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Lactulose

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Name

Lactulose

EINECS 225-027-7
CAS No. 4618-18-2 Density 1.77 g/cm3
PSA 197.37000 LogP -5.55300
Solubility 76.4 G/100 ML (30 ºC) Melting Point ~169 °C (dec.)
Formula C12H22O11 Boiling Point 680.5 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Weight 342.3 Flash Point 365.4 °C
Transport Information N/A Appearance White powder
Safety 24/25 Risk Codes N/A
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 4618-18-2 (Lactulose) Hazard Symbols N/A
Synonyms

MLS-50;Piarle;Enulose;Duphalac;Liforos;Lagnos;Lactulose;Cholac;cephulac;laevolac;Caloryl;

Article Data 7

Lactulose Synthetic route

63-42-3

D-(+)-lactose

4618-18-2

lactulose

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With calcium hydroxide; water
With β-galactosidase from kluyveromyces lactis; glucose isomerase from streptomyces rubiginosus In aq. phosphate buffer at 53.5℃; for 3h; pH=7.5; Catalytic behavior; Temperature; Concentration; Enzymatic reaction;
With Ca3.4AlO4.9 In water at 89.84℃; under 7500.75 Torr; for 3h; Reagent/catalyst; Time; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere; Green chemistry;
5965-66-2

LACTOSE

A

87-81-0

D-tagatose

B

50-99-7

D-glucose

C

59-23-4

D-Galactose

D

4618-18-2

lactulose

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Zeolite Na-X; water at 85℃; for 10h; Product distribution; var. reag.: var. minerals and zeolites; var. pH, isomerization;
2305-06-8

O4-β-D-galactopyranosyl-1-p-toluidino-1-deoxy-D-fructose

A

4618-18-2

lactulose

B

reagent 4: oxalic acid ; reagent 5: water

reagent 4: oxalic acid ; reagent 5: water

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium nitrate; Pd-BaSO4; acetic acid Hydrogenation;
57-48-7

D-Fructose

63-42-3

D-(+)-lactose

4618-18-2

lactulose

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With β-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae at 40℃; pH=4.5; aq. buffer; Enzymatic reaction;
98-88-4

benzoyl chloride

4618-18-2

lactulose

octa-benzoyl lactulose

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With pyridine In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 16h;87.2%
108-24-7

acetic anhydride

4618-18-2

lactulose

octa-acetyl lactulose

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With pyridine at 20℃; for 0.15h;83.2%
7493-95-0

4-nitrophenyl α-D-galactoside

4618-18-2

lactulose

α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->6)-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->4)-D-fructofuranose

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With recombinant Aspergillus nidulans FGSC GH36 α-galactosidase at 37℃; for 3h; pH=5; aq. acetate buffer; Enzymatic reaction; regioselective reaction;38%

Lactulose Specification

This chemical is called Lactulose, and its CAS registry number is 4618-18-2. With the molecular formula of C12H22O11, its product categories are Sugars, Carbohydrates & Glucosides; Basic Sugars (Mono & Oligosaccharides); Biochemistry; Disaccharides. In addition, this chemical should be sealed in the cool and dry place.

Physical properties about Lactulose are: (1)ACD/LogP: -2.885; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 2; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -2.88; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -2.88; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1.00; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1.00; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 1.00; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 1.00; (9)#H bond acceptors: 11; (10)#H bond donors: 8; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 13; (12)Index of Refraction: 1.656; (13)Molar Refractivity: 70.859 cm3; (14)Molar Volume: 192.83 cm3; (15)Polarizability: 28.091 10-24cm3; (16)Surface Tension: 113.033996582031 dyne/cm; (17)Density: 1.775 g/cm3; (18)Flash Point: 365.377 °C; (19)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 114.233 kJ/mol; (20)Boiling Point: 680.539 °C at 760 mmHg

Preparation and Uses: Lactulose could be obtained by the Lactose under the action of alkali isomerization. It promotes the proliferation of intestinal bifidobacteria, and it's conducive to good health.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
1.SMILES: O[C@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O)[C@@H](CO)OC2(O)CO;
2.InChI: InChI=1/C12H22O11/c13-1-4-6(16)7(17)8(18)11(21-4)22-9-5(2-14)23-12(20,3-15)10(9)19/h4-11,13-20H,1-3H2/t4-,5-,6+,7+,8-,9-,10+,11+,12?/m1/s1;
3.InChIKey: JCQLYHFGKNRPGE-DNMRROERBC;

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
dog LD oral > 12gm/kg (12000mg/kg) GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 15800mg/kg (15800mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
mouse LD50 intravenous 9960mg/kg (9960mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
mouse LD50 oral 31gm/kg (31000mg/kg)   Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
mouse LD50 oral 31gm/kg (31000mg/kg) GASTROINTESTINAL: "HYPERMOTILITY, DIARRHEA" Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
mouse LD50 subcutaneous 29600mg/kg (29600mg/kg) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, OTHER: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE"

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
rabbit LDLo oral 24gm/kg (24000mg/kg) BEHAVIORAL: ATAXIA

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION

BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS
Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 16gm/kg (16000mg/kg)   Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico. Vol. 115, Pg. 596, 1976.
rat LD50 intravenous 13500mg/kg (13500mg/kg)   Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
rat LD50 intravenous 13500mg/kg (13500mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
rat LD50 oral 18160mg/kg (18160mg/kg)   Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. Vol. 96, Pg. 301, 1990.
rat LD50 subcutaneous 33500mg/kg (33500mg/kg) SKIN AND APPENDAGES (SKIN): "DERMATITIS, OTHER: AFTER SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE"

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Kiso to Rinsho. Clinical Report. Vol. 7, Pg. 3517, 1973.
women TDLo unreported 40mg/kg/3D (40mg/kg)   Drug Intelligence and Clinical Pharmacy. Vol. 18, Pg. 70, 1984.

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