106-65-0Relevant articles and documents
One-pot synthesis of dimethyl succinate from D-fructose using Amberlyst-70 catalyst
He, Liangtu,Huang, Yuzhang,Len, Christophe,Liu, Lei,Miao, Xinge,Wang, Yantao,Yang, Weiran
, (2021)
Dimethyl succinate (DMS), an important building block of bio-based platform chemicals, was produced from D-fructose under one-pot and metal-free conditions for the first time. In the presence of 1.5 mmol D-fructose, 75 mg Amberlyst-70 and 10 bar O2/
30. On the Regioselectivity Control in the Palladium-Catalyzed Hydro-alkoxycarbonylation of α,β-Unsaturated Esters
Consiglio, Giambattista,Nefkens, Sylvia C. A.,Pisano, Carmelina,Wenzinger, Fritz
, p. 323 - 325 (1991)
The regioselectivity of the hydro-alkoxycarbonylation of methyl acrylate, methacrylate, and crotonate catalyzed by complexes (L = phosphine ligands) can be largely controlled by variation of the ligands.PPh3 promotes preferential carbonylation a
Semiconductor Photocatalysis: Visible Light Induced Photoreduction of Aromatic Ketones and Electron-deficient Alkenes catalysed by Quantised Cadmium Sulfide
Shiragami, Tsutomu,Ankyu, Hirofumi,Fukami, Shinako,Pac, Chyongjin,Yanagida, Shozo,et al.
, p. 1055 - 1062 (1992)
Colloidal CdS suspensions (CdS-0) prepared at 0 deg C from methanolic Cd(ClO4)2 and Na2S solutions consist of quantised CdS microcrystallites (2-5 nm) and their loose aggregates, which catalyse the effective photoreduction of aromatic ketones and electron-deficient alkenes with triethylamine as electron donor.Under visible light induced photolysis, the methanolic CdS-0 suspension becomes brown owing to the reduction of lattice Cd2+ to Cd0, leading to the effective formation of alcohols from ketones, and dihydro compounds from alkenes.With the reduction potential2-) in the CdS-0 system, however, suppresses the formation of lattice Cd0, inducing one-electron transfer photoreductions which result in the exclusive formation of pinacols and 1,2,3,4-tetra(methoxycarbonyl)butane from the respective ketones and dimethyl maleate.The relationship between the two-electron reductions and the photogenerated lattice Cd0 is discussed in terms of the regulation of semiconductor photocatalysis.
Selective monomethyl esterification of linear dicarboxylic acids with bifunctional alumina catalysts
Santacroce, Veronica,Bigi, Franca,Casnati, Alessandra,Maggi, Raimondo,Storaro, Loretta,Moretti, Elisa,Vaccaro, Luigi,Maestri, Giovanni
, p. 5764 - 5768 (2016)
An environmentally friendly protocol for the selective protection of dicarboxylic acids is reported using methanol as a cheap esterifying agent and alumina as a heterogeneous catalyst; the selectivity of the process has been ascribed to a balanced acidity/basicity of the bifunctional alumina catalyst.
Selective hydrogenation by polymer-encapsulated platinum nanoparticles prepared by an easy single-step sonochemical synthesis
Atobe, Mahito,Okamoto, Mayuko,Fuchigami, Toshio,Park, Jong-Eun
, p. 26 - 29 (2010)
Polypyrrole-encapsulated platinum nanoparticles (PPy/Pt-NPs) prepared by an easy single-step sonochemical synthesis were used as catalysts for the liquid phase hydrogenation of substituted alkenes in methanol or methanol/water mixtures. Polypyrrole (PPy) coatings on the nanoparticles were able to act as nanoscopic filters for substrates molecules, and consequently substrate selectivity could be controlled in the catalytic processes.
Oxidative carbonylation of ethene catalyzed by Pd(II)-PPh3 complexes in MeOH using benzoquinone as stoichiometric oxidant
Cavinato, Gianni,Facchetti, Sarah,Toniolo, Luigi
, p. 63 - 69 (2012)
The complexes [Pd(COOMe)nX2-n(PPh3) 2] (n = 0, 1, 2; X = TsO, OAc, ONO2, Cl, Br), [Pd(SO 4)(PPh3)2], [PdCl2(PPh 3)]2 and PdX2 (X = Cl, Br, I) catalyze the oxidative ethene carbonylation in MeOH using benzoquinone (BQ) as stoichiometric oxidant. The main products dimethyl succinate (DMS) and dimethyl oxalate (DMO) are formed together with minor amounts of methyl propanoate and dimethyl carbonate. The formation of DMS unambiguously proves that ethene inserts into a Pd-COOMe bond. The influence of the CO/ethene ratio at constant total pressure and of the BQ/Pd ratio on the product distribution has been studied. Model reactions of a Pd-hydride with BQ, of trans-[Pd(COOMe)(TsO)(PPh 3)2] with ethene in the presence of BQ and of trans-[Pd(COOMe)2(PPh3)2] with BQ have been studied by 31P{1H} NMR. BQ consumes the Pd-hydride and directs the catalysis toward a Pd-COOMe initiator leading to DMS. In the catalysis to DMO, BQ is likely to favour the formation of a Pd-(COOMe) 2 species having the two carbomethoxy ligands in vicinal position such to favour the elimination of the product. The proposed catalytic cycles for the formation of the products are discussed.
Promoted role of Cu(NO3)2 on aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-diformylfuran over VOSO4
Jia, Xiuquan,Ma, Jiping,Wang, Min,Du, Zhongtian,Lu, Fang,Wang, Feng,Xu, Jie
, p. 231 - 236 (2014)
The promoted effect of Cu(NO3)2 on aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) catalyzed by VOSO4 in acetonitrile was intensively investigated. It was revealed that Cu(NO3)2 facilitated the activation of VOSO 4 to generate active V5+ species via the generation of NOx gas. The high DFF selectivity is ascribed to Cu2+ cation which can effectively prohibit oxidative CC bond cleavage reaction of HMF and prevent radical reaction of DFF to humins. In addition, the polarity of solvent plays a great role on high selectivity of DFF.
Conversion of levulinate into succinate through catalytic oxidative carbon-carbon bond cleavage with dioxygen
Liu, Junxia,Du, Zhongtian,Lu, Tianliang,Xu, Jie
, p. 2255 - 2258 (2013)
Grand Cleft Oxo: Levulinate, available from biomass, is oxidized into succinate through manganese(III)-catalyzed selective cleavage of C-C bonds with molecular oxygen. In addition to levulinate, a wide range of aliphatic methyl ketones also undergo oxidative C-C bond cleavage at the carbonyl group. This procedure offers a route to valuable dicarboxylic acids from biomass resources by nonfermentive approaches. Copyright
Kinetics of citraconic anhydride formation via condensation of formaldehyde and succinates
Shekhawat, Dushyant,Nagarajan, Kirthivasan,Jackson, James E.,Miller, Dennis J.
, p. 611 - 617 (2002)
Formation of citraconic anhydride via condensation of succinic acid and its derivatives with formaldehyde is carried out over γ-alumina catalyst in a continuous fixed-bed reactor. Dimethyl succinate and Formalin (37 wt % formaldehyde, 10 wt % methanol in water) are the preferred feed materials for the reaction; catalyst activity is sustained with Formalin relative to that with other formaldehyde sources such as trioxane or Formcel, because the water in Formalin inhibits coke formation. With this feed combination, a total citraconate yield of 31% of theoretical with 72% selectivity is achieved at a weight hour space velocity of 0.9 kg of succinate/kg of catalyst/h, a succinate to formaldehyde molar feed ratio of 1:2, and a temperature of 380 °C. The reaction is free from mass transfer limitations at these conditions. A kinetic model is presented that describes product distributions and reactant conversion as a function of space velocity and temperature. The reaction system is part of an overall process to produce itaconic acid from renewable resource-based succinic acid.
Kinetic Isotope Effects and Pressure Effects in Several Hydrogen-Transfer Reactions of Tetralin and Related Compounds
Pajak, Janusz,Brower, K. R.
, p. 2210 - 2216 (1985)
The H/D kinetic isotope effects and activation volumes have been measured for several hydrogen-transfer reactions using tetralin, dihydronaphthalenes, cyclohexa-1,4-diene, and cyclohexanol as donors.The isotope effects were found to exhibit different patterns for reactions of different mechanisms.They indicate whether hydrogen is in transit in the activated complex and show the number of atoms in transit (one or two).The KIE for the reaction of tetralin with quinones is consistent with concerted transfer of two hydrogens whereas the other reactions were found to be stepwise.The activation volumes lie within the range -23 to -33 mL/mol and do not seem to differetiate among bimolecular mechanisms.The relevance to previous studies of the KIE and ΔV(excit.) for coal hydrogenation reactions is discussed.
