4205-23-6

Basic information

• Product Name: D-(-)-GULOSE
• Synonyms: D-(-)-GULOSE;D-GULOSE;L-(+)-GLUCOSE;D(-)-Gulose, mixture of anomers;D-Glulose;D(-)-Gulose, 93-95%, mixture of anomers;D(-)-Gulose, mixture of anomers, 93-95%;D-Gulose ,99%
• CAS NO: 4205-23-6
• Molecular Formula: C₆H₁₂O₆
• Molecular Weight: 180.16
• EINECS: 224-118-9
• Product Categories: carbohydrate
• Mol File: 4205-23-6.mol

Chemical Properties

• Boiling Point: 232.96°C (rough estimate)
• Flash Point: 286.7 °C
• Appearance: /syrup
• Density: 1.2805 (rough estimate)
• Vapor Pressure: 1.83E-08mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.5730 (estimate)
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• Solubility: DMSO (Slightly), Water (Slightly)
• PKA: 12.45±0.20(Predicted)
• CAS DataBase Reference: D-(-)-GULOSE(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: D-(-)-GULOSE(4205-23-6)
• EPA Substance Registry System: D-(-)-GULOSE(4205-23-6)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: Xi
• Statements: 36/37/38
• Safety Statements: 24/25-36/37/39-27-26
• WGK Germany: 3
• Hazardous Substances Data: 4205-23-6(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Uses

Used in Pharmaceutical Industry:
D-(-)-GULOSE is used as a key component in the development of pharmaceuticals for its unique structural properties and potential interactions with biopolymers and macromolecules. Its presence in various organisms suggests a wide range of biological activities that can be harnessed for therapeutic purposes.
Used in Research and Development:
D-(-)-GULOSE serves as an essential compound in research and development, particularly in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology. Its rare occurrence and unique properties make it an interesting subject for studying the mechanisms of various biological processes and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Used in Chemical Synthesis:
D-(-)-GULOSE can be used as a starting material for the synthesis of various complex organic compounds, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other specialty chemicals. Its unique structure provides opportunities for the development of innovative synthetic routes and the creation of new molecules with potential applications in various industries.
Used in Analytical Chemistry:
As a rare sugar, D-(-)-GULOSE can be employed as a reference compound in analytical chemistry for the identification and quantification of other sugars and related compounds. Its distinct properties can be utilized in the development of new analytical methods and techniques for the study of complex biological samples.
Used in Food Industry:
Although rare, D-(-)-GULOSE may have potential applications in the food industry, particularly in the development of novel sweeteners or as a component in the synthesis of flavor and fragrance compounds. Its unique properties could lead to the creation of new products with distinct taste and aroma profiles.

InChI:InChI=1/C6H12O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-11H,1H2/t2-,3+,4-,5-,6+/m1/s1

Upstream product

• 69-65-8 mannitol 
• 106-42-3 para-xylene 
• 7732-18-5 water 
• 3615-56-3 D-Sorbose 
• 59-23-4 D-Galactose 
• 57-50-1 Sucrose 
• 27393-97-1 (E)-3-(2-furanyl)-2-propen-1-ol 
• 221015-48-1 (1R,5R,7S)-7-(tert-Butyl-dimethyl-silanyloxymethyl)-6,8-dioxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-3-en-2-one 
• 221015-57-2 ((1R,2R,3R,4R,5R,7S)-2,3,4-Tris-benzyloxy-6,8-dioxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]oct-7-yl)-methanol 
• 221015-59-4 (1S,2R,3R,4R,5S,7R)-2,3,4-Tris-benzyloxy-7-iodomethyl-6,8-dioxa-bicyclo[3.2.1]octane 
• 53282-12-5 ethyl (E)-3-(2-furyl)prop-2-enoate 
• 1176326-45-6 2α,3β,19α,23-tetrahydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside 23-sulfate ester 
• 1326303-97-2 3,4-dihydro-6-deoxycatalpol 
• 1326303-98-3 kankanoside M 

Downstream Products

• 67-47-0 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfuraldehyde 
• 79-14-1 glycolic Acid 
• 849585-22-4 LACTIC ACID 
• 69-65-8 mannitol 
• 60660-58-4 L-altritol 
• 488-69-7 fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 
• 513-86-0 3-hydroxy-2-butanon 
• 64-19-7 acetic acid 
• 116-09-6 hydroxy-2-propanone 
• 77-92-9 citric acid 
• 78-98-8 2-oxopropanal 
• 513-85-9 2.3-butanediol 
• 61865-75-6 L-Altrose-dibenzyldithioacetal 
• 7707-85-9 pyruvaldehyde bis-phenylhydrazone 

Relevant articles and documents

Structure of cycloquivinoside a from the aerial part of Astragalus chivensis

The new cycloartane glycoside cycloquivinoside A, 24S-25-methoxycycloartan- 3β,6α,16β,24,25-pentaol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated from the aerial part of Astragalus chivensis Bunge (Leguminosae). The structure was established based on chemical transformations and 2D spectra (TOCSY, ROESY, HMBC, HSQC, COSY).

A new picrotoxane sesquiterpene from the berries of Baccaurea ramiflora with antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

(Image Presented) Three picrotoxane sesquiterpenes including one new glycoside and two known constituents, sapidolide A (2) and picrotoximaesin (3), were isolated from the berries of Baccaurea ramiflora. The structure of the new sesquiterpene glycoside, ramifloside (1), was elucidated as 2-one-6α-hydroxy-13-nor-11-picrotoxen-3(15β)-olide 10-O-β-d-glucopyranoside on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1-3 exhibited antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides with MICs of 12.5, 12.5 and 50 g/mL.

Steroidal saponins from Smilax excelsa rhizomes

From the n-butanol soluble fraction of the methanol extract of the rhizomes of Smilax excelsa, three new furostanol saponins 3-O-[4-O-acetyl-α-L- rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-{α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)}-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-26-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl]-22α-hydro

Two new oleanane-type triterpenoids from platycodi radix and anti-proliferative activity in HSC-T6 Cells

Two new oleanane-type triterpenoids, named platycodonoids A and B (1, 2), together with five known saponins, including platycodin D (3), deapioplatycodin D (4), 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl polygalacic acid (5), 3-O-β-D- glucopyranosyl platycodigenin (6) and polygalacin D (7), were isolated from the roots of Platycodon grandiflorum. On the basis of spectral data and chemical evidence, the structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 2β,3β,23,24-tetrahydroxy-28-nor-olean-12-en-16-one (1) and 2β,3β,23,24- tetrahydroxy-28-nor-olean-12-en-16-one-3-O-β-D- glucopyranoside (2). Compounds 1-7 were evaluated for their in vitro anti-proliferative activity against the HSC-T6 cell line.

Isolation of antioxidant phenolics from Schinopsis brasiliensis based on a preliminary LC-MS profiling

The phenolic content of the ethanol extract of the stem bark of the Brazilian plant Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl. (Anacardiaceae) has been evaluated together with the antioxidant activity. The good antioxidant activity exhibited in the Trolox Equivalent A

Steroidal saponins from the leaves of Yucca de-smetiana and their in vitro antitumor activity: Structure activity relationships through a molecular modeling approach

Four steroidal saponins were isolated from the leaves of Yucca de-smetiana Baker. Their structures were established using one- and two- dimensional NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The structure of the new steroidal saponin was identified as: (25R)-3β-hydroxy-5α-spirostan-3-O-β-d- xylopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-[β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)]-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (desmettianoside C) along with three known spirostanol and furostanol saponins. The isolated saponins were evaluated for their antitumor activity against HCT116, MCF7, HepG2, and A549 cell lines. Saponins 3 and 4 showed potent activity against HCT116, MCF7, and HepG2 cell lines in comparison with the positive control doxorubicin. A molecular modeling approach was performed to establish conformational criteria that could affect the biological activity of the isolated saponins.

Molecular basis of the 14-3-3 protein-dependent activation of yeast neutral trehalase Nth1

The 14-3-3 proteins, a family of highly conserved scaffolding proteins ubiquitously expressed in all eukaryotic cells, interact with and regulate the function of several hundreds of partner proteins. Yeast neutral trehalases (Nth), enzymes responsible for the hydrolysis of trehalose to glucose, compared with trehalases from other organisms, possess distinct structure and regulation involving phosphorylation at multiple sites followed by binding to the 14-3-3 protein. Here we report the crystal structures of yeast Nth1 and its complex with Bmh1 (yeast 14-3-3 isoform), which, together with mutational and fluorescence studies, indicate that the binding of Nth1 by 14-3-3 triggers Nth1’s activity by enabling the proper 3D configuration of Nth1’s catalytic and calcium-binding domains relative to each other, thus stabilizing the flexible part of the active site required for catalysis. The presented structure of the Bmh1:Nth1 complex highlights the ability of 14-3-3 to modulate the structure of a multidomain binding partner and to function as an allosteric effector. Furthermore, comparison of the Bmh1:Nth1 complex structure with those of 14-3-3:serotonin N-acetyltransferase and 14-3-3:heat shock protein beta-6 complexes revealed similarities in the 3D structures of bound partner proteins, suggesting the highly conserved nature of 14-3-3 affects the structures of many client proteins.

Studies on absorption and hydrolysis of ethyl α-D-glucoside in rat intestine

Ethyl α-D-glucoside (α-EG) is normally contained in Sake, which has been taken by Japanese people since ancient times. In this study, the intestinal absorption of α-EG was investigated using rat everted intestinal sac. Furthermore, the α-EG hydrolytic activity in rat intestine was compared with disaccharides hydrolytic activities, and the effects of α-EG on disaccharides hydrolysis were examined using crude enzyme preparation from rat intestinal acetone powder. Glucose liberated from α-EG was detected in a serosal solution of everted rat intestinal sac, but it was only less than 4% of absorbed intact α-EG. α-EG absorption into small intestinal tissue was reduced by elimination of sodium ion from the mucosal solution or under the presence of phlorizin. The hydrolytic activity for α-EG was detected in crude enzyme preparation from rat intestinal acetone powder, but it showed a low value as compared to those for disaccharides. α-EG showed mixed type inhibition for maltose and sucrose hydrolysis, but inhibitory concentrations of α-EG required for 50% inhibition for the maltose and sucrose hydrolysis were higher than those of arabinose and acarbose. In conclusion, a small amount of α-EG was hydrolyzed and most of it was absorbed via SGLT1 as an intact form in the rat small intestine, and the inhibitory effect of α-EG on disaccharides hydrolysis was weak.

Composition of the fresh leaves and stems of Melissa officinalis and evaluation of skin irritation in a reconstituted human epidermis model

The composition of a centrifuged product obtained from the fresh leaves and stems of Melissa officinalis and skin irritation in the reconstituted human epidermis (Episkin model) have been investigated in comparison to the EtOH-H2O (1:1) extract

A new flavonoid glycoside from mistletoe transformed by Rhodobacter sphaeroides

A new flavonoid glycoside, rhamnazin-3-O-β-D-apiosyl-(1→2)- β-D-[6″-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric methyl ester)]-glucoside (1), was isolated together with seven known flavonoid compounds from mistletoe transformed by Rhodobacter sphaeroides (PSBT). Its structure was elucidated on the basis of MS, 1D, and 2D NMR techniques. All of the eight compounds were subjected to antioxidant activity screening.