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| CAS No.: | 7440-04-2 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Osmium |
| Molecular Structure: | |
|
|
|
| Formula: | Os |
| Molecular Weight: | 190.20 |
| Synonyms: | NSC 607770;NSC 607771;NSC 607772; |
| EINECS: | 231-114-0 |
| Density: | 22.48 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: |
3045 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling Point: |
5027 °C(lit.) |
| Solubility: | attacked by aqua regia; barely affected by HCl, H2SO4 [MER06] |
| Appearance: | Black powder |
| Hazard Symbols: | Highly toxic; irritant to skin. |
| Risk Codes: | 11-37/38-41-36/38 |
| Safety: | Poison by intravenous route. An irritant to eyes and mucous membranes. The principal effects of exposure are ocular disturbances and an asthmatic condition caused by inhalation. Furthermore, it causes dermatitis and ulceration of the skin upon contact. When osmium is heated, it gives off a pungent, poisonous fume of osmium tetroxide. One case of osmium poisoning reported in the literature resulted from the inhalation of osmium, which gave rise to a capillary bronchitis and dermatitis. The tetroxide vapor has a pronounced and nauseating odor that should be taken as a warning of a possibly toxic concentration in the atmosphere, and personnel should immediately move to an area of fresh air. The metal itself is not highly toxic. Flammable in the form of dust when exposed to heat or flame. Slight explosion hazard in the form of dust when exposed to heat or flame. Violent reaction or ignition with chlorine trichloride or oxygen difluoride. Ignites when heated to 100°C with fluorine. Incandescent reaction in phosphorus vapor. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of OsO4. See also OSMIUM TETROXIDE. |
| PSA: | 0.00000 |
| LogP: | 0.00000 |
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Chemistry
Molecular Structure:
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IUPAC Name: Osmium
Empirical Formula: Os
Molecular Weight: 190.23 g/mol
EINECS: 231-114-0
Density: 22,48 g/cm3
Boiling Point: 5027 °C
Melting point: 3045 °C
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water
Appearance: Black powder
Form: Sponge
Product Categories of Osmium (CAS NO.7440-04-2): Inorganics;Metal and Ceramic Science;Metals;Osmium
History
Osmium (CAS NO.7440-04-2) is found in nature as an alloy, mostly in platinum ores. It was discovered in 1803 by Smithson Tennant and William Hyde Wollaston in London, England, and was published in 1748. In 1803, Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal, and, in 1908 cheaper catalysts based on iron and iron oxides were introduced for the first pilot plants. Nowadays, it is primarily obtained from the processing of platinum and nickel ores.
Uses
Osmium (CAS NO.7440-04-2) is a hard, brittle, blue-gray or blue-black transition metal in the platinum family, and is also used in alloys, with platinum, iridium and other platinum group metals.
Production
Osmium (CAS NO.7440-04-2) is obtained as a by-product from nickel and copper mining and processing. In order to separate the metals, they must first be brought into solution.After being dissolved, it is separated from the other platinum group metals by distillation or extraction with organic solvents of the volatile osmium tetroxide
Toxicity Data With Reference
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dog | LDLo | intravenous | 17mg/kg (17mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA GASTROINTESTINAL: NAUSEA OR VOMITING | Scottish Medical and Surgical Journal. Vol. 26, Pg. 131, 1826. |
Consensus Reports
Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.
Safety Profile
Poison by intravenous route. An irritant to eyes and mucous membranes. The principal effects of exposure are ocular disturbances and an asthmatic condition caused by inhalation. Furthermore, it causes dermatitis and ulceration of the skin upon contact. When osmium is heated, it gives off a pungent, poisonous fume of osmium tetroxide. One case of osmium poisoning reported in the literature resulted from the inhalation of osmium, which gave rise to a capillary bronchitis and dermatitis. The tetroxide vapor has a pronounced and nauseating odor that should be taken as a warning of a possibly toxic concentration in the atmosphere, and personnel should immediately move to an area of fresh air. The metal itself is not highly toxic. Flammable in the form of dust when exposed to heat or flame. Slight explosion hazard in the form of dust when exposed to heat or flame. Violent reaction or ignition with chlorine trichloride or oxygen difluoride. Ignites when heated to 100°C with fluorine. Incandescent reaction in phosphorus vapor. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of OsO4. See also OSMIUM TETROXIDE.
Hazard Codes: 
F,
Xi
Risk Statements: 11-37/38-41-36/38
R11: Highly flammable.
R36/38: Irritating to eyes and skin.
R37/38: Irritating to respiratory system and skin.
R41: Risk of serious damage to the eyes.
Safety Statements: 16-26-36/37/39
S16: Keep away from sources of ignition.
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice.
S36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection.
Specification
Osmium ,its cas register number is 7440-04-2. It also can be called Osmium, elemental ;and Metallic osmium . It is the densest natural element, making it twice as dense as lead; and, reacts with oxygen at room temperature forming volatile osmium tetroxide. Some osmium compounds are also converted to the tetroxide if oxygen is present. Osmium possesses quite remarkable chemical and physical properties.Only its two compounds have major applications: osmium tetroxide — for staining tissue in electron microscopy and the non-volatile osmates for organic oxidation reactions. It has seven naturally occurring isotopes, six of which are stable: 184Os, 187Os, 188Os, 189Os, 190Os, and (most abundant) 192Os. 186Os .Within the Earth's crust, like iridium, Osmium (CAS NO.7440-04-2) is found at highest concentrations in three types of geologic structure: igneous deposits,impact craters, and deposits reworked from one of the former structures.