19099-93-5

With increasing troubles in bacterial contamination and antibiotic-resistance, new materials possessing both biocompatibility and antimicrobial efficacy are supposed to be developed for future biomedical application. Herein, we demonstrated a chemo-enzymatic ring opening polymerization (ROP) approach for block copolyester, that is, poly(4-benzyl formate piperidine lactone-b-ω-pentadecalactone) (PNPIL-b-PPDL), in a one-pot two-step process. Afterward, cationic poly(4-piperidine lactone-b-ω-pentadecalactone) (PPIL-b-PPDL) with pendent secondary amino groups was obtained via acidic hydrolysis of PNPIL-b-PPDL. The resulting cationic block copolyester exhibited high antibacterial activity against Gram negative E. coli and Gram positive S. aureus, while showed low toxicity toward NIH-3T3 cells. Moreover, the antibacterial property, cytotoxicity and degradation behavior could be tuned simply by variation of PPIL content. Therefore, we anticipate that such cationic block copolymers could potentially be applied as biomaterials for medicine or implants.

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An efficient, robust, and cost-effective synthetic process of fasudil hydrochloride 1 was developed. Starting from readily available ethylenediamine and 5-isoquinoline sulfonyl chloride, the target product 1 was prepared through a six-step reaction, including sulfonamidation, protection, nucleophilic substitution, deprotection, cyclization, and salification. The process afforded 1 in 67.1% overall yield (based on 5-isoquinoline sulfonyl chloride) with 99.94% purity. Compared to the earlier published methodologies, the use of homopiperazine or its derivatives as intermediates was avoided. The salient features of this environmentally friendly synthetic route include easily available starting materials and operational simplicity, which could be suitable for large-scale industrial production.

A widely applicable approach was developed to synthesize ketones, esters, amides via the oxidative C?C bond cleavage of readily available alkyl aldehydes. Green and abundant molecular oxygen (O2) was used as the oxidant, and base metals (cobalt and copper) were used as the catalysts. This strategy can be extended to the one-pot synthesis of ketones from primary alcohols and α-ketoamides from aldehydes.

The present invention provides compounds, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same for the inhibition of HPK1, and the treatment of HPK1-mediated disorders.

We present a mild way of converting secondary methyl ethers into ketones using calcium hypochlorite in aqueous acetonitrile with acetic acid as activator. The reaction is compatible with various oxygen- and nitrogen-containing functional groups and afforded the corresponding ketones in up to 98% yield. The use of this methodology could expand the application of the methyl group as a useful protecting group.

Cobalt bis(acetylacetonate) is shown to mediate hydrogen atom transfer to a broad range of functionalized alkenes; in situ oxidation of the resulting alkylradical intermediates, followed by hydrolysis, provides expedient access to ketones and esters. By modification of the alcohol solvent, different alkyl ester products may be obtained. The method is compatible with a number of functional groups including alkenyl halides, sulfides, triflates, and phosphonates and provides a mild and practical alternative to the Tamao-Fleming oxidation of vinylsilanes and the Arndt-Eistert homologation.

Disclosed are compounds of Formula I and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, which are inhibitors of the ROMK (Kir1.1) channel. The compounds may be used as diuretic and/or natriuretic agents and for the therapy and prophylaxis of medical conditions including cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, heart failure and chronic kidney disease and conditions associated with excessive salt and water retention.

The compounds of Formula (I) which can be used as CRTH2 receptor antagonists are provided. The compounds of Formula (I) can be used in the treatment and prevention of asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis, as well as other diseases mediated by prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) at the CRTH2 receptor.

We report the generation of the first 3,4-piperidyne and its use as a building block for the synthesis of annulated piperidines. Experimental and computational studies of this intermediate are disclosed, along with comparisons to the well-known 3,4-pyridyne. The distortion/interaction model is used to explain the observed regioselectivities.

Nitrogen heterocycles are ubiquitous in natural products and pharmaceuticals. Herein, we disclose a nitrogen complexation strategy that employs a strong Bronsted acid (HBF4) or an azaphilic Lewis acid (BF3) to enable remote, non-directed C(sp3)-H oxidations of tertiary, secondary, and primary amine- and pyridine-containing molecules with tunable iron catalysts. Imides resist oxidation and promote remote functionalization.

The oxidation of alcohols into their corresponding carbonyl compounds is one of the most fundamental transformations in organic chemistry. In our recent report, 2-azaadamantane N-oxyl (AZADO)/copper catalysis promoted the highly chemoselective aerobic oxidation of unprotected amino alcohols into amino carbonyl compounds. Herein, we investigated the extension of the promising AZADO/copper-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of alcohols to other types of alcohol. During close optimization of the reaction conditions by using various alcohols, we found that the optimum combination of nitroxyl radical, copper salt, and solution concentration was dependent on the type of substrate. Various alcohols, including highly hindered and heteroatom-rich ones, were efficiently oxidized into their corresponding carbonyl compounds under mild conditions with lower amounts of the catalysts.

The development and characterization of enantioselective organocatalytic oxidative kinetic resolution (OKR) of racemic secondary alcohols using chiral alkoxyamines as precatalysts are described. A number of chiral alkoxyamines have been synthesized, and their structure-enantioselectivity correlation study in OKR has led us to identify a promising precatalyst, namely, 7-benzyl-3-n-butyl-4-oxa-5-azahomoadamantane, which affords various chiral aliphatic secondary alcohols (ee up to >99%, krel up to 296). In a mechanistic study, chlorine-containing oxoammonium species were identified as the active species generated in situ from the alkoxyamine precatalyst, and it was revealed that the chlorine atom is crucial for high reactivity and enantioselectivity. The present OKR is the first successful example applicable to various unactivated aliphatic secondary alcohols, including heterocyclic alcohols with high enantioselectivity, the synthetic application of which is demonstrated by the synthesis of a bioactive compound.

In connection with a program directed at potent and balanced dual NK 1/NK3 receptor ligands, a focused exploration of an original class of peptidomimetic derivatives was performed. The rational design and molecular hybridization of a novel phenylalanine core series was achieved to maximize the in vitro affinity and antagonism at both human NK1 and NK3 receptors. This study led to the identification of a new potent dual NK1/NK3 antagonist with pKi values of 8.6 and 8.1, respectively.

The direct oxidation of unprotected amino alcohols to their corresponding amino carbonyl compounds has often posed serious challenges in organic synthesis and has constrained chemists to adopting an indirect route, such as a protection/deprotection strategy, to attain their goal. Described herein is a highly chemoselective aerobic oxidation of unprotected amino alcohols to their amino carbonyl compounds in which 2-azaadamantane N-oxyl (AZADO)/copper catalysis is used. The catalytic system developed leads to the alcohol-selective oxidation of various unprotected amino alcohols, carrying a primary, secondary, or tertiary amino group, in good to high yield at ambient temperature with exposure to air, thus offering flexibility in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds. Strong as an ox: The highly chemoselective aerobic oxidation of unprotected amino alcohols to their corresponding amino carbonyl compounds has been achieved by using 2-azaadamantane N-oxyl (AZADO)/copper catalysis. This catalytic system oxidizes not only alcohols with tertiary amino groups but also those with secondary and primary amines in good to high yield at ambient temperature in air. bpy=2,2-bipyridyl, DMAP=4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine.

Disclosed herein are compounds that form covalent bonds with Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Methods for the preparation of the compounds are disclosed. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions that include the compounds. Methods of using the BTK inhibitors are disclosed, alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents, for the treatment of autoimmune diseases or conditions, heteroimmune diseases or conditions, cancer, including lymphoma, and inflammatory diseases or conditions. (Formula I)

Two fluorescent derivatives of the M1 muscarinic selective agonist AC-42 were synthesized by coupling the lissamine rhodamine B fluorophore (in ortho and para positions) to AC42-NH2. This precursor, prepared according to an original seven-step procedure, was included in the study together with the LRB fluorophore (alone or linked to an alkyl chain). All these compounds are antagonists, but examination of their ability to inhibit or modulate orthosteric [3H]NMS binding revealed that para-LRB-AC42 shared several properties with AC-42. Carefully designed experiments allowed para-LRB-AC42 to be used as a FRET tracer on EGFP-fused M1 receptors. Under equilibrium binding conditions, orthosteric ligands, AC-42, and the allosteric modulator gallamine behaved as competitors of para-LRB-AC42 binding whereas other allosteric compounds such as WIN 51,708 and N-desmethylclozapine were noncompetitive inhibitors. Finally, molecular modeling studies focused on putative orthosteric/allosteric bitopic poses for AC-42 and para-LRB-AC42 in a 3D model of the human M1 receptor.

The invention relates to substituted sulfonamide derivatives, processes for the preparation thereof, medicaments containing these compounds and the use of substituted sulfonamide derivatives for the preparation of medicaments.

(Chemical Equation Presented). A new gold(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerization to access highly substituted piperidines has been developed. By combining a conceptually new way of generating iminium ions using cationic gold(I) complexes and an efficient cyclization reaction that can minimize a potentially competing aza-Cope rearrangement, the proposed reaction successfully circumvents a long-standing problem in the classical aza-Prins reaction. Synthetic utility of the catalytic reaction was demonstrated by a synthesis of optically active 2-alkyl-piperidin-4-one.

The invention provides novel bis-pyridylpyridones which are antagonists at the melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHR1), pharmaceutical compositions containing them, processes for their preparation, and their use in therapy and for the treatment of obesity and/or diabetes.

Suitable protected 5-amino- and 4-hydroxy-2-phenylsulfonylmethylpiperidines were synthesized from functionalized N-benzyloxycarbonylpiperidin-l-ones through the opening of lactam ring by methyl phenyl sulfone carbanion followed by reductive aminocyclization.

The present invention relates to pyrazine substituted pyrrolopyridines which are inhibitors of JAK kinases (JAKl, JAK2, JAK3 and/or TYK2) and/or PDKl and are thus useful for the treatment of myeloproliferative disorders or cancer.

Disclosed herein is at least one piperidine derivative, at least one pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one piperidine derivative disclosed herein for treating at least one histamine H3 receptor associated condition therewith

A modular approach for the synthesis of molecular rods based on oligospiroketals has been developed. The strategy relies on different terminal and intermediate segments, which are joined by ketal formation between ketones and diols. For this purpose it was necessary to develop a new ketalization method to circumvent some problems related with the established methods. The terminal segments are either derived from 4-piperidinone or from 4-oxocyclohexane carboxylic acid whereas the intermediate segments rest on pentaerythritol and cyclohexane-1,4-dione. A series of trispiro (14-18), hexaspiro (19) and nonaspiro (20) compounds have been prepared and characterized. From these we realized that it is imperative to use solubility enhancing groups if more than seven rings are joined.

A CAN-mediated oxidative cleavage of 4-aryl-3,4-dihydroxypiperidines 2Aa-Be to β-amino carbonyl compounds 3Aa-Be and 4Aa-Be in different ratios is described. This facile strategy was also used to synthesize racemic fluoxetine (5).

An oligomeric backbone of piperidine rings can be synthesized by solution or solid-phase synthesis. These oligomers adopt well-defined, rodlike structures with all the piperidine residues in chair conformations (see picture) both in solution (D2O, CD3OD) and the solid state. (Figure Presented).

The present invention relates to a spiro-piperidine compound represented by formula (I): wherein R1 represents hydrogen, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group which may have a substituent(s) or a cyclic group which may have a substituent(s); and ring A represents a 5- to 8-membered cyclic group which may have a substituent(s), a salt thereof, an N-oxide thereof, a quaternary ammonium salt thereof or a solvate thereof, or a prodrug thereof The compounds represented by formula (I) have chemokine antagonistic action, so that they are useful for prevention and/or treatment of various inflammatory diseases, immune diseases such as autoimmune diseases or allergic diseases, or HIV infection.

Substituted piperidine compounds represented by the structure I are provided, wherein each of Rla, R1b, R1c, R1d, Rle, R1f, R1g, R1h, R2, R2A, R3, R4, A, X, a, x, and n is as defined in the specification. Substituted piperidine compounds of structure I may permeate or penetrate across a nerve cell membrane into the interior of a nerve cell, may inhibit intracellular Rho kinase enzyme found in nerve cells in mammals, and may find utility in repair of damaged nerves in the central and peripheral nervous system of such mammals. These compounds may induce the regeneration or growth of neurites in mammalian nerve cells and may thereby induce regeneration of damaged or diseased nerve tissue. These compounds also find additional utility as antagonists of the enzyme Rho kinase in treatment of disease states in which Rho kinase is implicated. Pharmaceutical compositions containing these substituted piperidine compounds may be useful to promote neurite growth and in the treatment of diseases in which Rho kinase inhibition is indicated.

A straightforward synthesis of (±)-coerulescine and (±)-horsfiline has been established from 3-formyl-3-phenylpyrrolidine employing 4-hydroxypiperidine as the starting material. There are two remarkable steps for the synthesis of (±)-coerulescine and (±)-horsfiline. One is the rapid access to produce 3-formyl-3-phenylpyrrolidine by Lewis acid-catalyzed rearrangement of 3,4-dihydroxy-4-phenylpiperidine. The other key step is an intramolecular electrophilic cyclization from 3-benzylcarbamoyl-3- phenylpyrrolidine to the 3,3-spirocyclic 2-oxindole ring skeleton.

A compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof of Formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined herein, which are useful as kinase inhibitors.

New thiazolidin-2,4-dione derivatives of formula (1) in which A, W, Q, B, D, X, Y, Z, R', k and p are defined as in claim 1; their tautomeric forms, their derivatives, their steroisomers, their polymorphs, their pharmaceutical acceptable salts, their pharmaceutically acceptable solvates and pharmaceutically acceptable compositions containing them. Methods for their preparation and their use as antidiabetic compounds are claimed.

Compounds within the genus represented by structural formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: T is substituted phenyl or substituted pyridyl; R is H, methyl, ethyl, -CH2CN, -CH2C(O)NH2, -(CH2)3SO3H, -CH2C(O)NHCH3, -CH2C(O)NHOH, -CH2C(O)NHOCH3, -CH2C(O)NHCH2CN, -CH2F, -CH2C(O)NHCH2SO3H, (a), (b), (c), (d) or (e); R is methyl or ethyl; and Z is substituted piperidinyl.

Primary and secondary alcohols were smoothly oxidized to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones in high yields at room temperature with 1.1 equiv. of molecular bromine by using a catalytic amount of N-t-butyl-2-nitrobenzenesulfenamide in the coexistence of potassium carbonate and molecular sieves 4A.

Disclosed are novel cathepsin S, K, F, L and B reversible inhibitory compounds of the formulas (I), (II), (Ia) and (Ib) further defined herein. The compounds are useful for treating autoimmune diseases. Also disclosed are processes for making such novel compounds.

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A chemoselective method for the hydrogenation of acetylene, olefin, azide, nitro and benzyl ester functionalities with retention of the aliphatic N-Cbz group was established. The chemoselectivity was accomplished by using a combination of 5% Pd/C-ethylenediamine [5% Pd/C(en)] and THF (or 1,4-dioxane) as a solvent, and the scope and limitations of this methodology were investigated. These results reinforce the utility of N-Cbz protective groups in synthetic chemistry, especially in peptide synthesis. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd.

The present invention relates to compounds of Formula I: STR1 that are matrix metalloprotease inhibitors, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods for their use and methods of preparing these compounds.

The present invention relates to compounds of formulas (IA), (IB), and (IC): STR1 the preparation thereof, pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and their use in medicine as allosteric adenosine receptor modulators for uses including protection against hypoxia and ischemia induced injury and treatment of adenosine-sensitive cardiac arrhythmias.

Compounds of formula (I) are growth hormone releasing peptide mimetics which are useful for the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis. STR1

Novel antidiabetic compounds, their tautomeric forms, their derivatives, their steroisomers, their polymorphs, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, their pharmaceutically acceptable solvates and pharmaceutical acceptable compositions containing them: Methods for preparing the antidiabetic compounds and their uses.

The present invention is directed to compounds of formula (I), and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of F,--CF3, --OCH3, --O(C1)alkyl substituted with 1 to 3 fluoro atoms. --O(C2) substituted with 1 to 5 fluoro atoms, and --O(C3)alkyl substituted with 1 to 7 fluoro atoms. The compounds of formula (I) are useful in the treatment of stroke, traumatic brain injury and central nervous system degenerative diseases.

Compounds of formula I STR1 wherein Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 have any of the meanings given in the specification, their N-oxides, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are nonpeptide antagonists of neurokinin A and useful for the treatment of asthma, etc. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing the compounds of formula I and intermediates.

The present invention concerns the novel use of aryl substituted heterocycles of formula I, set out below, which antagonize the pharmacological actions of one of ent endogenous neuropeptide tachykinins an the neurokinin 2 (NK2) receptor making them useful whenever such antagonism is desired, such as in the treatment of asthma and related conditions. The invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions containing the aryl substituted heterocycles for use in such treatment. Certain novel aryl substituted heterocycles of formula I and novel intermediates for their manufacture are also provided. STR1

Hydroxyamino analogues of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity toward γ-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-T). The title compound, 3-(hydroxyamino)propylamine (HPA), showed a potent inhibitory activity. The inhibition is competitive with respect to GABA and the K(i) value of GABA-T for HPA is 0.4 mmol. The activity of inhibition is comparable to those of aminoxyacetic acid and valproic acid. 3-(Hydroxyaminomethyl)piperidine (3HMP), a cyclic analogue of HPA, also showed a patent inhibitory activity, whereas 3-(methoxyamino)propylamine (OMe-HPA), 3-(N-hydroxy-N-methylamino)propylamine (NMe-HPA) and 4-(hydroxyamino)piperidine (4HP) showed weak activity.

Compounds of the formula: wherein: n is0, 1 or 2; Y ishydroxy or XONH-, where X is hydrogen or lower alkyl; R1is hydrogen or lower alkyl; R2is hydrogen, lower alkyl, heteroalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, arylheteroalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heteroarylheteroalkyl, heterocyclo, heterocylo-lower alkyl, heterocyclo-lower heteroalkyl or -NR6R7, wherein: R6is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and heteroaralkyl; R7is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, -C(O)R8, -C(O)NR8R9, -SO2NR8R9, -SO2R10, aryloxycarbonyl, or alkoxycarbonyl; or R6and R7together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached represent a heterocyclo group; wherein R8and R9are independently hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl or heteroalkyl; and R10is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heteroalkyl or heterocyclo; or R1and R2together with the carbon atom to which they are attached represent a cycloalkyl or heterocyclo group; R3ishydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, heteroaralkyl, heteroalkyl or lower alkoxy; R4ishydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylalkyl; or R2and R3together with the carbons to which they are attached represent a cycloalkyl or heterocyclo group; or R3and R4together with the carbon to which they are attached represent a cycloalkyl or heterocyclo group; and R5islower alkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroaralkyl; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or esters thereof exhibit useful pharmacological properties, in particular for use as matrix metalloprotease inhibitors, particularly for interstitial collagenases.

Compounds of formula I or I', STR1 wherein X and Y are independently selected from hydrogen, halo, and (1-6C)alkoxy;R 1 is selected from(A) (1-6C)alkyl; (B) phenyl and naphthyl or substituted versions thereof; (C) phenyl (1-3C)alkyl and naphthyl (1-3C) alkyl;(D) five-and six-membered heteroaryl rings;(E) heteroaryl (1-3C) alkyl and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, useful in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders such as psychoses; pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula I or I' and a pharmaceutically acceptable diluent or carrier; and methods of treating neuropsychiatric disorders comprising administering to a mammal (including man) in need of such treatment an effective amount of a compound of formula I or I', or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are claimed. The invention also relates to novel processes for producing enantiomeric methanoanthracenyl sulfoxides.

Compounds of formula I STR1 wherein Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 have any of the meanings given in the specification, their N-oxides, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are nonpeptide antagonists of neurokinin A and useful for the treatment of asthma, etc. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions, processes for preparing the compounds of formula I and intermediates.

2-Hydroxy-8-(or 9-)aza-1-oxaspiro[5.5]undec-3-en-5-ones derived from their corresponding 2-furfuryl alcohols were used as key intermediates for the convenient synthesis of several novel 8- and 9-aza-1-oxaspiro[5.5]undecane derivatives.

Compounds of formula (I) : [in which R1 and R2 are each hydrogen or various organic groups, pis 0, 1, 2 or 3, U is -CO- or -CH(OR3)- where R3 is hydrogen or a hydroxy-protecting group, V is an optionally unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group and W is a nitrogen-containing group] are useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of dementia especially of the Alzheimer's type.

A series of quinolones were prepared which contained oximes or substituted oximes as replacements for the amine substituents normally found on the pyrrolidine or piperidine fragments of quinolone antibacterial agents.These substituents led to compounds that had selective activity against Gram-positive organisms.These compounds showed in vivo activity Staphylococcus aureus.Only compound 29 had in vivo activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae.

8-Fluoro-5-(p-fluorophenyl)-2-[4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-hydroxybutyryl]-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[4,3-b]-indole; processes therefor; and process for the conversion to flutroline.