616-47-7Relevant articles and documents
Selective N-Alkylation of Imidazole with Alcohols over Calcined Layered Double Hydroxides
Santhanalakshmi, Jayadevan,Raja, Thirumalaiswamy
, p. 2829 - 2831 (1997)
Vapor-phase N-alkylation syntheses of imidazole were carried out with MeOH and EtOH over a series of calcined MgII-AlIII layered double hydroxides (LDHs) selectively produced in high yields of N-methyl (70%) and N-ethyl (63%) imidazoles only on the 3 : 1 atomic ratio of MgII-AlIII calcined LDH. Attempts on C-alkylation and dialkylation reactions over the same catalysts proved to be unsuccessful.
Evaluation of decomposition products of EMImCl·1.5AlCl3 during aluminium electrodeposition with different analytical methods
Poetz, Sandra,Handel, Patricia,Fauler, Gisela,Fuchsbichler, Bernd,Schmuck, Martin,Koller, Stefan
, p. 6685 - 6690 (2014)
Ionic liquids are of great importance for electrodeposition of metals, which can't be deposited from aqueous electrolytes due to their negative standard potentials. In this paper non-woven polymers were coated with aluminium by electrodeposition from 1-et
Reactivity of Ionic Liquids: Reductive Effect of [C4C1im]BF4 to Form Particles of Red Amorphous Selenium and Bi2Se3 from Oxide Precursors
Knorr, Monika,Schmidt, Peer
, p. 125 - 140 (2020/12/17)
Temperature-induced change in reactivity of the frequently used ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4C1im]BF4) is presented as a prerequisite for the rational screening of reaction courses in material synthesis. [C4C1im]BF4 becomes active with oxidic precursor compounds in reduction reaction at ?≥200 °C, even without the addition of an external reducing agent. The reaction mechanism of forming red amorphous selenium from SeO2 is investigated as a model system and can be described similarly to the Riley oxidation. The reactive species but-1-ene, which is formed during the decomposition of [C4C1im]BF4, reacts with SeO2 and form but-3-en-2-one, water, and selenium. Elucidation of the mechanism was achieved by thermoanalytical investigations. The monotropic phase transition of selenium was analyzed by the differential scanning calorimetry. Beyond, the suitability of the single source oxide precursor Bi2Se3O9 for the synthesis of Bi2Se3 particles was confirmed. Identification, characterization of formed solids succeeded by using light microscopy, XRD, SEM, and EDX.
Crystallographic and spectroscopic analysis of 9,10-bis-alkyl imidazolium anthracene hexatungstate supramolecular complexes
Annapareddy, Gayatri,Mubeena, Shaik,N, Meghana,Sarma, Monima
, (2021/06/28)
This article describes the ionic and supramolecular association of bis-dialkyl imidazolium anthracene dications with hexametalate cluster anions. In the relevant compounds, the length of the alkyl chain was varied to observe its effect on the crystal packing. Despite the endothermicity in the crystals due to structural incompatibility between planar anthracene and spherical polyoxometalate ion, packing stability is attained by coulombic interaction together with the supramolecular interactions between the components. The nature of supramolecular interactions depends on the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl chain in the organic counterparts of the crystals which ultimately modifies the packing pattern.
Amphiphilic Polymeric Nanoparticles for Photoredox Catalysis in Water
Eisenreich, Fabian,Meijer,Palmans, Anja R. A.
supporting information, p. 10355 - 10361 (2020/07/27)
Photoredox catalysis has recently emerged as a powerful synthesis tool in organic and polymer chemistry. In contrast to the great achievements realized in organic solvents, performing photocatalytic processes efficiently in aqueous media encounters several challenges. Here, it is presented how amphiphilic single-chain polymeric nanoparticles (SCPNs) can be utilized as small reactors to conduct light-driven chemical reactions in water. By incorporating a phenothiazine (PTH) catalyst into the polymeric scaffold, metal-free reduction and C?C cross-coupling reactions can be carried out upon exposure to UV light under ambient conditions. The versatility of this approach is underlined by a large substrate scope, tolerance towards oxygen, and excellent recyclability. This approach thereby contributes to a sustainable and green way of implementing photoredox catalysis.
N-Alkylation of Imidazoles with Dialkyl and Alkylene Carbonates
Gabov,Khamidullina,Puzyrev,Ezhikova,Kodess,Pestov
, p. 2079 - 2086 (2021/02/09)
Abstract: The reactions of imidazoles with a series of dialkyl and alkylene carbonatesafforded the corresponding N-alkyl- andN-(hydroxyalkyl)imidazoles with highyields. The reactivity of dialkyl carbonates decreases in the series dimethyl> diethyl > dibutyl carbonate. Ethylene carbonate is a more efficientalkylating agent than trimethylene carbonate. The mechanisms of alkylation ofimidazole with dimethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate were studied by DFTquantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory.
Molecular tunability of surface-functionalized metal nanocrystals for selective electrochemical CO2 reduction
Pankhurst, James R.,Guntern, Yannick T.,Mensi, Mounir,Buonsanti, Raffaella
, p. 10356 - 10365 (2019/11/20)
Organic ligands are used in homogeneous catalysis to tune the metal center reactivity; in contrast, clean surfaces are usually preferred in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we demonstrate the potential of a molecular chemistry approach to develop efficient and selective heterogeneous catalysts in the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR). We have tailor-made imidazolium ligands to promote the CO2RR at the surface of hybrid organic/inorganic electrode materials. We used silver nanocrystals for the inorganic component to obtain fundamental insights into the delicate tuning of the surface chemistry offered by these ligands. We reveal that modifying the electronic properties of the metal surface with anchor groups along with the solid/liquid interface with tail groups is crucial in obtaining selectivities (above 90% FE for CO), which are higher than the non-functionalized Ag nanocrystals. We also show that there is a unique dependency of the CO2RR selectivity on the length of the hydrocarbon tail of these ligands, offering a new way to tune the interactions between the metal surface with the electrolyte and reactants.
Polyfunctional imidazolium surfactant and preparation method thereof
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Paragraph 0022; 0025; 0026, (2018/09/12)
The invention discloses a polyfunctional imidazolium surfactant and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing an alkyl-substituted imidazole intermediate; 2) preparing a bromo-oligomer intermediate; and 3) under nitrogen protection, adding the alkyl-substituted imidazole intermediate, the bromo-oligomer intermediate and acetonitrile in a reaction bottle, stirring the materials, heating the materials and performing backflow, reacting the materials, cooling the materials to room temperature, and removing a solvent to obtain the tri-imidazolium surfactant. Compared with the prior art, the tri-imidazolium surfactant has excellent performance, has three imidazolium groups, and greatly enhances the hydrophilic performance of the surfactant.The tri-imidazolium surfactant can adjust an amount of a monomer, effectively controls a size of a hydrophobic group in the surfactant molecules, and is in favor of regulating and controlling the performance of the surfactant. The preparation method of the tri-imidazolium surfactant has the advantage of simple process, and the obtained product has the advantages of easy separating and purifying, less by-product, and environmentally friendly performance.
Alkylation method for nitrogen-hydrogen containing compounds and application thereof
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Paragraph 0059; 0060; 0069; 0070, (2018/10/04)
The invention discloses an alkylation method for nitrogen-hydrogen containing compounds and an application thereof, belonging to the technical field of synthesis of organic compounds. The invention provides a series of methods for a nitrogen alkylation reaction of N-H containing heterocyclic compounds (II) with N,N-dimethylformamide dialkyl acetal as an alkyl source under the condition of no participation of metals, and a product with a hydrogen atom on a nitrogen atom substituted by R1 is obtained. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of highly-efficient reaction, high yield, simple treatment after the reaction, simple and convenient operation, mild reaction conditions, no participation of the metals, high tolerance of functional groups of a reaction substrate, wide range and easy preparation of the substrate, high reaction efficiency after amplification of the reaction, and applicability to large-scale industrial production.
Synthesis and structural, photophysical, electrochemical redox and axial ligation properties of highly electron deficient perchlorometalloporphyrins and selective CN- sensing by Co(ii) complexes
Chaudhri, Nivedita,Butcher, Ray J.,Sankar, Muniappan
, p. 8190 - 8199 (2018/05/24)
A straightforward synthetic route has been adopted to synthesize highly nonplanar electron deficient perchlorometallo-porphyrins. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of MTPP(NO2)Cl7 where M = CoII, NiII, CuII and ZnII. Further, we examined their optical and electrochemical redox properties and the results are compared with MTPPCl8. MTPP(NO2)Cl7 exhibited red-shifted (～10-15 nm) absorption spectra relative to MTPPCl8 due to the strong electron withdrawing nature of the nitro group. Mixed β-substitution alters the electrochemical redox properties to such an extent that an appreciable increase in the anodic shift in reduction potential (200-300 mV) is observed for MTPP(NO2)Cl7 relative to MTPPCl8 whereas only a minimal shift (15-50 mV) in the oxidation potential is observed. Nonplanarity of the macrocyclic core was investigated by single crystal X-ray analysis and DFT calculations. A higher ΔCβ (0.706 ?) for 1d as compared to 2d (0.642 ?) undoubtedly signifies nonplanarity induced by the nitro group. To substantiate the effect of mixed substitution, we performed axial ligation studies of Zn(ii) complexes with nitrogenous bases and basic anions and found higher log:β2 values as well as a linear relation between log:β2 and pKa as compared to perbromoporphyrins. Highly electron deficient β-substituted Co(ii) porphyrins (1a and 2a) were utilized as novel sensors for selective rapid visual detection of CN- ions.
