cas 5337-03-1, Tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxylic acid

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Oxidation of Primary Alcohols and Aldehydes to Carboxylic Acids via Hydrogen Atom Transfer
The oxidation of primary alcohols and aldehydes to the corresponding carboxylic acids is a fundamental reaction in organic synthesis. In this paper, we report a new chemoselective process for the oxidation of primary alcohols and aldehydes. This metal-free reaction features a new oxidant, an easy to handle procedure, high isolated yields, and good to excellent functional group tolerance even in the presence of vulnerable secondary alcohols and tert-butanesulfinamides.
Tan, Wen-Yun,Lu, Yi,Zhao, Jing-Feng,Chen, Wen,Zhang, Hongbin
supporting information
p. 6648 - 6653
(2021/09/08)

Important intermediate tetrahydropyrane-4-formic acid preparation method
The invention discloses an important intermediate tetrahydropyrane-4-formic acid preparation method which comprises the following steps: mixing tetrahydropyrane-4-methanol with water, heating to 40 to50 DEG C, adding Mg-Ce-Mo-TiO2 compound oxide, evenly stirring, inflating O2, cooling to the room temperature after reaction finishes, filtering, performing reduced pressure distillation and recrystallizing to obtain tetrahydropyrane-4-formic acid. The synthesizing method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simpleness in operation, mild condition, fewer byproducts, high product purity and higher product yield.
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Paragraph 0018-0052

(2019/01/13)

SUBSTITUTED AZASPIRO(4.5)DECANE DERIVATIVES
The invention relates to substituted spirocyclic cyclohexane derivatives which have an affinity for the μ opioid receptor and/or the ORL1 receptor, processes for the preparation thereof, medicaments containing these compounds and the use of these compounds for the preparation of medicaments.
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Page/Page column 89

(2016/02/10)

4-substituted or unsubstituted tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid or its ester compound compd.
A process for producing a 4-(un)substituted tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid compound or an ester compound thereof which are represented by the formula (1): (1) (wherein R represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group; R represents hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group; and R represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group), characterized by reacting a 4-(un)substituted 4-cyanotetrahydropyran compound represented by the formula (2): (2) (wherein R and R are the same as defined above) with water or an alcohol which are represented by the formula (3): ROH (3) (wherein R is the same as defined above) in the presence of an acid or base.
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(2016/12/16)

Compounds with cardiac myosin activating function and pharmaceutical composition containing the same for treating or preventing heart failure
Disclosed are a compound having cardiotonic activity and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same, and the composition containing the compound, according to the present invention, is useful for preventing and treating heart failure.COPYRIGHT KIPO 2016
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Paragraph 1324-1328

(2016/10/07)

Structure-based design of novel class II c-Met inhibitors: 2. SAR and kinase selectivity profiles of the pyrazolone series
As part of our effort toward developing an effective therapeutic agent for c-Met-dependent tumors, a pyrazolone-based class II c-Met inhibitor, N-(4-((6,7-dimethoxyquinolin-4-yl)oxy)-3-fluorophenyl)-1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2- phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-4-c
Liu, Longbin,Norman, Mark H.,Lee, Matthew,Xi, Ning,Siegmund, Aaron,Boezio, Alessandro A.,Booker, Shon,Choquette, Debbie,D'Angelo, Noel D.,Germain, Julie,Yang, Kevin,Yang, Yajing,Zhang, Yihong,Bellon, Steven F.,Whittington, Douglas A.,Harmange, Jean-Christophe,Dominguez, Celia,Kim, Tae-Seong,Dussault, Isabelle
experimental part
p. 1868 - 1897
(2012/05/04)

Structure-activity relationships of cycloalkylamide derivatives as inhibitors of the soluble epoxide hydrolase
Structure-activity relationships of cycloalkylamide compounds as inhibitors of human sEH were investigated. When the left side of amide function was modified by a variety of cycloalkanes, at least a C6 like cyclohexane was necessary to yield reasonable inhibition potency on the target enzyme. In compounds with a smaller cycloalkane or with a polar group on the left side of amide function, no inhibition was observed. On the other hand, increased hydrophobicity dramatically improved inhibition potency. Especially, a tetrahydronaphthalene (20) effectively increased the potency. When a series of alkyl or aryl derivatives of cycloalkylamide were investigated to continuously optimize the right side of the amide pharmacophore, a benzyl moiety functionalized with a polar group produced highly potent inhibition. A nonsubstituted benzyl, alkyl, aryl, or biaryl structure present on the right side of the cycloalkylamide function induced a big decrease in inhibition potency. Also, the resulting potent cycloalkylamide (32) showed reasonable physical properties.
Kim, In-Hae,Park, Yong-Kyu,Hammock, Bruce D.,Nishi, Kosuke
experimental part
p. 1752 - 1761
(2011/05/05)

AKT INHIBITORS
The present invention provides AKT inhibitors of the formula: Formula I The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of Formula I, uses of compounds of Formula I and method of using compounds of Formula I.
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Page/Page column 100

(2011/05/06)

2-OXO-2- (2-PHENYL-5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDRO-INDOLIZIN-3-YL) -ACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS AS ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS
The invention provides compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof: wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, A1, L1 and n are as defined herein. These compounds and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts are useful in the manufacture of medicaments for use in the prevention or treatment of a fungal disease. Compounds of formula (I), and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof, may also be used as agricultural fungicides.
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Page/Page column 14

(2011/02/15)

Modulation on C- and N-terminal moieties of a series of potent and selective linear tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonists
Herein we describe the synthesis of a series of new potent tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonists by the modulation of the Cand N-terminal moieties of ibodutant (MEN 15596, 1). The Nterminal benzo[b]thiophene ring was replaced by different substituted naphthalenes and benzofurans, while further modifications were evaluated at the C-terminal tetrahydropyran moiety. Most compounds demonstrated a high affinity for the human NK2 receptor and high in vitro antagonist potency, indicating that a wide range of substituents at both termini can be incorporated in the molecule without detrimental effects on the interactions with the NK2 receptor. Selected compounds were tested in vivo confirming their activity as NK2 antagonists. In particular, after both iv and id administration to guinea pig, compound 61b was able to antagonize NK2-induced colonic contractions with a potency and duration-of-action fully comparable to the reference compound 1 (MEN 15596, ibodutant).
Gensini, Martina,Altamura, Maria,Dimoulas, Tula,Fedi, Valentina,Giannotti, Danilo,Giuliani, Sandro,Guidi, Antonio,Harmat, Nicholas J. S.,Meini, Stefania,Nannicini, Rossano,Pasqui, Franco,Tramontana, Manuela,Triolo, Antonio,Maggi, Carlo Alberto
scheme or table
p. 65 - 78
(2010/11/16)

COMPOUNDS WHICH HAVE ACTIVITY AT M1 RECEPTOR AND THEIR USES IN MEDICINE
Compounds of formula (I) and salts thereof are provided: formula (I) wherein R4, R5, R6, Q, A, and Y are as defined in the description. Uses of the compounds as medicaments and in the manufacture of medicaments for treatin
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Page/Page column 53

(2009/04/25)

Process for Preparing Tetrahydropyran-4-Carboxylic Acid Compound
The present invention is to provide a process for preparing tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid represented by the formula (1): which comprises hydrolyzing a 4-cyanotetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid compound represented by the formula (2): wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group, in the presence of an acid; a process for preparing a tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid ester which comprises reacting the tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid represented by the above-mentioned formula (1) with an alcohol in the presence of an acid; and a process for preparing tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid amide which comprises reacting the tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid represented by the above-mentioned formula (1) with a halogenating agent to prepare tetrahydropyran-4-carboxylic acid halide, and then, reacting an amine compound to the resulting compound.
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Page/Page column 5

(2009/01/20)

2- [ (2-SUBSTITUTED) -IND0LIZIN-3-YL] -2-OXO-ACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES AS ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS
The invention provides compounds of formula (I), and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein: Rl, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, X and X1 are as defined herein. These compounds are useful in the manufacture of medicaments for use in the prevention or treatment of a fungal disease. Compounds of formula (I), and agriculturally acceptable salts thereof, may also be used as agricultural fungicides.
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(2008/12/05)

Discovery of a new series of potent and selective linear tachykinin NK 2 receptor antagonists
Starting from 1 (MEN 14268), a selective tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonist with an interesting in vitro pharmacological profile, a family of numerous antagonists was obtained through an optimization process focused on iterated structural modifications. The effects of the introduction of a wide variety of substituents on the lipophilic aromatic part of the molecule and the modulation of the structural constraint through the insertion of different achiral α,α-dialkylamino acids were investigated. In particular, aromatic and benzofused heteroaromatic moieties were introduced at the pseudo-N-terminal residue to replace the 2-benzothiophene moiety, and a systematic investigation of the best positioning of substituents onto the aromatic platform was reported for the benzothiophene core. Studies on the modulation of the length and the rigidity of the hydrophilic pseudo-C-terminal pendant are presented. Many heteroaliphatic groups are well tolerated by the receptor in this part of the ligand. The product 48f (MEN15596), bearing a methyl substituent on the benzothiophene and a tetrahydropyranylmethylpiperidine pendant, was finally selected for its good in vivo activity after intravenous, intraduodenal, and oral administration in guinea pigs.
Fedi, Valentina,Altamura, Maria,Catalioto, Rose-Marie,Giannotti, Danilo,Giolitti, Alessandro,Giuliani, Sandro,Guidi, Antonio,Harmat, Nicholas J. S.,Lecci, Alessandro,Meini, Stefania,Nannicini, Rossano,Pasqui, Franco,Tramontana, Manuela,Triolo, Antonio,Maggi, Carlo Alberto
p. 4793 - 4807
(2008/03/12)

HETEROCYCLIC AMIDE DERIVATIVES AS CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
Methods and compounds effective in ameliorating conditions characterized by unwanted calcium channel activity, particularly unwanted N-type or T-type calcium channel activity are disclosed. Specifically, a series of heterocyclic amides are disclosed of the general formula (I) where Z is N or CHNR2 and X is NR2, O, S, S=O or SO2. Among other definitions for R, R1, W and Y, the compounds of formula (1) are further characterized by at least one of W or Y being CR3Ar2 where Ar is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring (for example, where W or Y is a benzhydryl moiety).
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Page/Page column 39

(2008/06/13)

ALKYLAMINO, ARYLAMINO, AND SULFONAMIDO CYCLOPENTYL AMIDE MODULATORS OF CHEMOKINE RECEPTOR ACTIVITY
Compounds of the formula (I) which are modulators of chemokine receptor activity useful in the prevention or treatment of certain inflammatory and immunoregulatory disorders and diseases, allergic diseases, atopic conditions including allergic rhinitis, dermatitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma, as well as autoimmune pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds and the use of these compounds and compositions in the prevention or treatment of such diseases in which chemokine receptors are involved.
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Page/Page column 29

(2010/11/27)

PIPERIDINE DERIVATIVES AND THEIR USE AS GLYCINE TRANSPORTER INHIBITORS
The invention provides a compound of formula (1), or a salt or solvate thereof: wherein R, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, X, n and Ar are as defined in the specification, and uses of such compounds. The compounds inhibit GlyT1 transporters and are useful in the treatment of certain neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia.
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Page/Page column 33

(2010/02/15)

The "reverse-tethered" ruthenium (II) catalyst for asymmetric transfer hydrogenation: Further applications
The attachment of a tethering group from the basic nitrogen atom to the arene ligand of a ruthenium(II) catalyst greatly improves its ability to catalyze asymmetric transfer hydrogenation (ATH) reactions. In this paper, we describe further applications of this versatile system to an extended substrate range.
Morris, David J.,Hayes, Aidan M.,Wills, Martin
p. 7035 - 7044
(2007/10/03)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING NITRILE COMPOUND, CARBOXYLIC ACID COMPOUND OR CARBOXYLATE COMPOUND
The present invention discloses a process for preparing a nitrile compound, a carboxylic acid compound or a carboxylic acid ester compound represented by the formula (2): wherein R represents a cyano group, a carboxyl group or an ester group, R1 and R2 each represent a group which does not participate in the reaction, which may have a substituent, and R1 and R2 may be combined to each other to form a ring, which comprises subjecting an acetic acid compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R, R1 and R2 have the same meanings as defined above, to decarboxylation in the presence of a metal catalyst.
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Page/Page column 15

(2010/11/08)

ESTER DERIVATIVES OF RHEIN AND THEIR THERAPEUTIC USE
Compounds that may have anti-inflammatory activity are of general formula (I); wherein X1, is H or COR1, and X2 is H or COR2 but X1, and X2are not both H; R1 and R2 are the same or different and are each C1-4 alkyl substituted with R3, or a four to seven-membered ring which can be optionally substituted with R8 and can contain one or more additional heteroatoms selected from O, S(O)n and NR9; is R3 is F, CF3, OR4, NR5R6 O, S(O)n R7 ; R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different and are each H or C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with R3, or NR5R6 is a C4-6 heterocycloalkyl ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, NR8 and S(O)n; each n is 0-2; R7 is C1-4 alkyl; R8 is as defined for R3 or C1-4 alkyl optionally substituted with R3 or halogen; and R9 is H or C1-4 alkyl; or a salt, solvate or hydrate thereof.
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Page/Page column 11

(2008/06/13)

PROCESS FOR MAKING N-SULFONATED-AMINO ACID DERIVATIVES
This invention relates to a process for preparing optically active α -amino acid substrates which are used to make potent lethal factor (LF) inhibitors for the treatment of anthrax. This invention further relates to a process for synthesis of potent LF-inhibitors for the treatment of anthrax. Specifically, the invention concerns a novel, high-yielding and highly enantioselective asymmetric hydrogenation reaction of a tetrasubstituted ene-sulfonamide acid or ester.
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Page/Page column 16-17

(2008/06/13)

PYRROLOPYRIDINE-2-CARBOXYLIC ACID HYDRAZIDES
Compounds of Formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, are inhibitors of glycogen phosphorylase and are useful in the prophylactic or therapeutic treatment of diabetes, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis or tissue ischemia e.g. myocardial ischemia, or as cardioprotectants or inhibitors of abnormal cell growth.
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Page/Page column 18-19

(2010/02/14)

DIAMINE DERIVATIVES
A compound represented by formula (1):Q1-Q2-To-N(R1) -Q3-N(R2)-T1-Q4 [wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms or the like; Q1 is a saturated or unsaturated, 5- or 6- membered cyclic hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, or the like; Q2 is a single bond or the like; Q3 represents the following group: (wherein Q5 is an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or the like); and T0 and T1 are carbonyl groups or the like], a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or an N-oxide thereof. The compound is useful as an agent for preventing and/or treating cerebral infarction, cerebral embolism, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, pulmonary infarction, pulmonary embolism, Buerger's disease, deep venous thrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, thrombus formation after artificial valve or joint replacement, thrombus formation and reocclusion after angioplasty, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), thrombus formation during extracorporeal circulation, or blood clotting upon blood drawing.
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Page/Page column 146-147

(2008/06/13)

Diamine derivatives
A compound represented by the general formula (1): Q1-Q2-T0-N(R1)-Q3-N(R2)-T1-Q4??(1) wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms or the like; Q1 is a saturated or unsaturated, 5- or 6-membered cyclic hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, or the like; Q2 is a single bond or the like; Q3 is a group in which Q5 is an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or the like; and T0 and T1 are carbonyl groups or the like; a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or an N-oxide thereof. The compound is useful as an agent for preventing and/or treating cerebral infarction, cerebral embolism, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, pulmonary infarction, pulmonary embolism, Buerger's disease, deep venous thrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, thrombus formation after valve or joint replacement, thrombus formation and reocclusion after angioplasty, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), thrombus formation during extracorporeal circulation, or blood clotting upon blood drawing.
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(2008/06/13)

INDOLE, INDAZOLE, AND BENZAZOLE DERIVATIVE
The compound of the formula (I): wherein W is a group of the following formula (VIII) binding to any possible position on the Q: Q is, together with W, a group of the formula: -C(M=C(R3A)-N(R3)-, etc.; R3A is H or optionally substituted lower alkyl; R4, R5, R6, and R7 are independently H or optionally substituted lower alkyl; R1 is optionally substituted lower alkyl, etc.; R2 is H, etc.; R3 is H, etc.; Ar is phenyl, etc., or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, where these compounds exhibiting β3-adrenoceptor-stimulating activity and being useful as a medicament for treatment of obesity, etc.
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Page/Page column 52

(2010/02/11)

Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for effecting dopamine release
Patients susceptible to or suffering from disorders, such as central nervous system disorders, which are characterized by an alteration in normal neurotransmitter release, such as dopamine release (e.g., Parkinsonism, Parkinson's Disease, Tourette's Syndrome, attention deficient disorder, or schizophrenia), are treated by administering a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.1]octane, a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane, a 1-aza-7-(3-pyridyl) bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a 1-aza-3-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane, or a 1-aza-7-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane. The compounds can exist as individual stereoisomers, racemic mixtures, diastereomers and the like.
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(2008/06/13)

DIAMINE DERIVATIVES
A compound represented by the general formula (1):Q1-Q2-T0-N(R1)-Q3-N(R2)-T1-Q4 wherein R1 and R2 are hydrogen atoms or the like; Q1 is a saturated or unsaturated, 5- or 6- membered cyclic hydrocarbon group which may be substituted, or the like; Q2 is a single bond or the like; Q3 is a group in which Q5 is an alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or the like; and T0 and T1 are carbonyl groups or the like; a salt thereof, a solvate thereof, or an N-oxide thereof. The compound is useful as an agent for preventing and/or treating cerebral infarction, cerebral embolism, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, pulmonary infarction, pulmonary embolism, Buerger's disease, deep venous thrombosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome, thrombus formation after valve or joint replacement, thrombus formation and reocclusion after angioplasty, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), thrombus formation during extracorporeal circulation, or blood clotting upon blood drawing.
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Page 134-135

(2008/06/13)

CCR5 modulators
Compounds of Formula 1[Region α]-[Region β]-[Region γ]-[Region δ]??(I)which are useful as modulators of chemokine activity. The invention also provides pharmaceutical formulations and methods of treatment using these compounds.
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(2008/06/13)

Fused purine derivatives
A condensed purine derivative represented by Formula (I): wherein X—Y—Z represents R1N—C═O or N═C—W, R2 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocyclic group or the like, n represents an integer of from 0 to 3, V1 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, V2 represents a substituted lower alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, and when V1 represents a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, and for example, X—Y—Z represents R1aN—C═O and R2 represents a substituted lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alicyclic heterocyclic group, a halogen atom, a lower alkylthio group, —NR7R8, —CO2H, a lower alkoxycarbonyl group, —COHal, —CONR9R10 or —CHO, V2 may represent a lower alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof.
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(2008/06/13)

Pharmaceutical compositions and methods for effecting dopamine release
Patients susceptible to or suffering from disorders, such as central nervous system disorders, which are characterized by an alteration in normal neurotransmitter release, such as dopamine release (e.g., Parkinsonism, Parkinson's Disease, Tourette's Syndrome, attention deficient disorder, or schizophrenia) are treated by administering an endo or exo form of a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[2.2.2]octane, a 1-aza-2-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane, a 1-aza-7-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane, a 1-aza-3-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane, or a 1-aza-7-(3-pyridyl)bicyclo[3.2.2]nonane.
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(2008/06/13)

112. Novel heterospirocyclic 3-amino-2H-azirines as synthons for heterocyclic α-amino acids)
The heterospirocyclic N-methyl-N-phenyl-2H-azirin-3-amines (3-(N- methyl-N-phenylamino)-2H-azirines) 1a-d with a tetrahydro-2H-pyran, tetrahydro-2H-thiopyran, and a N-protected piperidine ring respectively, were synthesized from the corresponding heterocyclic 4-carboxamides 2 by consecutive treatment with lithium diisopropylamide (LDA), diphenyl phosphorochloridate (DPPCl), and sodium azide (Scheme 4). The reaction of these aminoazirines with thiobenzoic acid in CH2Cl2 at room temperature gave the thiocarbamoyl-substituted benzamides 13a-d in high yield. The azirines 1a-d were used as synthons for heterocyclic α-amino acids in the preparation of tripeptides of the type Z-Aib-Xaa-Aib-N(Ph)Me (18) by following the protocol of the 'azirine/ox-azolone method': treatment of Z- Aib with 1 to give the dipeptide amide 15, followed by selective hydrolysis to the corresponding acid 16 and coupling with the 2,2-dimethyl-2H-azirin-3- amine 17 gave 18, again in high yield (Scheme 5). With some selected examples of 18, the selective deprotection of the amino and the carboxy group, respectively, was demonstrated (Scheme 6). The solid-state conformations of the protected tripeptides 18a-d, as well as that of the corresponding carbocyclic analogue 18e, were determined by X-ray crystallography (Figs. 1- 3 and Tables 1-3). All five tripeprides adopt a β-turn conformation of type III or III. The solvent dependence of the chemical shifts of the NH resonances (Fig. 6) suggests that there is an intramolecular H-bond between H-N(4) and O(11) in all cases, which is an indication that a relatively rigid β-turn structure also persists in solution. Surprisingly, the tripeptide acid 20a shows no intramolecular H-bond in the crystalline state (Fig. 7); O(11) is involved in an intermolecular H-bond with the OH group of the carboxy function.
Straessler, Christoph,Linden, Anthony,Heimgartner, Heinz
p. 1528 - 1551
(2007/10/03)

Inhibition of human neutrophil elastase with peptidyl electrophilic ketones. 2. Orally active p(G)-Val-Pro-Val pentafluoroethyl ketones
Valylprolylvalyl pentafluoroethyl ketones with different N-protecting groups were evaluated in vitro and in vivo as inhibitors of human neutrophil elastase (HNE). Several of these compounds were found to be orally active in HNE-induced rat and hamster lun
Angelastro,Baugh,Bey,Burkhart,Chen,Durham,Hare,Huber,Janusz,Koehl,Marquart,Mehdi,Peet
p. 4538 - 4553
(2007/10/02)

Twisted Si=N bonds: Matrix isolation of bridgehead silanimines
We report the IR and UV-vis spectra of three bridgehead silanimines, 1-sila-2-azabicyclo[3.2.2]non-1(2)-ene, 1-sila-2-azabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-1(2)-ene, and 1-sila-2-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-1(2)-ene, prepared in matrix isolation by UV irradiation of bridgehead s
Radziszewski, Juliusz G.,Kaszynski, Piotr,Littmann, Dieter,Balaji,Hess Jr.,Michl, Josef
p. 8401 - 8408
(2007/10/02)

Antiparasitic agents
The invention provides novel compounds having the formula: STR1 wherein R when taken individually is H; R1 when taken individually is H or OH; R and R1 when taken together represent a double bond; R2 is an alpha-branched C3 -C8 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkylthioalkyl group; a C3 -C8 cycloalkyl, C5 -C8 cycloalkenyl or C5 -C8 cycloalkylalkyl group, any of which may be substituted by methylene or one or more C1 -C4 alkyl groups or halo atoms; or a 3 to 6 membered oxygen or sulphur containing heterocyclic ring which may be substituted by one or more C1 -C4 alkyl groups or halo atoms; R3 is hydrogen or methyl; R4 is H or 4'-(alpha-L-oleandrosyl)-alpha-L-oleandrosyloxy with the proviso that when R2 is alkyl it is not isopropyl or sec-butyl; when R4 is H, each of R and R1 is H, and R2 is not methyl or ethyl; and when R4 is H, R is H, R1 is OH, and R2 is not 2-buten-2-yl, 2-penten-2-yl or 4-methyl-2-penten-2-yl. The compounds are broad spectrum antiparasitic agents having utility as anthelmintics, ectoparasiticides, insecticides and acaricides. The invention also provides a process for producing the novel avermectin and milbemycin derivatives by adding a carboxylic acid or derivative thereof to a fermentation of an avermectin or milbemycin producing organism.
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(2008/06/13)

SYNTHESIS OF OXOSULFONIUM SALTS BY THE OXIDATION OF SULFONIUM SALTS
A general synthetic method for oxosulfonium salts by oxidation of sulfonium salts with sodium perbenzoate (or sodium m-chloroperbenzoate) was developed.In case of the oxidation of aryldimethylsulfonium salts, the corresponding oxosulfonium salts (1e-h) were obtained in 64-91percent yields.Diphenylmethylsulfonium and triphenylsulfonium salts were also oxidized with sodium perbenzoate to afford the corresponding oxosulfonium salts (1i and 1j) in 75 and 58percent yields, respectively.Trialkylsulfonium salts such as trimethylsulfonium, dimethyloctylsulfonium, S-methylthiolanium, and S-methyl(pentamethylene)sulfonium salts, were also oxidized to the corresponding oxosulfonium salts (1a-d) in good yields.To clarify the reaction mechanisms, the oxidation of bicycloheptane-1-sulfonium salt (5) was investigated and found to afford oxosulfonium salt (6) in 50percent yield.A reaction mechanism involving nucleophilic attack by perbenzoate anion on the cationic sulfur atom of sulfonium salt and giving an S-O sulfurane intermediate is proposed.
Mori, Mitsuo,Takeuchi, Hiroyuki,Minato, Hiroshi,Kobayashi, Michio,Yoshida, Masato,et al.
p. 157 - 164
(2007/10/02)

The preparation and measurement of the surface activity of a series of 4-alkyl-1,1'-spirobipiperidinium bromides.
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THOMAS,CLOUGH
p. 167 - 177
(2007/10/05)