CuI and CsOAc
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A unique combination of CuI and CsOAc was found to catalyze aryl amination under mild conditions. The reaction takes place at room temperature or at 90 °C with broad functional group compatibility. The intramolecular reaction was able to form five-, six-, and seven-membered rings with various protecting groups on the nitrogen atom. The scope of the intermolecular amination, as well as its applications to unsymmetrical N,N′-dialkylated phenylenediamines, was investigated.
- Kubo, Tetsuji,Katoh, Chiharu,Yamada, Ken,Okano, Kentaro,Tokuyama, Hidetoshi,Fukuyama, Tohru
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 11230 - 11236
(2009/04/11)
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- Synthesis of indolines via a domino Cu-catalyzed amidation/cyclization reaction
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(Chemical Equation Presented) A highly efficient one-pot procedure for the synthesis of indolines and their homologues based on a domino Cu-catalyzed amidation/nucleophilic substitution reaction has been developed. Substituted 2-iodophenethyl mesylates and related compounds afforded the corresponding products in excellent yields. No erosion of optical purity was observed when transforming enantiomerically pure mesylates under the reaction conditions.
- Minatti, Ana,Buchwald, Stephen L.
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supporting information; experimental part
p. 2721 - 2724
(2009/05/27)
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- One-pot cyclization of 2-aminophenethyl alcohols: A novel and direct approach to the synthesis of N-acyl indolines
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(Chemical Equation Presented) A unique one-pot cyclization of 2-aminophenethyl alcohols with carboxylic acids in the presence of PPh 3, CCL4, and NEt3 furnished the formation of N-acyl indolines in good to excellent yields. This new approach provides an efficient, scalable, low-cost, and direct access to the biologically important indolines which are further oxidizable to indoles and oxindoles.
- Wang, Zengxue,Wan, Wen,Jiang, Haizhen,Hao, Jian
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p. 9364 - 9367
(2008/03/13)
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- Formation of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoindoles by palladium-catalyzed hydride reduction
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(Chemical Equation Presented) Substituted 1,3-dihydro-2H-isoindoles (2, isoindolines) were prepared and subjected to palladium-catalyzed formate reduction. Alkyl isoindolines were reduced to 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-isoindoles (1). Only partial reduction was observed for 5-methoxyisoindoline, and 4-methoxy-, 5-carbomethoxy-, amino-, and amidoisoindolines were inert to the reaction. Halogen-substituted isoindolines were dehalogenated and reduced to 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-isoindoles. Isoindole 24 was also reduced to a mixture of an isoindoline and a 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2H-isoindole. In contrast, 2,3-dihydro-1H-indoles 21 underwent dehydrogenation to give thermodynamically stable indoles. Theoretical calculations show the significant difference in aromaticity between isoindoles and indoles, corresponding to the observed differences in reactivities. Tetrahydro-2H-isoindoles 1 were oxidized to 4,5,6,7-tetrahydroisoindole-1,3-diones in the presence of NBS and air.
- Hou, Duen-Ren,Wang, Ming-Shiang,Chung, Ming-Wen,Hsieh, Yih-Dar,Tsai, Hui-Hsu Gavin
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p. 9231 - 9239
(2008/03/13)
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- A domino amidation route to indolines and indoles: Rapid syntheses of anhydrolycorinone, hippadine, oxoassoanine, and pratosine
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(Chemical Equation Presented) When subjected to palladium-catalyzed amidation conditions, 2-triflyloxy phenethyl carbonates undergo, in addition to the expected aryl cross-coupling, an additional amidation with net displacement of the carbonate. The result is a one-step synthesis of indolines which may be oxidized to indoles. The utility of the procedure is illustrated by the two- or three-step syntheses of anhydrolycorinone, hippadine, oxoassoanine, and pratosine.
- Ganton, Michael D.,Kerr, Michael A.
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p. 4777 - 4779
(2007/10/03)
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- N-SUBSTITUTED PIPERIDINE AND PIPERAZINE DERIVATIVES
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This invention relates to compounds of the formula 1 wherein R1, R2, R7, R8, R9, U, V, Z, A, W, X, M, E, L, T and D are defined as in the specification, pharmaceutical compositions containing them and their use in the treatment of central nervous system and other disorders.
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Page/Page column 121-122
(2010/02/12)
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- Synthesis and KCNQ2 opener activity of N-(1-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-ethyl, N-[1-(2,3-dihydro-benzofuran-5-yl)-ethyl, and N-[1-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-5-yl)- ethyl acrylamides
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Bioisosteric replacement studies led to the identification of N-(1-benzo[1,3]dioxol-5-yl-ethyl)-3-(2-chloro-phenyl)-acrylamide ((S)-3) as a highly potent KCNQ2 opener, and 3-(2,6-difluoro-phenyl)-N-[1-(2,3-dihydro- benzofuran-5-yl)-ethyl]-acrylamide ((S)-4), and N-[1-(2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-5-yl) -ethyl]-3-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-acrylamide ((S)-5) as highly efficacious KCNQ2 openers. In contrast, their respective R enantiomers showed significantly less or no appreciable KCNQ2 opener activity even at the highest concentration tested (10μM). Because of its high potency and moderate efficacy as well as its convenient synthesis, (±)-3 was selected as a reference compound for analyzing efficacies of KCNQ openers in electrophysiology studies. Compounds (S)-4 and (S)-5 demonstrated significant activity in reducing neuronal hyperexcitability in rat hippocampal slices. The synthesis and the KCNQ2 opener activity of these acrylamides are described.
- Wu, Yong-Jin,Sun, Li-Qiang,He, Huan,Chen, Jie,Starrett Jr., John E.,Dextraze, Pierre,Daris, Jean-Paul,Boissard, Christopher G.,Pieschl, Rick L.,Gribkoff, Valentin K.,Natale, Joanne,Knox, Ronald J.,Harden, David G.,Thompson, Mark W.,Fitzpatrick, William,Weaver, David,Wu, Dedong,Gao, Qi,Dworetzky, Steven I.
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p. 4533 - 4537
(2007/10/03)
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- Photochemical protection of amines with Cbz and Fmoc groups
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The photochemical conversion of amines into carbamates was achieved using N-Cbz-, N-Fmoc-, and N-Boc-5,7-dinitroindolines. This reaction allows the protection of amines in neutral medium. Primary and unhindered secondary amines were protected to yield their benzyloxycarbonyl- and 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl derivatives efficiently, whereas bulky amines or anilines gave low yields or no product. On the other hand, the formation of N-Boc compounds, although possible, proceeded only with low yields.
- Helgen, Celine,Bochet, Christian G.
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p. 2483 - 2486
(2007/10/03)
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- A mild copper-mediated intramolecular amination of aryl halides
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A unique combination of copper iodide and cesium acetate was found to mediate intramolecular amination of aryl halides under mild conditions. The reaction proceeds at room temperature with primary or N-benzyl amines and at moderately elevated temperatures with other amine derivatives. The reaction has been applied to the formation of 5-, 6-, and 7-membered rings. Remarkably, halogens at the meta-position were retained, providing a definitive advantage over palladium-catalyzed systems.
- Yamada, Ken,Kubo, Tetsuji,Tokuyama, Hidetoshi,Fukuyama, Tohru
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p. 231 - 234
(2007/10/03)
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- Scandium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate catalyzed aromatic nitration with inorganic nitrates and acetic anhydride
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The rare earth metal(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate (rare earth metal(III) triflate, RE(OTf)3) was found to be an efficient catalyst for aromatic nitration with carboxylic anhydride-inorganic nitrate as the nitrating agent. In the presence of a catalytic amount of RE(OTf)3, the nitration of substituted benzenes proceeded to afford the corresponding nitrobenzenes. Especially, scandium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate (scandium(III) triflate, Sc(OTf)3) is the most active catalyst among our tested Lewis acids. It was also found that acetic anhydride-Al(NO 3) · 9H2O is the most active nitrating agent in this system.
- Kawada, Atsushi,Takeda, Shigemitsu,Yamashita, Kazumi,Abe, Hitoshi,Harayama, Takashi
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p. 1060 - 1065
(2007/10/03)
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- Preparation of secondary and tertiary amides under neutral conditions by photochemical acylation of amines
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The smooth and neutral acylation of amines to form amides by photoactivation of N-acyl-5,7-dinitroindolines is described. An improved acylation of nitroindolines allows the convenient preparation of N-acylnitroindolines. This reaction makes possible the recycling of the nitroindoline released during the photoactivation.
- Helgen,Bochet
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p. 1968 - 1970
(2007/10/03)
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- Bioavailable acyl-CoA : Cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor with anti- peroxidative activity: Synthesis and biological activity of novel indolinyl amide and urea derivatives
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We synthesized a series of indoline derivatives with an amide or urea moiety and examined their inhibitory effects on acyl-CoA : cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activity, lipid-peroxidation and serum cholesterol levels in experimental animals. Among the derivatives synthesized, a series of N-(1-alkyl-4,6- dimethylindolin-7-yl)-2,2-dimethylpropanamides potently inhibited rabbit intestinal ACAT activity and lipid-peroxidation of rat brain homogenate. The effect on ACAT activity was related to the length of the alkyl chain at the 1-position of indoline. N-(4,b-Dimethyl-1-octylindolin-7- yl)-2,2-dimethylpropanamide hydrochloride (55) showed inhibitory effects on intestinal and hepatic ACAT activity slightly weaker than those of YM-750, and an inhibitory effect on low density lipoprotein (LDL)-peroxidation similar to that of probucol. Compound 55 also reduced serum cholesterol at 10 mg/kg/d in hyperlipidemic rats and 20 mg/kg/d in normolipidemic hamsters. The plasma concentration of 55 reached 716 ng/ml in dogs (10 mg/kg, p.o.), which is an effective concentration against hepatic ACAT activity and LDL- peroxidation. In conclusion, compound 55 is a novel bioavailable ACAT inhibitor with anti-peroxidative activity and is thus a promising anti- atherosclerotic and anti-hyperlipidemic drug. Indoline proved to be a useful pharmacophore for molecular design of new anti-peroxidative drugs.
- Kamiya, Shoji,Shirahase, Hiroaki,Yoshimi, Akihisa,Nakamura, Shohei,Kanda, Mamoru,Matsui, Hiroshi,Kasai, Masayasu,Takahashi, Kenji,Kurahashi, Kazuyoshi
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p. 817 - 827
(2007/10/03)
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