Name: Histamine
SKU: 51-45-6

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Basic Information

Molecular Structure:
CAS No.:	51-45-6
Name:	Histamine

Formula:	C₅H₉N₃
Molecular Weight:	111.147
Synonyms:	1H-Imidazole-4-ethanamine(9CI);Histamine (8CI);2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine;2-(1H-Imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine;2-(3H-Imidazol-4-yl)ethylamine;2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethanamine;4-(2-Aminoethyl)imidazole;5-Imidazoleethylamine;Eramin;Ergamine;Ergotidine;Imidazole-4-ethylamine;NSC 33792;b-Imidazolyl-4-ethylamine;
EINECS:	200-100-6
Density:	1.14 g/cm³
Melting Point:	83-84 °C(lit.)
Boiling Point:	331 °C at 760 mmHg
Flash Point:	180.3 °C
Solubility:	Soluble in water, alcohol, and hot chloroform.
Appearance:	White to slightly yellow powder
Hazard Symbols:	Xn
Risk Codes:	22-36/37/38-42/43
Safety:	22-26-36/37
Transport Information:	UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
PSA:	54.70000
LogP:	0.61120

Synthetic route

: 18502-05-1
4-cyanomethylimidazole

: 51-45-6
histamine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrazine hydrate In ethanol at 60℃; for 1h; Autoclave; Industrial scale;	66%
With ammonia; nickel

: 13518-55-3
4-(2-chloroethyl)-1H-imidazole

: 51-45-6
histamine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With ethanol; ammonia

: 66348-61-6
monocloridrato di 2-(2-tiono-4-imidazolin-4-il)etilamina

: 51-45-6
histamine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With water; iron(III) chloride

: 71-00-1
D,L-histidine

: 51-45-6
histamine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
bei der Zersetzung durch Bakterien der Coli-Typhus-Gruppe;
bei der Zersetzung durch Bakterien der Coli-Typhus-Gruppe in saurem Medium und bei Gegenwart von kohlenstoff- und stickstoffliefernden Substanzen;
Bakterielle Bildung bei der Faeulnis von Sojabohnen zurueckzufuehren;

: 71-00-1
L-histidine

A: 51-45-6
histamine

B: 4998-57-6
His

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With sulfuric acid at 240 - 250℃;

: 5354-94-9
N-benzoyl-L-histidine

: 51-45-6
histamine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
at 240℃; unter vermindertem Druck; Behandeln des Reaktionsprodukts mit konz. Salzsaeure bei 180gradC;
at 240℃; im Vakuum und Behandeln des Reaktionsprodukts mit konz.Salzsaeure bei 180grad;

: 65465-66-9
1-acetoxy-4N-phthalimidobutan-2-one

: 3473-63-0
formamidine acetic acid

: 51-45-6
histamine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
Multistep reaction;

: 117308-63-1
Anguibactin

A: 51-45-6
histamine

B: 303-38-8
2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid

C: 98135-21-8
Dehydrocystine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride at 100℃; for 24h;

...Expand

: 2-(1H-Imidazol-4-yl)-ethylamine

: 51-45-6
histamine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With tri-n-propylamine In gas at 69.9℃; Thermodynamic data; δΔGH+(g), var. bases;

4(resp. 5)-cyanomethyl-imidazole: 4(resp. 5)-cyanomethyl-imidazole

: 51-45-6
histamine

Conditions

Conditions	Yield
With ethanol; sodium

Raw Materials

56-92-8

50-81-7

Downstream Products

645-14-7

673-49-4

Total:109 Page 1 of 3 1 2 3 Next>>

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Chemistry

Molecular Structure:

Molecular Formula: C₅H₉N₃
Molecular Weight: 111.1451
IUPAC Name: 2-(1H-Imidazol-5-yl)ethanamine
Synonyms of Histamine (CAS NO.51-45-6): Histamine [USAN] ; 1H-Imidazole-4-ethanamine ; 2-(4-Imidazolyl)ethylamine ; 4-(2-Aminoethyl)-1H-imidazole ; 5-Imidazoleethylamine ; CCRIS 6535 ; EINECS 200-100-6 ; Eramin ; Ergamine ; Ergotidine ; Ethylamine, 2-imidazol-4-yl- ; Free histamine ; HSDB 3338 ; Imidazole, 4-(2-aminoethyl)- ; Imidazole-4-ethylamine ; Istamina ; Istamina [Italian] ; NSC 33792 ; Theramine ; UNII-820484N8I3 ; beta-Aminoethylglyoxaline ; beta-Aminoethylimidazole ; beta-Imidazolyl-4-ethylamine ; 1H-Imidazole-5-ethanamine ; 2-Imidazol-4-ylethylamine
CAS NO: 51-45-6
Classification Code: Histamine Agents ; Histamine Agonists ; Mutation data ; Natural Product ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; Reproductive Effect
Melting point: 83-84 °C
Index of Refraction: 1.567
Molar Refractivity: 31.86 cm³
Molar Volume: 97.4 cm³
Surface Tension: 56 dyne/cm
Density: 1.14 g/cm³
Flash Point: 180.3 °C
Enthalpy of Vaporization: 57.36 kJ/mol
Boiling Point: 331 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure: 0.00016 mmHg at 25 °C

Production

Histamine (CAS NO.51-45-6) is derived from the decarboxylation of the amino acid histidine, a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme L-histidine decarboxylase.

Toxicity Data With Reference

Organism	Test Type	Route	Reported Dose (Normalized Dose)	Effect	Source
cat	LDLo	subcutaneous	34mg/kg (34mg/kg)		Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 185, Pg. 461, 1937.
dog	LD50	intravenous	7mg/kg (7mg/kg)	CARDIAC: OTHER CHANGES	Indian Veterinary Journal. Vol. 57, Pg. 31, 1980.
dog	LDLo	subcutaneous	28500ug/kg (28.5mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: COMA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA"	"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 718, 1948.
frog	LDLo	subcutaneous	1700mg/kg (1700mg/kg)		"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 718, 1948.
guinea pig	LD50	intraperitoneal	5mg/kg (5mg/kg)		"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 736, 1948.
guinea pig	LD50	intravenous	180ug/kg (0.18mg/kg)		Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. Vol. 95, Pg. 45, 1949.
guinea pig	LDLo	oral	200mg/kg (200mg/kg)	LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA	"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 718, 1948.
guinea pig	LDLo	subcutaneous	8mg/kg (8mg/kg)		Farmaco, Edizione Scientifica. Vol. 9, Pg. 379, 1954.
monkey	LDLo	intravenous	50mg/kg (50mg/kg)		"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 718, 1948.
mouse	LD50	intraperitoneal	725mg/kg (725mg/kg)		British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy. Vol. 17, Pg. 137, 1961.
mouse	LD50	intravenous	385mg/kg (385mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES	Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 13, Pg. 89, 1979.
mouse	LD50	oral	220mg/kg (220mg/kg)		Japanese Journal of Toxicology. Vol. 4, Pg. 105, 1991.
mouse	LD50	subcutaneous	2500mg/kg (2500mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA	Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 13, Pg. 89, 1979.
rabbit	LDLo	intravenous	2mg/kg (2mg/kg)		"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 784, 1948.
rabbit	LDLo	subcutaneous	12mg/kg (12mg/kg)	BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) CARDIAC: PULSE RATE INCREASE WITHOUT FALL IN BP LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION	"Structure et Activite Pharmacodyanmique des Medicaments du Systeme Nerveux Vegetatif," Bovet, D., and F. Bovet-Nitti, New York, S. Karger, 1948Vol. -, Pg. 718, 1948.
rat	LD50	intravenous	630mg/kg (630mg/kg)	LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES	Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 13, Pg. 89, 1979.
rat	LDLo	subcutaneous	250mg/kg (250mg/kg)	AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: OTHER (DIRECT) PARASYMPATHOMIMETIC BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD	Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archiv fuer Experimentelle Pathologie und Pharmakologie. Vol. 185, Pg. 461, 1937.

Safety Profile

Hazard Codes of Histamine (CAS NO.51-45-6): Harmful Xn
Risk Statements: 22-36/37/38-42/43
R22: Harmful if swallowed.
R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
R42/43: May cause sensitization by inhalation and skin contact.
Safety Statements: 22-26-36/37
S22: Do not breathe dust.
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
RIDADR: UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
WGK Germany: 3
RTECS: MS1050000
F: 3-10-23
HazardClass: 6.1(b)
PackingGroup: III

51-45-6

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Chemistry

Production

Toxicity Data With Reference

Safety Profile