Journal of the Electrochemical Society p. 3633 - 3640 (1989)
Update date:2022-08-11
Topics:
Jacobs
Rikken
This paper reports on the deposition of Au on cathodically biased p-GaAs electrodes from alkaline KAu(CN)2 solutions in the dark or under illumination. Nucleation and growth of Au have been studied by potentiodynamic and potentiostatic current measurements in combination with scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Au deposition is characterized by progressive nucleation and three-dimensional growth followed by coalescence of Au particles. Different mechanisms of electron transfer processes occurring during nucleation and growth are discussed. Au nucleation in the dark occurs readily at relatively high-doped (>5 × 1017cm3) electrodes, both in the absence and presence of excess CN-ions. Selective photoinduced nucleation is possible on low-doped (<2 × 1017/cm3) electrodes in a solution with excess CN-ions. It is observed that the critical size of Au nuclei is smaller than 1 nm. Growth of previously formed Au nuclei can proceed in the dark and is initially controlled both by kinetic factors and diffusion of Au(CN)2- ions. Our results indicate that only a small potential barrier exists between p-GaAs and deposited Au particles.
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Doi:10.1039/c3cy00554b
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