α-RADIOLYSIS OF THE TRIBUTYL PHOSPHATE–HYDROCARBON DILUENT...
201
of the same authors [22] and to the data of [32], in the
two-phase system with air or oxygen bubbling the
yields of nitration and oxidation products are more
than two times lower. In this case, probably, the ex-
traction of radiolysis products from the aqueous phase
can play a significant role also, but here nitrogen ox-
ides and peroxy compounds, which are capable to in-
crease the concentration of active oxidants in the or-
ganic phase, are concerned.
Int. Conf. ISEC’96, Melbourne (Australia), 1996, vol. 1,
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sistem (Radiation Chemistry of Extraction Systems),
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. Dzhivanova, Z.V., Belova, E.V., Tkhorzhnitskii, G.P.,
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1
51.
A comparison shows that, as in the case of the BHP
formation, in α-radiolysis the process occurs more
deeply, with oxidation to carboxylic acids prevailing,
and at relatively low dose rate the oxygen supply due
to diffusion appears to be sufficient. In irradiation with
accelerated electrons at high dose rate, the radiolysis
products contained no ketones, but these data were
obtained without replacement of the aqueous phase
7
8
. Mincher, B.J., Modolo, G., and Mezyk, S.P., Solvent
Extr. Ion Exch., 2009, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 1–25.
. Egorov, G.F. and Afanas’ev, O.P., At. Energ., 1983,
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9. Adamov, V.M., Andreev, V.I., Belyaev, B.N., et al.,
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10. Adamov, V.M., Andreev, V.I., Belyaev, B.N., et al.,
Radiokhimiya, 1992, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 189–197.
(
and, as a consequence, at decreasing HNO amount)
11. Fedorov, Yu.S., Zilberman, B.Ya., Ryabkov, D.V.,
et al., Bezopasn. Yadern. Tekhnol. Okryzh. Sredy, 2012,
no. 1, pp. 56–58.
2. Pikaev, A.K., Sovremennaya radiatsionnaya khimiya.
Radioliz gazov i zhidkostei (Modern Radiation Chemis-
try. Radiolysis of Gases and Liquids), Moscow: Nauka,
3
and at limited air access. Here, the yields of the radio-
lysis products are intermediate between those in α- and
γ-radiolysis, and the degradation of hydrocarbons
and/or formation of unidentified intermediates, proba-
bly, plays here a more significant role. It seems that
irradiation with accelerated electrons without phase
mixing does not simulate to full extent the conditions
of the real industrial process. Hence, performing com-
parative experiments under strictly standardized condi-
tions becomes still more necessary.
1
1
986, p. 193.
1
1
3. Pearson, J., Jan, O., Miller, G., and Nilsson, M., Proce-
dia Chem., 2012, vol. 7, pp. 334–340.
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Radiochem. Radioanal. Lett., 1983, vol. 59, nos. 5–6,
pp. 355–364.
On the whole, the study performed shows how
strongly the effect of α-radiation on the TBP–saturated
hydrocarbons system differs from the effect of
γ-radiation. For more serious comparison, it is neces-
sary to perform a set of systematic studies to refine the
role of the irradiation conditions and source.
15. Mincher, B.J., Mezyk, S.P., Elias, G., et al., Solvent
Extr. Ion Exch., 2014, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 167–178.
16. Tsujino, T. and Ishihara, T., J. Nucl. Sci. Technol.,
1
963, vol. 3, no. 8, pp. 320–325.
17. Tkhorzhnitskii, G.P., Danilin, D.L., Rodin, A.V., et al.,
Radiochemistry, 2013, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 88–90.
1
1
2
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
9. Huggard, A.J. and Warner, B.F., Nucl. Sci. Eng., 1963,
The authors are grateful to N.D. Goletskii,
A.S. Kudinov, and E.A. Puzikov for the technical as-
sistance in the article preparation and to G.V. Sidoren-
ko for the assistance in its editing.
vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 638–650.
0. Kurtepov, M.M., Pushlenkov, M.F., Zilberman, B.Ya.,
et al., Radiokhimiya, 1967, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 32–37.
1. Pushlenkov, M.F., Yakovlev, G.N., Zilberman, B.Ya.,
et al., Action of plutonium-238 alpha radiation on the
TBP–Sintin solvent in the presence of nitric acid and
air, Report of the Radium Inst. and Research Inst. of
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RADIOCHEMISTRY Vol. 58 No. 2 2016