597-82-0Relevant articles and documents
Polysulfide reagent in solid-phase synthesis of phosphorothioate oligonucleotides: Greater than 99.8% sulfurization efficiency
Krotz, Achim H.,Hang, Alice,Gorman, Dennis,Scozzari, Anthony N.
, p. 1293 - 1299 (2005)
A solution of sulfur (0.1 M) and sodium sulfide (0.01 M) in 3-picoline, referred to as polysulfide reagent, rapidly converts trialkyl and triaryl phosphite triesters to the corresponding phosphorothioate derivatives. Greater than 99.8% average stepwise sulfurization efficiency is obtained in the solid-phase synthesis of DNA and RNA phosphorothioate oligonucleotides via the phosphoramidite approach. Copyright Taylor & Francis, Inc.
Diphenyl Diselenide-Catalyzed Synthesis of Triaryl Phosphites and Triaryl Phosphates from White Phosphorus
Zhang, Yue,Cai, Ziman,Chi, Yangyang,Zeng, Xiangzhe,Chen, Shuanghui,Liu, Yan,Tang, Guo,Zhao, Yufen
, p. 5158 - 5163 (2021/07/20)
Industrially important triaryl phosphites, traditionally prepared from PCl3, have been synthesized by a diphenyl diselenide-catalyzed one-step procedure involving white phosphorus and phenols, which provides a halogen- and transition metal-free way to these compounds. Subsequent oxidation of triaryl phosphites produces triaryl phosphates and triaryl thiophosphates. Phosphorotrithioates are also prepared efficiently from aromatic thiols and aliphatic thiols.
Method for preparing phosphate ester derivatives from white phosphorus
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, (2021/06/23)
A method for preparing phosphate ester derivatives from white phosphorus relates to the field of chemical engineering, and comprises the following steps: adding alkali, a catalyst, a white phosphorus solution, ROH or RSH (R represents alkyl or aromatic group) into a reaction container in an inert atmosphere, and heating and stirring the mixture in a mixed solvent of toluene and DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) to react for a certain time, so as to obtain three-coordinated phosphate ester derivatives; and 2) continuing to add H2O2, air or sulfur powder until the oxidation is completed, thereby obtaining the tetra-coordinated phosphate ester derivative. According to the method, chlorine, phosphorus trichloride and halogen are not needed, phosphite ester is directly prepared from elementary white phosphorus in an efficient, green and environment-friendly manner, and phosphate and thiophosphate can be directly prepared after oxidation. High pollution and high corrosivity of a traditional method are avoided in the whole process; meanwhile, white phosphorus is completely converted in the whole process, white phosphorus residues are avoided, and the post-reaction treatment process is safe.
Assessing the Activity of Lewis Bases Organocatalysts in Halonium-Induced Carbocyclization Reactions
Grandclaudon, Charlotte,Ruamps, Mirko,Duboc, Rapha?l,Michelet, Véronique,Toullec, Patrick Y.
supporting information, p. 1181 - 1186 (2018/04/16)
Lewis bases were evaluated as catalysts for halocarbocyclization reactions of alkynylstyrenes and a cinnamylaniline derivative. Phosphines and phosphorus chalcogenides exhibited high activity for the conversion of alkynylstyrenes in the presence of N -halosuccinimides with up to a 30-fold increase of the initial reaction rate with respect to the background reaction. Phosphorus sulfides and selenides showed the best catalytic activity for the iodocarbocyclization of a cinnamylaniline derivative in the presence of diiodohydantoin. An asymmetric variant of the iodocarbocyclization reaction of an alkynylstyrene using a chiral phosphorus selenide resulted in a modest enantioselectivity.
The Reaction of Bunsen's Cacodyl Disulfide, Me2As(S)-S-AsMe2, with Iodine: Preparation and Properties of Dimethylarsinosulfenyl Iodide, Me2As-S-I
Ioannou, Panayiotis V.,Vachliotis, Dimitris G.,Chrissanthopoulos, Athanassios
, p. 1340 - 1346 (2015/06/30)
Bunsen's cacodyl disulfide, Me2As(S)-S-AsMe2 (1), reacted with iodine giving the novel dimethylarsinosulfenyl iodide, Me2As-S-I (3) although theoretical calculations indicated that the AsV compound Me2As(S)-I (4) was more stable in the gas phase. The oily product was stable neat and as a solution in CDCl3 at +4 °C and -20 °C for at least 15 d. Light, H2O, H2O2, and Zn dust, but not NaI or Ag, decomposed it. Compound 3 did not interact with Ph3N, with Ph2NH and PhNH2 it interacted but not reacted. 3 was decomposed by piperidine, with pyridine and 4-dimethylaminopyridine it interacted and produced Me2As-SS-AsMe2 (2) and I2 that formed charge transfer complexes Base·I2, whereas Et3N decomposed 3, and 3Et3N·2I2 was isolated. 3 was desulfurized by Ph3P and (Me2N)3P completely, and by (PhO)3P and (PhS)3P partially. The reactions of 3 with (Me2N)3P, (PhS)3P, and (EtO)3P were complicated. From the AsIII nucleophiles, only Ph3As was bound, while (PhS)3As reacted slowly in a complicated manner with 3. No interaction of 3 with MeOH or PhOH was observed but NaOH, Ag2O, and PhONa decomposed it. Thiophenol produced traces of Me2As-SPh (10) and sodium thiophenolate attacked mainly at AsIII of 3. Thus, externally stabilized sulfenium ions of the type Me2As-S-Nu+I- were not obtained.
Interaction of 1,3,2,4-benzodithiadiazines with aromatic phosphines and phosphites
Grayfer, Tatiana D.,Makarov, Alexander Yu,Bagryanskaya, Irina Yu,Irtegova, Irina G.,Gatilov, Yuri V.,Zibarev, Andrey V.
, p. 42 - 50 (2015/03/18)
Although an interaction between hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon 1,3,2,4-benzodithiadiazines (1) and P(C6H5)3 continuously produces chiral 1,2,3-benzodithiadiazol-2-yl iminophosporanes (2; in this work, 5,7-difluoro derivative 2a ) via 1:1 condensation, an interaction between 1 and other PR3 reagents gives different products. With R = OC6H5 and both hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon 1, only X=P(OC6H5)3 (X = S, O) were identified in the complex reaction mixtures by 13C and 31P NMR and GC-MS. With R = C6F5, no interaction with the archetypal 1 was observed but catalytic addition of atmospheric water to the heterocycle afforded 2-amino-N-sulfinylbenzenesulfenamide (4). With electrophilic B(C6F5)3 instead of nucleophilic P(C6F5)3, only adduct H3N→B(C6F5)3 and a new polymorph of C6F5B(OH)2 were isolated and identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). A molecular structure of 2a was confirmed by XRD, and the π-stacked orientation of one of phenyl groups and heterocyclic moiety was observed. This structure is in general agreement with that calculated at the RI-MP2 level of theory, as well as at three different levels of DFT theory with the PBE and B3LYP functionals. Mild thermolysis of 2a in a dilute decane solution gave persistent 5,7-difluoro-1,2,3-benzodithiazolyl (3a) identified by EPR in combination with DFT calculations.
1,2,4-Dithiazole-5-ones and 5-thiones as efficient sulfurizing agents of phosphorus(iii) compounds - A kinetic comparative study
Ponomarov, Oleksandr,Laws, Andrew P.,Hanusek, Ji?í
supporting information, p. 8868 - 8876 (2013/01/15)
The sulfurization efficiency of 25 3-substituted-1,2,4-dithiazole-5-ones and 5-thiones towards triphenyl phosphite in acetonitrile, DCM, THF and toluene at 25 °C was evaluated. All the 1,2,4-dithiazoles are much better sulfurizing reagents than commercially available agents (PADS, TETD, Beaucage's reagent). The most efficient sulfurizing agents in all solvents are 3-phenoxy (4), 3-phenylthio (5) and 3-ethoxy-1,2,4-dithiazole-5-one (1) whose reactivity is at least two orders of magnitude higher than that of other 1,2,4-dithiazoles. Contrary to a previous report, the sulfurization with 1 does not yield carbonylsulfide and ethyl cyanate as the additional reaction products but unstable ethoxythiocarbonyl isocyanate which has been trapped with 4-methoxyaniline. Similar trapping experiments have proven that the site of attack is at the sulfur adjacent to the CO group for compounds 4 and 5. The reaction pathway involves rate-limiting initial nucleophilic attack of the phosphorus at sulfur followed by decomposition of the phosphonium intermediate to the corresponding phosphorothioate and isocyanate/isothiocyanate species. The existence of the phosphonium intermediate during sulfurization of triphenyl phosphine with 3-phenyl-1,2,4-dithiazole-5-thione (7a) was proven using kinetic studies. From the Hammett and Bronsted correlations and from other kinetic measurements it was concluded that the transition-state structure is almost apolar for the most reactive 1,2,4-dithiazoles whereas a polar structure resembling a zwitter-ionic intermediate may be more appropriate for the least reactive 1,2,4-dithiazoles. The extent of P-S bond formation and S-S bond cleavage is very similar in all reaction series but it gradually decreases with the reactivity of the 1,2,4-dithiazole derivatives.
SULFURIZATION AGENT AND ITS USE
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Page/Page column 13-14, (2009/10/09)
The invention pertains to of a sulfurizing agent of formula A: or a salt, hydrate, solvate, or a mixture thereof, in which all R groups, independently, represent Hor an organic group, in sulfurization. The sulfurizing agent is preferably a formamidine disulfide. It is found a particularly suitable alternative to existing sulfurizing agents, since it is easy to synthesize from readily available, cheap starting materials.
On the sulfurization of h-phosphonate diesters and phosphite triesters using elemental sulfur
Wallin, Richard,Kalek, Marcin,Bartoszewicz, Agnieszka,Thelin, Mats,Stawinski, Jacek
scheme or table, p. 908 - 916 (2009/12/07)
Sulfurization of tetracoordinate and tricoordinate P(III) derivatives, namely, H-phosphonate diesters, H-phosphonothioate diesters, and phosphite triesters with elemental sulfur under various experimental conditions, was investigated.
Mechanism of the sulfurisation of phosphines and phosphites using 3-amino-1,2,4-dithiazole-5-thione (xanthane hydride)
Hanusek, Jiri,Russell, Mark A.,Laws, Andrew P.,Jansa, Petr,Atherton, John H.,Fettes, Kevin,Page, Michael I.
, p. 478 - 484 (2008/03/27)
Contrary to a previous report, the sulfurisation of phosphorus(iii) derivatives by 3-amino-1,2,4-dithiazole-5-thione (xanthane hydride) does not yield carbon disulfide and cyanamide as the additional reaction products. The reaction of xanthane hydride with triphenyl phosphine or trimethyl phosphite yields triphenyl phosphine sulfide or trimethyl thiophosphate, respectively, and thiocarbamoyl isothiocyanate which has been trapped with nucleophiles. The reaction pathway involves initial nucleophilic attack of the phosphorus at sulfur next to the thiocarbonyl group of xanthane hydride followed by decomposition of the phosphonium intermediate formed to products. The Hammett ρ-values for the sulfurisation of substituted triphenyl phosphines and triphenyl phosphites in acetonitrile are ～ -1.0. The entropies of activation are very negative (-114 ± 15 J mol-1 K-1) with little dependence on solvent which is consistent with a bimolecular association step leading to the transition state. The negative values of ΔS ≠ and ρ values indicate that the rate limiting step of the sulfurisation reaction is formation of the phosphonium ion intermediate which has an early transition state with little covalent bond formation. The site of nucleophilic attack has been also confirmed using computational calculations. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2007.
