Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions p. 1115 - 1118 (1990)
Update date:2022-08-26
Topics:
Edmondson, Stephen J.
Hill, Jon S.
Isaacs, Neil S.
Mitchell, Philip C. H.
Improved rates of formation and yields of phthalocyanines are observed when the reaction between phthalonitrile and a metal salt is carried out at pressures around 10 kbar.The reaction also benefits from the presence of a superbase, 1,5-diazabicyclo<4.3.0>non-5-ene or 1,8-diazabicyclo<5.4.0>undec-7-ene, and a reducing agent, hydroquinone.In addition to providing superior yields of metallophthalocyanoines from a variety of metal salts, these improvements permit the synthesis of phthalocyanines otherwise difficult to obtain.High pressure combinated with a reducing agent is particularly advantageous.In the absence of a metal salt, good yields of metal-free phthalocyanine were obtained.
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