- Preparation of (S)-Methyl glycidate via Hydrolytic kinetic resolution
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Frist of all. production of (±)-Methyl glycidate: a 3 L, round-bottomed flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar and an internal thermometer is charged with aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution (6.0 wt%, 940 mL, 0.755 mol) and cooled to 0 °C in an ice bath. (58.5 g, 0.680 mol, 1 equiv) is added in one portion, and the flask is capped loosely under air. The biphasic mixture is stirred vigorously at 0 °C. After 30 min, the ice bath is removed, and the solution is stirred for an additional 1.5 h. During this time, the internal temperature gradually rises to 30–37 °C, and the biphasic, yellow mixture becomes turbid and colorless. The reaction mixture is then cooled to 20–25 °C in an ice bath, transferred to a separatory funnel, and extracted with dichloromethane (4 × 150 mL). The organic extracts are dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to a volume of approximately 50 mL by rotary evaporation. The solution is transferred to a 100 mL recovery flask and purified by fractional vacuum distillation (bp 84–87 °C/70 mmHg) to afford racemic methyl glycidate (30.3-31.6 g, 44–46%) as a colorless liquid.
Then you can use (±)-Methyl glycidate to produce (S)-Methyl glycidate. A 200-mL, round-bottomed flask equipped with a magnetic stir bar is charged with (R,R)-(-)-N,N'-bis(3,5-di-tert-butylsalicylidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediaminocobalt(II) (0.916 g, 1.52 mmol, 0.50 mol%), p-toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate (0.304 g, 1.60 mmol, 0.53 mol%), and dichloromethane (20 mL). The solution rapidly turns from bright red to dark green/brown and is stirred open to air for 30 min. After removing the stir bar, the solution is concentrated by rotary evaporation, then the residue is dried under vacuum (<1 mmHg) for 30 min. The stir bar is returned to the flask, racemic methyl glycidate (31.0 g, 0.304 mol, 1 equiv) is added, and the flask is loosely capped with a greased glass stopper. After dissolving most of the catalyst residue by swirling the solution for 1-2 min, distilled water (3.85 mL, 0.214 mol, 0.70 eq) is added, the reaction vessel is immersed in a room temperature water bath and stirred vigorously for 24 hours. The stopper and water bath are removed, and the reaction flask is fitted with a reflux condenser. The mixture is heated at 85-90 °C (oil bath temperature) for 2 h. Upon cooling to room temperature and stirring for 30 min, the precipitated red (salen)Co(II) complex is recovered by vacuum filtration, and washed with distilled water (3 × 15 mL). The filtrate is extracted with dichloromethane (3 × 60 mL). The combined organic extracts are dried over sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated to a volume of less than 20 mL by rotary evaporation. This brown solution is transferred to a 50-mL recovery flask, and short path vacuum distillation (bp 54–57 °C/33 mmHg) affords (S)-methyl glycidate (11.1-11.4 g, 36-37%) as a colorless liquid in >99% enantiomeric excess.
This synthetic route is as follows:
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