organic compounds
group participates in the formation of short BrÁ Á ÁBr contacts
Experimental
˚
[3.5122 (3) A] with two symmetry-related molecules at (y À 1,
The reaction of 4-bromobenzaldehyde (0.093 g, 0.50 mmol) with
N-benzylnortropinone (0.215 g, 1.00 mmol) in water (1.25 ml)
admixed with an organic cosolvent [dimethylformamide (DMF),
0.25 ml], according to the literature procedure of Lazny, Nodzewska
& Tomczuk (2011), gave (I), which was crystallized from diethyl ether
[yield: 0.116 g, 58%; m.p. 428–429 K (decomposition)]. Crystals
suitable for X-ray diffraction analysis were obtained at room
temperature by slow evaporation from a heptane solution of (I).
1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz): ꢂ 7.61 (br s, 1H), 7.49–7.44 (m, 3H),
7.40–7.32 (m, 2H), 7.30–7.26 (m, 2H), 6.80–6.74 (m, 2H), 4.88 (d, J =
2.2 Hz, 1H), 3.70–3.65 (m, 1H), 3.62 (d, J = 12.4 Hz, 1H), 3.49 (d, J =
12.4 Hz, 1H), 3.40–3.35 (m, 1H), 2.96 (dd, J = 17.0 Hz, 5.1 Hz, 1H),
2.48 (dt, J = 17.0 Hz, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 2.21–2.27 (m, 1H), 2.25–2.15 (m,
2H), 1.78–1.67 (m, 1H), 1.53–1.42 (m, 1H); 13C NMR (CDCl3,
100 MHz): ꢂ 210.6, 142.4, 137.3, 131.2, 129.8, 129.1, 128.1, 127.2, 120.5,
75.6, 63.1, 59.9, 58.0, 57.4, 50.5, 27.1, 26.8.
Àx + y, Àz) and (x À y + 1, x + 1, Àz). The intramolecular O—
HÁ Á ÁN hydrogen bond is also observed in (II). Additionally,
intermolecular face-to-edge C—BrÁ Á Áꢀ interactions [the
1
3
symmetry-related molecule is at (x + , Ày + , Àz + 1)] are
2
2
present in the crystal structure of (II) [C13—Br13Á Á ÁCg1, with
ꢀ
˚
C13Á Á ÁCg1 = 5.372 (2) A and C13—Br13Á Á ÁCg1 = 151.83 (7) ].
The N-benzyl substituents of (I)–(III) are equatorial,
similar to the majority of crystal structures of N-alkyl-
nortropanes and the thermodynamic preference for tropanes
in solution (Lazny, Ratkiewicz, Nodzewska, Wynimko &
Siergiejczyk, 2012). Such a configuration is strongly related to
the exo orientation of the bulky 4-bromophenyl(hydroxy)-
methyl groups at atom C2. The existence of the specific
N-alkyl invertomer can be explained by steric hindrance of the
C2 substituent in (I)–(III). Moreover in (I) and (II), an
intramolecular hydrogen bond is formed between heterocyclic
atom N8 and the OH group (Figs. 1 and 2); in (I), NÁ Á ÁO =
The reaction of 4-bromobenzaldehyde (0.330 g, 1.78 mmol) with
N-benzylnortropinone (0.333 g, 1.55 mmol) promoted with chiral
lithium (R)-N-benzhydryl-1-phenylethanamide (0.535 g, 1.86 mmol),
according to the literature procedure of Lazny, Sienkiewicz, Olenski
et al. (2012), followed by precipitation from a mixture of dichloro-
methane and hexane (1:8 v/v), gave (II) {yield: 0.470 g, 76%, 75% ee
[by 1H NMR in the presence of (R)-(À)-1-(9-anthryl)-2,2,2-tri-
fluoroethanol]} as a white solid. An analytical sample was recrys-
tallized from dichloromethane–hexane (1:8 v/v) [m.p. 404–405 K
(decomposition); ee ꢂ 98%; [ꢃ]D at 293 K = 37ꢀ (c = 0.5, CHCl3,
where c is the concentration in grams per 100 ml)]. Crystals suitable
for X-ray diffraction analysis were obtained at room temperature by
slow evaporation from a heptane solution of (II).
ꢀ
˚
2.7902 (19) A and N—HÁ Á ÁO = 149 , while in (II) the corre-
ꢀ
˚
sponding values are 2.682 (2) A and 157 (4) . As a result, in
the crystal structures of (I) and (II), the N-equatorial inver-
tomers are additionally stabilized and inversion to the N-axial
conformers is not possible. Similar conformations are
observed in solution. The H9C—C9—C2—H2 torsion angles
of À64.1ꢀ for (I) and 56.7ꢀ for (II) in the solid state corre-
spond, approximately, to the probable angles in solution,
estimated using the Karplus correlation of dihedral angles (52
and 58ꢀ) and the observed vicinal coupling constants for
benzylic carbinol proton signals at 4.88 (d, J = 2.2 Hz) and
5.04 p.p.m (d, J = 2.8 Hz), respectively (Karplus, 1959, 1963;
Bifulco et al., 2007). This indicates similar conformations of (I)
and (II) in solution and in the solid state.
The reaction of 4-bromobenzaldehyde (0.213 g, 1.15 mmol) with
N-benzylnortropinone (0.215 g, 1.00 mmol) promoted with LDA
(lithium diisopropylamide; 1.20 mmol), according to the literature
procedure of Lazny, Sienkiewicz, Olenski et al. (2012), gave (III),
which was crystallized from a mixture of heptane and AcOEt (7:1 v/v)
[yield: 0.380 g, 95%; m.p. 421–423 K (decomposition)]. No additional
crystallization attempts were required prior to X-ray data collection.
1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz): ꢂ 7.50 (br s, 1H), 7.45–7.32 (m, 7H),
7.12–7.03 (m, 2H), 5.04 (d, J = 2.8 Hz, 1H), 3.74–3.63 (m, 3H), 3.60–
3.54 (m, 1H), 2.78 (dd, J = 16.0 Hz, 3.3 Hz, 1H), 2.40 (s, 1H), 2.38–2.15
(m, 3H), 1.72–1.58 (m, 2H); 13C NMR (CDCl3, 100 MHz): ꢂ 208.0,
140.7, 137.4, 131.0, 129.0, 128.8, 127.8, 127.3, 121.0, 75.8, 65.0, 64.1,
58.9, 57.0, 51.5, 26.8, 26.4.
In the crystal structures of (I) and (II), the packing is based
mainly on weak intermolecular interactions. A different
mechanism is observed in (III), where the –OH group parti-
cipates in the formation of an intermolecular hydrogen bond
with carbonyl atom O3 from a symmetry-related molecule at
1
2
˚
(Àx + 2, Ày + 1, z À ) [OÁ Á ÁO = 2.874 (3) A and O—HÁ Á ÁO =
176ꢀ]. Molecules related by 21 axes form helices extending
along the c direction, and a different orientation of the OH
group at atom C9 is observed. However, due to the exo
configuration of the substituent on the bicyclic system,
formation of the second N-benzyl invertomer is prevented
here by the close proximity of the (4-bromophenyl)-
(hydroxy)methyl group. The H9C—C9—C2—H2 torsion
angle of 170.2ꢀ in (III) corresponds to the conformation which
is disfavoured in solution, as indicated by the relevant vicinal
coupling constant (J = 2.8 Hz) which rules out such a value for
the torsion angle.
The obtained crystals of (I), (II) and (III) were rather large for the
microfocus beam, but due to their fragility, any manipulation (e.g.
cutting) was unfeasible prior to the diffraction experiments.
Isomer (I)
Crystal data
C21H22BrNO2
Mr = 400.31
Trigonal, R3
a = 29.8145 (5) A
c = 10.2028 (2) A
˚
V = 7854.2 (4) A
Z = 18
Mo Kꢃ radiation
ꢄ = 2.36 mmÀ1
T = 100 K
0.54 Â 0.46 Â 0.29 mm
˚
˚
3
Note that the mode of stabilization of the N-alkyl group in
the equatorial position reported here is also likely to be
operational in other N-methyl-substituted tropinones and also
in N-benzylgranatanone derivatives (Lazny, Wolosewicz,
Zielinska et al., 2011; Lazny, Sienkiewicz, Olenski et al., 2012;
Lazny, Wolosewicz, Dauter & Brzezinski, 2012; Brzezinski et
al., 2012).
Data collection
Agilent SuperNova Dual
diffractometer
Absorption correction: analytical
(CrysAlis PRO; Agilent, 2011)
Tmin = 0.434, Tmax = 0.633
24029 measured reflections
4885 independent reflections
4130 reflections with I > 2ꢅ(I)
Rint = 0.033
ꢁ
Acta Cryst. (2013). C69, 303–306
Brzezinski et al.
Three isomers of C21H22BrNO2 305