Bergius Process

F. Bergius, Gas World 58, 490 (1913); GB 18232 (1914).

Formation of petroleum-like hydrocarbons by hydrogenation of coal at high temperatures and pressures (e.g., 450°C and 300 atm) with or without catalysts; production of toluene by subjecting aromatic naphthas to cracking temperatures at 100 atm with a low partial pressure of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst.

B. T. Brooks, The Chemistry of the Nonbenzenoid Hydrocarbons (New York, 1950) p 115; McGraw-Hill Encyclopedia of Science and Technology vol. 2 (New York, 1960) p 166; R. M. Baldwin in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology vol. 6 (Wiley, New York, 4th ed., 1993) p 569. Cf. Fischer-Tropsch Syntheses.