Kolbe-Schmitt Reaction

H. Kolbe, Ann. 113, 125 (1860); R. Schmitt, J. Prakt. Chem. [2] 31, 397 (1885).

Formation of aromatic hydroxy acids by carboxylation of phenolates, mostly in the ortho position, by carbon dioxide:



Reviews: A. S. Lindsey, H. Jeskey, Chem. Rev. 57, 583 (1957); D. C. Ayres, Carbanions in Synthesis 1966, 168-173; J. L. Hales et al., J. Chem. Soc. 1954, 3145; J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 4th ed., 1992) p 546.