Effect of different acceptors on N-hexyl carbazole moiety for dye-sensitized solar cells: design, characterization, molecular structure, and DSSC fabrications

Article abstract of DOI:10.1007/s13738-020-02082-y

Hexyl carbazole derivatives are one of the most prominent dye scaffolds in the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). New substituted carbazole dyes such as DRA-HC, DCA-HC, and DTC-HC were synthesized for DSSCs. These dyes are containing hexyl moiety as electron donor and rhodanine-3-acetic acid, cyanoacetic acid and tetracyanoethylene as an electron acceptor linked to carbazole moiety. The relation between dye structures, photophysical/electrochemical, molecular structure and DSSC manufacturing had been discussed. All structures showed more positive ground-state oxidation potential than I^?/I^?₃ and more negative excited state oxidation potential than the conduction band edge of the semiconductor. The highest efficiency of the DSSCs was obtained in the case of DCA-HC dye (η = 1.41%, V_OC = 708?mV, FF = 0.81, and J_SC = 2.45?mA?cm^?2 with 100?mW?cm^?2) compared to other synthesized dyes.