Condensation

A. J. Lapworth, J. Chem. Soc. 83, 995 (1903); 85, 1206 (1904).

-catalyzed condensation of aromatic aldehydes to give benzoins (acyloins):



H. Staudinger, Ber. 46, 3530, 3535 (1913); W. S. Ide, J. S. Buck, Org. React. 4, 269 (1948); H. Herlinger, Houben-Weyl 7/2a, 653 (1973); A. Hassner, K. M. L. Rai, Comp. Org. Syn. 1, 541-577 (1991). Cf. Acyloin Condensation.