FULL PAPER
Preparation of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles: FeCl3·6H2O (2.43 g) and
Acknowledgments
FeSO4·7H2O (1.67 g) were dissolved in deionized water (50 mL) un-
der nitrogen gas with vigorous stirring at 80 °C. Then, 2 m NaOH
aqueous solutions were rapidly added into the solution until the
pH of the solution was adjusted to 10. After heating, the black
suspension was cooled to room temperature naturally. The black
products were washed several times with deionized water and abso-
lute ethanol. Finally, the washed precipitation was dried in a vac-
uum oven at 60 °C for 12 h.
This work was supported by the State Key Laboratory of Urban
Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology
(grant number HCK201017), Jiangsu Natural Science Fund of
China (grant numbers BK2012716, BK20130485), Universities
Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (grant number
11KJB480001), Postdoctoral Foundation of Jiangsu Province
(grant number 1102125C), Priority Academic Program Develop-
ment of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), and
Highly Qualified Professional Initial Funding of Jiangsu University
(grant number 10JDG120).
Preparation of Fe3O4@CRCSs: Fe3O4 nanoparticles were first im-
mersed in a 0.1 m HNO3 solution for 5 min and then separated
with a magnet and washed several times with deionized water. Sub-
sequently, sodium gluconate (3 g) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (0.3 g)
were dissolved in deionized water (60 mL) under vigorous stirring,
and then transferred into a Teflon®-lined stainless-steel autoclave
with a capacity of 100 mL. The autoclave was sealed and heated at
180 °C for 48 h. After cooling to room temperature, the black prod-
ucts were washed several times with deionized water and absolute
ethanol. Finally, the washed precipitate was dried in a vacuum oven
at 60 °C for 12 h.
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by using a Bruker D8 diffractometer with high-intensity Cu-Kα ra-
diation (λ = 1.54 Å). The field-emission scanning electron micro-
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instrument operating at 15 kV. The samples for SEM were prepared
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evaporate slowly in air. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy
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taken with a JEOL 2100 transmission electron microscope operated
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model 2000 spectrometer. XPS measurements were performed with
an ESCALAB 250 spectrometer (Thermo-VG Scientific) with Al-
Kα X-ray radiation as the X-ray source for excitation. The PL spec-
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Photochemical Experiments: The photocatalytic activity was evalu-
ated by the degradation of MB under visible light (λϾ420 nm).
The visible light was obtained from a 250 W xenon lamp with a
420 nm cutoff filter. A suspension containing powdered catalyst
(100 mg) and a fresh aqueous solution of MB (100 mL, 10 mg/L)
was magnetically stirred in the dark for ca. 1 h to establish an ad-
sorption–desorption equilibrium for the MB species. The suspen-
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and during illumination. At certain time intervals, 3 mL aliquots
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Supporting Information (see footnote on the first page of this arti-
cle): SEM image and EDS maps for as-synthesized Bi-MCRCSs,
TEM image of Bi-MCRCSs, cycling runs for the photocatalytic
degradation of MB in the presence of Bi-MCRCSs.
Received: August 17, 2013
Published Online: January 8, 2014
Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2014, 994–1000
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